{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382583467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192","title":"Predictors of pre-and post-care handwashing among community healthcare providers: a cross-sectional survey in Bangladeshi community clinics","display_name":"Predictors of pre-and post-care handwashing among community healthcare providers: a cross-sectional survey in Bangladeshi community clinics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382583467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/washdev.2023.192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/washdev.2023.192/1244028/washdev2023192.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495644771","display_name":"Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","issn_l":"2043-9083","issn":["2043-9083","2408-9362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/washdev.2023.192/1244028/washdev2023192.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046058908","display_name":"Kamrul Hsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1879-2785","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1879-2785"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I264750291","display_name":"Hamdard University Bangladesh","ror":"https://ror.org/03mkzcg89","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I264750291"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kamrul Hsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Department of Public Health, Hamdard University Bangladesh, Hamdard City of Science, Education & Culture, Gazaria, Munshiganj 1510, Bangladesh","b International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","Department of Public Health, Hamdard University Bangladesh, Hamdard City of Science, Education & Culture, Gazaria, Munshiganj 1510, Bangladesh","International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1879-2785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Department of Public Health, Hamdard University Bangladesh, Hamdard City of Science, Education & Culture, Gazaria, Munshiganj 1510, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I264750291"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"b International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, Hamdard University Bangladesh, Hamdard City of Science, Education & Culture, Gazaria, Munshiganj 1510, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I264750291"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054972906","display_name":"Mahfuza Mubarak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2592-3375","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2592-3375"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46080048","display_name":"Jahangirnagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywb0864","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahfuza Mubarak","raw_affiliation_strings":["c Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"c Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106026006","display_name":"Tareq Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-4085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-4085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46080048","display_name":"Jahangirnagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywb0864","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tareq Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["b International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","d Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"d Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013272462","display_name":"Abu Bakkar Siddique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-8281","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-8281","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9182-2573"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46080048","display_name":"Jahangirnagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywb0864","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abu Bakkar Siddique","raw_affiliation_strings":["b International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","c Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"c Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666248","display_name":"Mohammad Azizur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-0313","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-0313","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-8219"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46080048","display_name":"Jahangirnagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywb0864","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Azizur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["e Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"e Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043623030","display_name":"David Gozal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-6036","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-6036"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Gozal","raw_affiliation_strings":["f Department of Child Health, and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA","Department of Child Health, and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"f Department of Child Health, and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Child Health, and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011796503","display_name":"Md. Marjad Mir Kameli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125577","display_name":"Save the Children","ror":"https://ror.org/032e5zb24","country_code":"BD","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125577"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Marjad Mir Kameli","raw_affiliation_strings":["g Evidence and Learning Department, Save the Children, Cox's Bazar Area Office, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh","Evidence and Learning Department, Save the Children, Cox's Bazar Area Office, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"g Evidence and Learning Department, Save the Children, Cox's Bazar Area Office, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Evidence and Learning Department, Save the Children, Cox's Bazar Area Office, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009093907","display_name":"Nurullah Awal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nurullah Awal","raw_affiliation_strings":["h WaterAid Bangladesh, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh","WaterAid Bangladesh, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"h WaterAid Bangladesh, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"WaterAid Bangladesh, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052864499","display_name":"Md. Mahfuz Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9805-4901","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9805-4901"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46080048","display_name":"Jahangirnagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywb0864","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Mahfuz Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["c Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"c Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046058908"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I264750291"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1926,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40875503,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"7","first_page":"487","last_page":"493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11080","display_name":"Surgical site infection prevention","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11957","display_name":"Food Safety and Hygiene","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-hygiene","display_name":"hand hygiene","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwashing","display_name":"hand washing","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nosocomial-infections","display_name":"nosocomial infections","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwashing-facilities","display_name":"handwashing facilities","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soap-availability","display_name":"soap availability","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provider-education","display_name":"provider education","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-hygiene-education","display_name":"hand hygiene education","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-health-clinics","display_name":"community clinics","score":0.6290000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7884491086006165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547646559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162297","display_name":"Hygiene","level":2,"score":0.7645887732505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.6529367566108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6310238242149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6145015358924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5120611786842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.46880513429641724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4325408637523651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.22803109884262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2166/washdev.2023.192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/washdev.2023.192/1244028/washdev2023192.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495644771","display_name":"Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","issn_l":"2043-9083","issn":["2043-9083","2408-9362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:76a1af1b9f4048aca54f9cb7f8f66caf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/76a1af1b9f4048aca54f9cb7f8f66caf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, Vol 13, Iss 7, Pp 487-493 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/washdev.2023.192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.192","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/washdev/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/washdev.2023.192/1244028/washdev2023192.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495644771","display_name":"Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","issn_l":"2043-9083","issn":["2043-9083","2408-9362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382583467.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382583467.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078247711","https://openalex.org/W2079591472","https://openalex.org/W2110745150","https://openalex.org/W2145317179","https://openalex.org/W2148373943","https://openalex.org/W2209209971","https://openalex.org/W2262983605","https://openalex.org/W2516127371","https://openalex.org/W2766317977","https://openalex.org/W2808210217","https://openalex.org/W2808930462","https://openalex.org/W2895784803","https://openalex.org/W2990756948","https://openalex.org/W3022631259","https://openalex.org/W3095464421","https://openalex.org/W4200585592","https://openalex.org/W4211157199","https://openalex.org/W4235216876","https://openalex.org/W4282936280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3175752199","https://openalex.org/W4206439476","https://openalex.org/W4211157199","https://openalex.org/W4364359565","https://openalex.org/W3049517402","https://openalex.org/W2335695614","https://openalex.org/W2298431166","https://openalex.org/W2791014640","https://openalex.org/W4250678185","https://openalex.org/W2894390788"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Lack":[1],"of":[2,15,36,41,79,137,159,173,200,218],"proper":[3],"handwashing":[4,42,68,138,151,213,233],"by":[5,75,187],"healthcare":[6,19,29],"providers":[7,30],"is":[8,224],"the":[9,13,33],"major":[10],"vector":[11],"for":[12],"spread":[14],"nosocomial":[16],"pathogens":[17],"in":[18,32],"settings.":[20],"A":[21],"cross-sectional":[22],"study":[23],"was":[24,73,152],"conducted":[25],"among":[26,235],"128":[27],"community":[28],"(CHCPs)":[31],"Kurigram":[34],"district":[35],"Bangladesh":[37],"to":[38,212,226],"investigate":[39],"predictors":[40],"before":[43],"and":[44,54,93,106,120,131,135,171,215],"after":[45],"clinical":[46,231],"care":[47],"encounters.":[48],"Data":[49],"were":[50],"collected":[51],"between":[52],"November":[53],"December":[55],"2019":[56],"via":[57],"a":[58,63,76,156],"paper-and-pen":[59],"based":[60],"survey":[61],"using":[62],"semi-structured":[64],"questionnaire.":[65],"CHCP's":[66],"pre-care":[67],"with":[69,155,209],"soap/antiseptic":[70],"hand":[71,206,222],"cleaner":[72,223],"predicted":[74],"higher":[77,157],"level":[78,158],"education":[80,160],"(Unadjusted/Crude":[81],"odds":[82],"ratio":[83],"(COR)":[84],"=":[85,91,95,103,112,118,122,128,141,147,162,168,176,182,191,197],"7.16,":[86],"95%":[87,97,114,124,143,164,178,193],"CI":[88,115,125,144,165,179,194],"2.39\u201321.40,":[89],"p":[90,102,117,127,146,167,181,196],"0.000":[92],"COR":[94,121],"9.58,":[96],"Confidence":[98],"Interval":[99],"(CI)":[100],"3.28\u201327.92,":[101],"0.000,":[104],"bachelors":[105],"masters,":[107],"respectively),":[108,134],"lengthier":[109],"service":[110],"(COR":[111,140,161,175,190],"6.90,":[113],"1.40\u201334.17,":[116],"0.015":[119],"7.8,":[123],"1.49\u201340.98,":[126],"0.015,":[129],"5\u20138":[130],">8":[132],"years,":[133],"presence":[136],"facility":[139],"4.48,":[142],"1.34\u201314.95,":[145],"0.015).":[148],"However,":[149],"post-care":[150,230],"also":[153],"associated":[154],"13.36,":[163],"1.54\u2013115.63,":[166],"0.019,":[169],"masters)":[170],"availability":[172],"soap":[174,219],"17.73,":[177],"5.03\u201359.73,":[180],"0.000),":[183],"as":[184,186],"well":[185],"male":[188],"sex":[189],"3.14,":[192],"1.01\u20139.79,":[195],"0.049).":[198],"Implementation":[199],"an":[201],"effective":[202],"training":[203],"program":[204],"on":[205],"hygiene":[207],"combined":[208],"improved":[210],"access":[211],"stations":[214],"adequate":[216],"supply":[217],"or":[220],"antiseptic":[221],"required":[225],"improve":[227],"both":[228],"pre-and":[229],"encounter":[232],"practices":[234],"CHCPs.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-06-30T00:00:00"}
