{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381664348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","title":"Influence of Weathering on the Degradation of Cellulose Acetate Microplastics Obtained from Used Cigarette Butts","display_name":"Influence of Weathering on the Degradation of Cellulose Acetate Microplastics Obtained from Used Cigarette Butts","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381664348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37376396","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10302732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym15122751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2751/pdf?version=1687313614","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2751/pdf?version=1687313614","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078631648","display_name":"Branka Mu\u0161i\u010d","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-9373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-9373"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135823","display_name":"Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03xry4v27","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135823"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Branka Mu\u0161i\u010d","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials, Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimi\u010deva ulica 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-9373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials, Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimi\u010deva ulica 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135823"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086458138","display_name":"Anita Jemec Kokalj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-4461","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-4461"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anita Jemec Kokalj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ve\u010dna Pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ve\u010dna Pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049572529","display_name":"Andrijana Sever \u0160kapin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0455-6228","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0455-6228"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091278","display_name":"Faculty of Polymer Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0198m6535","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091278"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135823","display_name":"Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03xry4v27","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135823"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrijana Sever \u0160kapin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials, Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimi\u010deva ulica 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","Faculty of Polymer Technology\u2014FTPO, Ozare 19, SI-2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0455-6228","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials, Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimi\u010deva ulica 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135823"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Polymer Technology\u2014FTPO, Ozare 19, SI-2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091278"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078631648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135823"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2669},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2669},"fwci":1.7793,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82269988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"12","first_page":"2751","last_page":"2751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13171","display_name":"Polymer Science and PVC","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellulose-acetate","display_name":"cellulose acetate","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-filters","display_name":"cigarette filters","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microplastics","display_name":"microplastics","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weathering","display_name":"weathering","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerated-aging","display_name":"accelerated aging","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-butts","display_name":"cigarette butts","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heated-tobacco-products","display_name":"heated tobacco products","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polylactic-acid","display_name":"polylactic acid","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uv-degradation","display_name":"UV degradation","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-stability","display_name":"thermal stability","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size-reduction","display_name":"particle size reduction","score":0.7720000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780401329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839919","display_name":"Microplastics","level":2,"score":0.9190962910652161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40724407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179177","display_name":"Weathering","level":2,"score":0.5821345448493958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777118752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124686","display_name":"Cellulose acetate","level":3,"score":0.5447699427604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.47784706950187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.47362416982650757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4632912874221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.4177805781364441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.21706268191337585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21508964896202087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.12572500109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.05973941087722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym15122751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2751/pdf?version=1687313614","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10302732","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10302732","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10302732/pdf/polymers-15-02751.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37376396","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37376396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dirros.openscience.si:IzpisGradiva.php?id=16675","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dirros.openscience.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=16675","pdf_url":"https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=22624&dn=","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196363","display_name":"DiRROS repository (University of Maribor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","host_organization_name":"University of Maribor","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Polymers, vol. 15, no. 12 2751, pp. 1-17, 2023.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2d2534633d934e2fb33959fddbd7c5b9","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2d2534633d934e2fb33959fddbd7c5b9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Polymers, Vol 15, Iss 12, p 2751 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym15122751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122751","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2751/pdf?version=1687313614","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.807699978351593,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1628498824","display_name":"Bulding structures and materials","funder_award_id":"P2-0273","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7104213374","display_name":"Impact of environmentally relevant nano- and micro-plastics on soil invertebrates","funder_award_id":"J1-2482","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","ror":"https://ror.org/059bp8k51"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381664348.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381664348.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968503139","https://openalex.org/W1973046622","https://openalex.org/W1974801466","https://openalex.org/W1985537233","https://openalex.org/W1992614745","https://openalex.org/W1994936288","https://openalex.org/W2004828273","https://openalex.org/W2031822901","https://openalex.org/W2063898302","https://openalex.org/W2120544856","https://openalex.org/W2153272542","https://openalex.org/W2168697215","https://openalex.org/W2320158701","https://openalex.org/W2769178149","https://openalex.org/W2769926603","https://openalex.org/W2810507172","https://openalex.org/W2917113397","https://openalex.org/W2926150957","https://openalex.org/W2959977755","https://openalex.org/W2966758591","https://openalex.org/W2967991869","https://openalex.org/W2997824457","https://openalex.org/W3003583799","https://openalex.org/W3091331495","https://openalex.org/W3094582034","https://openalex.org/W3111576691","https://openalex.org/W4210748435","https://openalex.org/W4213429269","https://openalex.org/W4232869948","https://openalex.org/W4242300116","https://openalex.org/W4283707147","https://openalex.org/W4319922768","https://openalex.org/W4362703693","https://openalex.org/W6963770385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392581719","https://openalex.org/W2769926603","https://openalex.org/W4306716458","https://openalex.org/W4403138184","https://openalex.org/W7214909067","https://openalex.org/W7124671625","https://openalex.org/W7057086765","https://openalex.org/W7203734979","https://openalex.org/W4310985406","https://openalex.org/W4406021652"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cellulose":[0],"acetate":[1,192,234,297],"is":[2,16,35,171,211],"used":[3,75],"in":[4,25,66,162,176,193,199,232,250,264],"many":[5],"applications,":[6],"including":[7],"for":[8],"cigarette":[9,46,137,140,235],"filters.":[10],"Unfortunately,":[11],"unlike":[12],"cellulose,":[13],"its":[14],"(bio)degradability":[15],"under":[17,274,298],"question,":[18],"yet":[19],"it":[20],"often":[21],"ends":[22],"up":[23],"uncontrolled":[24],"the":[26,38,59,96,117,124,132,150,153,157,163,177,180,188,208,217,237,245,251,254,258,265,268,283,299],"natural":[27],"environment.":[28],"The":[29,228,286],"main":[30],"purpose":[31],"of":[32,40,45,74,107,136,152,159,182,190,212,253,267,301],"this":[33],"study":[34],"to":[36,123,291],"compare":[37],"effects":[39],"weathering":[41,183],"on":[42,58,131,187,207],"two":[43],"types":[44],"filter":[47],"(classic":[48,76],"filters":[49,52,236],"and":[50,64,77,82,87,94,119,134,139,225],"newer":[51,200],"that":[53,146,198,203,216,231],"have":[54,128,147,204,219],"more":[55,293],"recently":[56,205],"arrived":[57],"market)":[60],"following":[61],"their":[62],"use":[63],"disposal":[65,133,158],"nature.":[67],"Microplastics":[68],"were":[69,90],"prepared":[70],"from":[71],"polymer":[72,111],"parts":[73],"heated":[78],"tobacco":[79,100,160,201],"products-HTP)":[80],"cigarettes":[81,195],"artificially":[83],"aged.":[84],"TG/DTA,":[85],"FTIR,":[86],"SEM":[88],"analyses":[89],"performed":[91],"both":[92],"before":[93],"after":[95,241],"aging":[97],"process.":[98],"Newer":[99],"products":[101,161,202],"contain":[102],"an":[103],"additional":[104],"film":[105,288],"made":[106],"a":[108,121],"poly(lactic":[109],"acid)":[110],"which,":[112],"like":[113],"cellulose":[114,191,233,296],"acetate,":[115],"burdens":[116],"environment":[118],"poses":[120],"risk":[122],"ecosystem.":[125],"Numerous":[126],"studies":[127],"been":[129,220],"conducted":[130],"recycling":[135],"butts":[138],"butt":[141],"extracts,":[142],"revealing":[143],"alarming":[144],"data":[145],"also":[148],"influenced":[149],"decisions":[151],"EU,":[154],"who":[155],"addressed":[156],"EU":[164],"Directive":[165],"(EU)":[166],"2019/904.":[167],"Despite":[168],"this,":[169],"there":[170],"still":[172],"no":[173,262],"systematic":[174],"analysis":[175,247],"literature":[178],"evaluating":[179],"impact":[181],"(i.e.,":[184],"accelerated":[185,242],"aging)":[186],"degradation":[189],"classic":[194],"compared":[196],"with":[197],"appeared":[206],"market.":[209],"This":[210],"particular":[213],"interest":[214],"given":[215],"latter":[218],"promoted":[221],"as":[222],"being":[223],"healthier":[224],"environmentally":[226],"friendly.":[227],"results":[229],"show":[230],"particle":[238],"size":[239],"decreased":[240],"aging.":[243],"Also,":[244],"thermal":[246],"revealed":[248],"differences":[249],"behavior":[252],"aged":[255],"samples,":[256],"while":[257],"FTIR":[259],"spectra":[260],"showed":[261],"shifts":[263],"position":[266],"peaks.":[269],"Organic":[270],"substances":[271],"break":[272],"down":[273],"UV":[275,302],"light,":[276],"which":[277],"can":[278],"be":[279,292],"seen":[280],"by":[281],"measuring":[282],"color":[284],"change.":[285],"PLA":[287],"was":[289],"found":[290],"stable":[294],"than":[295],"influence":[300],"light.":[303]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-06-23T00:00:00"}