{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381806157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","title":"Private Tuition in Cambodia: Evidence from Urban and Rural Upper Secondary Schools","display_name":"Private Tuition in Cambodia: Evidence from Urban and Rural Upper Secondary Schools","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381806157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JICE/article/download/43940/15670/111135","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739192125","display_name":"Journal of International Comparative Education","issn_l":"2232-1802","issn":["2232-1802","2289-2567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321684","host_organization_name":"University of Malaya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321684"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Malaya"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International and Comparative Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JICE/article/download/43940/15670/111135","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046532370","display_name":"Vutheavy Chim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6400-4930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6400-4930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405263297","display_name":"National Institute of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/04yg0vm25","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405263297"]}],"countries":["KH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vutheavy Chim","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Education (NIE), Cambodia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Education (NIE), Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405263297"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041840404","display_name":"Sopha Soeung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-3021","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-3021"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405263297","display_name":"National Institute of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/04yg0vm25","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405263297"]}],"countries":["KH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sopha Soeung","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Education (NIE), Cambodia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Education (NIE), Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405263297"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405263297"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0312,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8909059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"27","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13566","display_name":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13566","display_name":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11676","display_name":"Parental Involvement in Education","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-tutoring","display_name":"private tutoring","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tutoring","display_name":"tutoring","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-secondary-school","display_name":"upper secondary school","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-schools","display_name":"public schools","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/examination-reform","display_name":"examination reform","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-professionalism","display_name":"teacher professionalism","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-perceptions-of-teaching","display_name":"student perceptions of teaching","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cambodia","display_name":"Cambodia","score":0.6470000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4352710545063019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4258118271827698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.36538898944854736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3431340754032135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3216366171836853}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JICE/article/download/43940/15670/111135","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739192125","display_name":"Journal of International Comparative Education","issn_l":"2232-1802","issn":["2232-1802","2289-2567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321684","host_organization_name":"University of Malaya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321684"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Malaya"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International and Comparative Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2023.12.1.0913","pdf_url":"https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JICE/article/download/43940/15670/111135","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739192125","display_name":"Journal of International Comparative Education","issn_l":"2232-1802","issn":["2232-1802","2289-2567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321684","host_organization_name":"University of Malaya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321684"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Malaya"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of International and Comparative Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381806157.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381806157.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49162837","https://openalex.org/W569232541","https://openalex.org/W630242425","https://openalex.org/W791686686","https://openalex.org/W815525869","https://openalex.org/W1555514267","https://openalex.org/W1556808170","https://openalex.org/W1968904401","https://openalex.org/W1993214271","https://openalex.org/W2031909323","https://openalex.org/W2071985684","https://openalex.org/W2115297613","https://openalex.org/W2134849929","https://openalex.org/W2144964572","https://openalex.org/W2149376988","https://openalex.org/W2164596918","https://openalex.org/W2221304704","https://openalex.org/W2295957627","https://openalex.org/W2298329732","https://openalex.org/W2334166850","https://openalex.org/W2386977552","https://openalex.org/W2403696158","https://openalex.org/W2730573683","https://openalex.org/W2795704341","https://openalex.org/W2799849728","https://openalex.org/W2902072841","https://openalex.org/W2904696878","https://openalex.org/W2916690728","https://openalex.org/W2944736967","https://openalex.org/W2945792041","https://openalex.org/W3123738225","https://openalex.org/W3154172515","https://openalex.org/W4320910427"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7044629040","https://openalex.org/W7128544464","https://openalex.org/W7056871363","https://openalex.org/W7000928267","https://openalex.org/W2247248876","https://openalex.org/W7028991884","https://openalex.org/W3092556841","https://openalex.org/W2386977552","https://openalex.org/W2599973505","https://openalex.org/W2187102182"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"compares":[2],"private":[3],"tuition":[4],"(PT)":[5],"patterns":[6],"and":[7,11,21,29,92,113,133],"perceptions":[8],"regarding":[9],"teaching":[10,100],"learning":[12],"in":[13,19,138],"public":[14],"schools":[15],"versus":[16],"PT":[17,66,84,137],"classes":[18],"urban":[20,43],"rural":[22,63],"Cambodia.Using":[23],"quantitative":[24],"data":[25],"from":[26],"108":[27],"tutors":[28,56,86],"165":[30],"12th":[31],"graders,":[32],"followed":[33],"by":[34,72],"21":[35],"interviews":[36],"that":[37,42],"included":[38],"principals,":[39],"we":[40],"find":[41],"students":[44,81],"are":[45,58],"the":[46,53,114],"main":[47],"drivers":[48],"of":[49,55,116,136],"PT;":[50],"they":[51,57],"trust":[52],"quality":[54],"familiar":[59],"with,":[60],"while":[61],"their":[62,73,97],"peers":[64],"view":[65],"as":[67,94,103],"more":[68,80],"effective":[69],"when":[70],"provided":[71],"teachers.Nonetheless,":[74],"examination":[75],"reform":[76],"may":[77],"have":[78],"prompted":[79],"to":[82,96,107,118,130],"seek":[83],"with":[85,109],"who":[87],"could":[88],"provide":[89],"adequate":[90],"knowledge":[91],"skills,":[93],"opposed":[95],"teachers.Furthermore,":[98],"hurried":[99],"was":[101],"perceived":[102],"a":[104,120],"common":[105],"response":[106],"dealing":[108],"inadequate":[110],"instructional":[111],"time":[112],"pressures":[115],"trying":[117],"implement":[119],"learner-based":[121],"approach.This":[122],"investigation":[123],"provides":[124],"new":[125],"insights":[126],"into":[127],"issues":[128],"relating":[129],"teacher":[131],"professionalism":[132],"students'":[134],"choice":[135],"Cambodia.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-06-24T00:00:00"}
