{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383221908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091","title":"Smouldering-to-flaming transition on wood induced by glowing char cracks and cross wind","display_name":"Smouldering-to-flaming transition on wood induced by glowing char cracks and cross wind","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383221908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164770093","display_name":"Fuel","issn_l":"0016-2361","issn":["0016-2361","1873-7153"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fuel","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4383221908"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/108024","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101564842","display_name":"Ziyang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4080-3930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4080-3930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4080-3930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006984137","display_name":"Pengfei Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-7976","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-7976"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099470","display_name":"Shanghai Fire Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00hvq0c10","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302611135","https://openalex.org/I4210099470"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Fire Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200032, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-7976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Fire Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200032, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080795274","display_name":"Supan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-675X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-675X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Supan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080760430","display_name":"Xinyan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0584-8452","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0584-8452","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-2016","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7845-2950"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinyan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Centre for Fire Safety Engineering, Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0584-8452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Fire Safety Engineering, Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080760430","https://openalex.org/A5080795274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103","https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":{"value":4080,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4080},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3424,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96166738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"352","issue":null,"first_page":"129091","last_page":"129091"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.8295999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.8295999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.09769999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":0.017400000244379044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-combustion","display_name":"wood combustion","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crosswind","display_name":"crosswind","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chimney-effect","display_name":"chimney effect","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-heat-transfer","display_name":"radiation heat transfer","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoignition","display_name":"autoignition","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flaming-ignition","display_name":"flaming ignition","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-thickness","display_name":"wood thickness","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wildfire-ignition","display_name":"wildfire ignition","score":0.8209999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116067010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698686","display_name":"Airflow","level":2,"score":0.8097714185714722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779970684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11567121","display_name":"Char","level":3,"score":0.6006757020950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159063594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q248382","display_name":"Ignition system","level":2,"score":0.5690279603004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5488107204437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10899652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329","display_name":"Convection","level":2,"score":0.53664231300354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4724562466144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180145272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7504144","display_name":"Shrinkage","level":2,"score":0.4609907269477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.43778571486473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4018203020095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.38587331771850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.31117475032806396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.23773646354675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1639077067375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.12493574619293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11675235629081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10548475384712219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08520281314849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164770093","display_name":"Fuel","issn_l":"0016-2361","issn":["0016-2361","1873-7153"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fuel","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/108024","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/108024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/108024","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/108024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5690000057220459}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1924315947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21KJA620003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2744300201","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52176113","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533278503","https://openalex.org/W1964575131","https://openalex.org/W1979459603","https://openalex.org/W1987212288","https://openalex.org/W1988140886","https://openalex.org/W2036216866","https://openalex.org/W2045998642","https://openalex.org/W2092327651","https://openalex.org/W2098859843","https://openalex.org/W2167477614","https://openalex.org/W2339218086","https://openalex.org/W2471962809","https://openalex.org/W2505250018","https://openalex.org/W2525821282","https://openalex.org/W2746409879","https://openalex.org/W2787189653","https://openalex.org/W2810429889","https://openalex.org/W2888428346","https://openalex.org/W2963587874","https://openalex.org/W3021220411","https://openalex.org/W3087693809","https://openalex.org/W3094586252","https://openalex.org/W3109849437","https://openalex.org/W3122433475","https://openalex.org/W3182554972","https://openalex.org/W3183168875","https://openalex.org/W3196191484","https://openalex.org/W4200192178","https://openalex.org/W4214542183","https://openalex.org/W4244188914","https://openalex.org/W4249808044","https://openalex.org/W4283777851"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7208714371","https://openalex.org/W4402030800","https://openalex.org/W4387010213","https://openalex.org/W4386295805","https://openalex.org/W4410867148","https://openalex.org/W4410760544","https://openalex.org/W4415594047","https://openalex.org/W2095184744","https://openalex.org/W1987897758","https://openalex.org/W2383730070"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2023-07-06T00:00:00"}