{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381955463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7","title":"Pharmacogenomics testing: An overview","display_name":"Pharmacogenomics testing: An overview","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381955463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenomics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381895944","display_name":"Pharmacogenomics"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037643696","display_name":"Lubna Tariq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2233-8374","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2233-8374"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I299920578","display_name":"Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fp2m518","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I299920578"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lubna Tariq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I299920578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103886933","display_name":"Shabhat Rasool","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150956004","display_name":"Government Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/00m4gxn44","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135388327","https://openalex.org/I150956004"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shabhat Rasool","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College (GMC-Srinagar), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College (GMC-Srinagar), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150956004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044389384","display_name":"Azher Mustafa Arafah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6419-0446","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6419-0446"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azher Arafah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005956572","display_name":"Nouroz Sehar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7805-5058","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7805-5058"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19716509","display_name":"Jamia Hamdard","ror":"https://ror.org/03dwxvb85","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19716509"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nouroz Sehar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19716509"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061193308","display_name":"Bisma Nisar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306687154","display_name":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir","ror":"https://ror.org/00jgwn197","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306687154"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bisma Nisar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Basic Science and Humanities, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-Kashmir), Sopore, Jammu and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Basic Science and Humanities, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir (SKUAST-Kashmir), Sopore, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306687154"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008901785","display_name":"Bashayr M. Alsuwayni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-269X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-269X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801066305","display_name":"King Saud Medical City","ror":"https://ror.org/03aj9rj02","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801066305"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bashayr Alsuwayni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Corporate of Pharmacy Services, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Corporate of Pharmacy Services, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801066305","https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082513801","display_name":"Muneeb U. Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9995-6576","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9995-6576","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1299-6337"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muneeb U. Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083168847","display_name":"Kaisar Ahmad Bhat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I299920578","display_name":"Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fp2m518","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I299920578"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaisar Bhat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I299920578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25782093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"97","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11117","display_name":"Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13984","display_name":"Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacogenetic-testing","display_name":"pharmacogenetic testing","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacogenetics","display_name":"pharmacogenetics","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalized-medicine","display_name":"personalized medicine","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-safety","display_name":"drug safety","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-selection","display_name":"drug selection","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-implications","display_name":"ethical implications","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation-barriers","display_name":"implementation barriers","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-making","display_name":"clinical decision-making","score":0.45399999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55775858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152227","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics","level":4,"score":0.8870154619216919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170734499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152227","display_name":"Pharmacogenomics","level":2,"score":0.8773124814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6072274446487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780673598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285223","display_name":"Genetic testing","level":2,"score":0.47319361567497253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.4629190266132355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.43905505537986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32220436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072214","display_name":"Personalized medicine","level":2,"score":0.4164765477180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4151949882507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3126632273197174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.21321073174476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.14768058061599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.10123497247695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-15336-5.00008-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmacogenomics","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1258432720","https://openalex.org/W1599132038","https://openalex.org/W1600244264","https://openalex.org/W1644197353","https://openalex.org/W1967863303","https://openalex.org/W1973786512","https://openalex.org/W1985059672","https://openalex.org/W1989828622","https://openalex.org/W1991270018","https://openalex.org/W2009483826","https://openalex.org/W2011244948","https://openalex.org/W2016935074","https://openalex.org/W2024913341","https://openalex.org/W2027851095","https://openalex.org/W2035090322","https://openalex.org/W2037171637","https://openalex.org/W2043674997","https://openalex.org/W2049681043","https://openalex.org/W2051371418","https://openalex.org/W2055214047","https://openalex.org/W2063280109","https://openalex.org/W2066851444","https://openalex.org/W2069444762","https://openalex.org/W2076841301","https://openalex.org/W2085132047","https://openalex.org/W2092510009","https://openalex.org/W2093714545","https://openalex.org/W2096599198","https://openalex.org/W2104689123","https://openalex.org/W2108686931","https://openalex.org/W2112182958","https://openalex.org/W2137422676","https://openalex.org/W2141322774","https://openalex.org/W2142149055","https://openalex.org/W2145338526","https://openalex.org/W2147549027","https://openalex.org/W2149767304","https://openalex.org/W2151774137","https://openalex.org/W2154940301","https://openalex.org/W2155690985","https://openalex.org/W2156789921","https://openalex.org/W2159858918","https://openalex.org/W2164899741","https://openalex.org/W2170125927","https://openalex.org/W2361598727","https://openalex.org/W2483809052","https://openalex.org/W2502485509","https://openalex.org/W2538201653","https://openalex.org/W2557850348","https://openalex.org/W2578892128","https://openalex.org/W2582278999","https://openalex.org/W2599150585","https://openalex.org/W2626916274","https://openalex.org/W2770460146","https://openalex.org/W2895781865","https://openalex.org/W3090949181","https://openalex.org/W3147913464","https://openalex.org/W3217157232","https://openalex.org/W4235360245","https://openalex.org/W4249964811","https://openalex.org/W6683459139","https://openalex.org/W6730445058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033732771","https://openalex.org/W1973786512","https://openalex.org/W2201110441","https://openalex.org/W3090949181","https://openalex.org/W1508488371","https://openalex.org/W4414425764","https://openalex.org/W2071043364","https://openalex.org/W3117111844","https://openalex.org/W1830193581","https://openalex.org/W192271237"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2023-06-26T00:00:00"}