{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383100600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","title":"The role of water in the laboratory thermal advancement of immature type I kerogen from the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in China","display_name":"The role of water in the laboratory thermal advancement of immature type I kerogen from the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in China","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383100600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37402993","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10319793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-38013-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-38013-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033983614","display_name":"Majid Safaei-Farouji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-8538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-8538"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182712176","display_name":"Montanuniversit\u00e4t Leoben","ror":"https://ror.org/02fhfw393","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182712176"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majid Safaei-Farouji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department for Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700, Leoben, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department for Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700, Leoben, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182712176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033068263","display_name":"Thomas Gentzis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4592-9318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4592-9318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99978038","display_name":"Core Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00scjy223","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99978038"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Gentzis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Core Laboratories, Reservoir Geology Group, 6316 Windfern Road, Houston, TX, 77040, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Core Laboratories, Reservoir Geology Group, 6316 Windfern Road, Houston, TX, 77040, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99978038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393094","display_name":"Bo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0136-7237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0136-7237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921716337","display_name":"Northeast Petroleum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03net5943","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China","Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Accumulation and Efficient Development, Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Accumulation and Efficient Development, Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102026675","display_name":"Zhongliang Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-0527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-0527"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106994412","display_name":"Sinopec (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0161q6d74","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106994412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongliang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Sinopec Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, Wuxi, 214126, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Sinopec Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, Wuxi, 214126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106994412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400369","display_name":"Liu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0953-7600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0953-7600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921716337","display_name":"Northeast Petroleum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03net5943","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Accumulation and Efficient Development, Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Accumulation and Efficient Development, Ministry of Education, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102542963","display_name":"Yaohui Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaohui Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053157432","display_name":"Mehdi Ostadhassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9235-4399","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9235-4399","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1285-5439"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Ostadhassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geosciences, Marine and Land Geomechanics and Geotectonics, Christian-Albrechts- Universit\u00e4t, 24118, Kiel, Germany. mehdi.ostadhassan@ifg.uni-kiel.de","Institute of Geosciences, Marine and Land Geomechanics and Geotectonics, Christian-Albrechts- Universit\u00e4t, 24118, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geosciences, Marine and Land Geomechanics and Geotectonics, Christian-Albrechts- Universit\u00e4t, 24118, Kiel, Germany. mehdi.ostadhassan@ifg.uni-kiel.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geosciences, Marine and Land Geomechanics and Geotectonics, Christian-Albrechts- Universit\u00e4t, 24118, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053157432"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2390},"apc_paid":{"value":2071,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2233},"fwci":0.6065,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59586361,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"10815","last_page":"10815"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11630","display_name":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12218","display_name":"Coal and Its By-products","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-i-kerogen","display_name":"type I kerogen","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qingshankou-formation","display_name":"Qingshankou Formation","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/songliao-basin","display_name":"Songliao Basin","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-maturity","display_name":"thermal maturity","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrous-pyrolysis","display_name":"hydrous pyrolysis","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n-alkanes","display_name":"n-alkanes","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tricyclic-terpanes","display_name":"tricyclic terpanes","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hopanes","display_name":"hopanes","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-petrography","display_name":"organic petrography","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitumen-reflectance","display_name":"bitumen reflectance","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrocarbon-generation","display_name":"hydrocarbon generation","score":0.4970000088214874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779196632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938398","display_name":"Kerogen","level":4,"score":0.7353470325469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6201225519180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12294951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44626","display_name":"Cretaceous","level":2,"score":0.5943171977996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.3827475905418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.36566993594169617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.15030595660209656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14064407348632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126559015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988844","display_name":"Source rock","level":3,"score":0.13367891311645508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.08009868860244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-38013-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10319793","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10319793","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10319793/pdf/41598_2023_Article_38013.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37402993","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37402993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:macau.uni-kiel.de:macau_mods_00006325","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/macau_mods_00006325","pdf_url":"https://macau.uni-kiel.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/macau_derivate_00007795/s41598-023-38013-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400664","display_name":"Multimedialen Archiv und Publikationsserver der Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel (Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","host_organization_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0cf3ae61f17f4a7eadc8ab84fedc46c3","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0cf3ae61f17f4a7eadc8ab84fedc46c3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-21 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38013-z","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-38013-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321553","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383100600.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383100600.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113239123","https://openalex.org/W594987929","https://openalex.org/W1606949540","https://openalex.org/W1887320886","https://openalex.org/W1964337789","https://openalex.org/W1971366944","https://openalex.org/W1976623200","https://openalex.org/W1977806212","https://openalex.org/W1981259692","https://openalex.org/W1988670693","https://openalex.org/W1992771347","https://openalex.org/W2000208622","https://openalex.org/W2006936617","https://openalex.org/W2024606446","https://openalex.org/W2026225908","https://openalex.org/W2027620898","https://openalex.org/W2036487458","https://openalex.org/W2044073149","https://openalex.org/W2053080324","https://openalex.org/W2060487523","https://openalex.org/W2064000957","https://openalex.org/W2064775977","https://openalex.org/W2068482931","https://openalex.org/W2069092944","https://openalex.org/W2071215234","https://openalex.org/W2072615806","https://openalex.org/W2073497484","https://openalex.org/W2078725207","https://openalex.org/W2084728071","https://openalex.org/W2085091896","https://openalex.org/W2088196042","https://openalex.org/W2119855749","https://openalex.org/W2127803434","https://openalex.org/W2158479861","https://openalex.org/W2183792069","https://openalex.org/W2720642142","https://openalex.org/W2739587445","https://openalex.org/W2767010790","https://openalex.org/W2767761620","https://openalex.org/W2774084914","https://openalex.org/W2792285935","https://openalex.org/W2890551816","https://openalex.org/W2906429723","https://openalex.org/W2975319160","https://openalex.org/W2999485188","https://openalex.org/W3094168908","https://openalex.org/W3154511738","https://openalex.org/W3159546814","https://openalex.org/W3167678646","https://openalex.org/W3195755954","https://openalex.org/W3202136792","https://openalex.org/W3202695881","https://openalex.org/W3207670609","https://openalex.org/W4200008990","https://openalex.org/W4205550164","https://openalex.org/W4220708811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389551168","https://openalex.org/W4378211488","https://openalex.org/W3122305545","https://openalex.org/W4225642654","https://openalex.org/W2158479861","https://openalex.org/W2084205611","https://openalex.org/W2755428997","https://openalex.org/W3094168908","https://openalex.org/W3201611714","https://openalex.org/W2348413581"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"To":[1,142],"understand":[2],"variations":[3,136],"in":[4,24,87,93,127,133,239,250,265,281,298],"geochemistry,":[5],"organic":[6,232],"petrology,":[7],"and":[8,14,33,56,66,75,96,124,129,171,193,211,225,245,247,284,288],"chemical":[9],"composition":[10],"of":[11,41,85,255,275,279,286,295],"crude":[12],"oil":[13],"byproducts,":[15,98,290],"an":[16,67,122],"immature":[17],"sample":[18],"from":[19,44,59],"the":[20,25,83,88,112,152,156,162,177,182,188,191,204,212,223,236,251,266,276,282,293],"Cretaceous":[21],"Qingshankou":[22],"Formation":[23],"Songliao":[26],"Basin,":[27],"China,":[28],"was":[29,159],"analyzed":[30],"by":[31],"anhydrous":[32],"hydrous":[34],"pyrolysis":[35,61],"(AHP/HP)":[36],"at":[37],"a":[38,64,99,106,125],"wide":[39],"range":[40,92],"temperatures":[42],"ranging":[43],"300":[45],"\u00b0C":[46],"to":[47,90,197,272],"450":[48],"\u00b0C.":[49],"The":[50,166,253],"geochemical":[51],"parameters:":[52],"TOC,":[53],"S2,":[54],"HI,":[55],"Tmax":[57],"obtained":[58],"Rock\u2013Eval":[60],"showed":[62,82,217],"both":[63,94,121],"decrease":[65,126],"increase":[68,123],"as":[69],"thermal":[70],"maturity":[71,221],"progressed":[72],"under":[73],"HP":[74],"AHP":[76],"conditions.":[77],"Gas":[78,115],"chromatography":[79],"(GC)":[80],"analysis":[81,119],"presence":[84],"n-alkanes":[86],"C14":[89],"C36":[91],"expelled":[95,153,183],"residual":[97,163],"Delta-shaped":[100],"configuration":[101],"although":[102],"many":[103],"samples":[104],"had":[105],"gradually":[107],"reducing":[108],"(tapering)":[109],"trend":[110,158],"toward":[111],"high":[113],"range.":[114],"chromatography-mass":[116],"spectrometry":[117],"(GC\u2013MS)":[118],"revealed":[120],"biomarker":[128,147],"very":[130],"small":[131],"changes":[132],"aromatic":[134],"compound":[135],"with":[137,149,174,220],"increasing":[138,235],"temperature":[139,150,175,237],"during":[140],"pyrolysis.":[141],"be":[143],"more":[144],"specific,":[145],"C29Ts":[146],"increased":[148,170,186],"for":[151,161,181,187,261],"byproduct,":[154],"while":[155,176],"opposite":[157],"observed":[160],"one.":[164],"Next,":[165],"Ts/Tm":[167],"ratio":[168,179,200,210,216],"initially":[169],"then":[172],"decreased":[173],"C29H/C30H":[178],"fluctuated":[180],"byproduct":[184],"but":[185],"residual.":[189],"Moreover,":[190,269],"GI":[192],"C30":[194,198],"rearranged":[195],"hopane":[196,199],"remained":[201],"unchanged":[202],"whereas":[203],"C23":[205],"tricyclic":[206,214,227],"terpane/C24":[207],"tetracyclic":[208],"terpane":[209,215],"C23/C24":[213],"varying":[218],"trends":[219],"alike":[222],"C19/C23":[224],"C20/C23":[226],"terpane.":[228],"Ultimately,":[229],"based":[230],"on":[231],"petrography":[233],"observations,":[234],"resulted":[238],"higher":[240],"bitumen":[241],"reflectance":[242],"(%Bro,":[243],"r)":[244],"optical":[246],"structural":[248],"alterations":[249],"macerals.":[252],"findings":[254],"this":[256,299],"study":[257],"provide":[258],"valuable":[259],"insights":[260],"future":[262],"exploration":[263],"endeavors":[264],"studied":[267],"region.":[268],"they":[270],"contribute":[271],"our":[273],"understanding":[274],"significant":[277],"role":[278],"water":[280],"generation":[283],"expulsion":[285],"petroleum":[287],"associated":[289],"thereby":[291],"facilitating":[292],"development":[294],"updated":[296],"models":[297],"field.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2023-07-05T00:00:00"}
