{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381664306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864","title":"Sustainable Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Banana Peel and Date Seed Extracts, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation","display_name":"Sustainable Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Banana Peel and Date Seed Extracts, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381664306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15139864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/9864/pdf?version=1687745011","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/9864/pdf?version=1687745011","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045861352","display_name":"Nahed Ahmed Hussien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-9682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-9682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nahed Ahmed Hussien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7019-9682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114060420","display_name":"Jamila S. Al Malki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-5649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-5649"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamila S. Al Malki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092237601","display_name":"Farah A. R. Al Harthy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farah A. R. Al Harthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092237602","display_name":"Asrar W. Mazi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asrar W. Mazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092237603","display_name":"Jumanh A. A. Al Shadadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jumanh A. A. Al Shadadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045861352"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":1.6176,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82264578,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"13","first_page":"9864","last_page":"9864"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10090","display_name":"ZnO doping and properties","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12078","display_name":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-oxide-nanoparticles","display_name":"zinc oxide nanoparticles","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-synthesis","display_name":"green synthesis","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/banana-peel-extract","display_name":"banana peel extract","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/date-seed-extract","display_name":"date seed extract","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-waste-valorization","display_name":"agricultural waste valorization","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle-characterization","display_name":"nanoparticle characterization","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxicity","display_name":"cytotoxicity","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-dermal-fibroblasts","display_name":"human dermal fibroblasts","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zeta-potential","display_name":"zeta potential","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-functionalization","display_name":"surface functionalization","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management","display_name":"waste management","score":0.5649999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86181022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196823","display_name":"Zeta potential","level":3,"score":0.702028751373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864426","display_name":"Biocompatibility","level":2,"score":0.6873640418052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.6817375421524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.6360109448432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14631669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q896108","display_name":"Dynamic light scattering","level":3,"score":0.5608141422271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.49835681915283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.48950040340423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535196362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758","display_name":"Zinc","level":2,"score":0.45244354009628296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3919724225997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2822313904762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2707827687263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.18766379356384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15139864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/9864/pdf?version=1687745011","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:13:p:9864-:d:1175802","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/9864/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15139864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139864","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/9864/pdf?version=1687745011","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381664306.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381664306.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W203038707","https://openalex.org/W1981689837","https://openalex.org/W1998359932","https://openalex.org/W2021920559","https://openalex.org/W2022423007","https://openalex.org/W2034951053","https://openalex.org/W2042395713","https://openalex.org/W2050211629","https://openalex.org/W2058227413","https://openalex.org/W2065294066","https://openalex.org/W2068521345","https://openalex.org/W2085817843","https://openalex.org/W2097053833","https://openalex.org/W2108172465","https://openalex.org/W2109689528","https://openalex.org/W2166157514","https://openalex.org/W2244773330","https://openalex.org/W2326172274","https://openalex.org/W2620754603","https://openalex.org/W2797369678","https://openalex.org/W2802656765","https://openalex.org/W2902394845","https://openalex.org/W2940011198","https://openalex.org/W2946402056","https://openalex.org/W2961648740","https://openalex.org/W2981114064","https://openalex.org/W3003520244","https://openalex.org/W3007499323","https://openalex.org/W3025382017","https://openalex.org/W3027810478","https://openalex.org/W3032322993","https://openalex.org/W3039357915","https://openalex.org/W3044943803","https://openalex.org/W3089880084","https://openalex.org/W3117995107","https://openalex.org/W3133560641","https://openalex.org/W3199452492","https://openalex.org/W3205628422","https://openalex.org/W3213048982","https://openalex.org/W3215249118","https://openalex.org/W4200552712","https://openalex.org/W4213382559","https://openalex.org/W4310027126","https://openalex.org/W4315702576","https://openalex.org/W4361191172"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4379473706","https://openalex.org/W2981274410","https://openalex.org/W7213542607","https://openalex.org/W7113743920","https://openalex.org/W4396544243","https://openalex.org/W6949226712","https://openalex.org/W7203596825","https://openalex.org/W7113562651","https://openalex.org/W4213382559","https://openalex.org/W4403069718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,215],"describes":[2],"the":[3,18,62,69,95,105,145,155,172,217],"use":[4,237],"of":[5,24,64,78,107,131,158,174,179,220],"banana":[6],"peel":[7],"(BPEs)":[8],"and":[9,20,30,55,84,89,124,133,138,163,177,182,193,230],"date":[10],"seed":[11],"extracts":[12],"(DSEs)":[13],"as":[14,122,190],"waste":[15,228],"products":[16],"in":[17,115,227],"sustainable":[19],"eco-friendly":[21],"biological":[22],"synthesis":[23,219],"zinc":[25],"oxide":[26],"nanoparticles":[27],"(ZnONPs).":[28],"ZnONPs_BPE":[29,132,159,196,233],"ZnONPs_DSE":[31,120,134,164,208],"were":[32,81],"characterized":[33],"using":[34,141,152,222],"an":[35],"ultraviolet-visible":[36],"spectrophotometer":[37],"(UV-VIS),":[38],"Scanning":[39],"(SEM),":[40],"transmission":[41],"electron":[42],"microscope":[43],"(TEM),":[44],"X-ray":[45],"diffraction":[46],"(XRD),":[47],"dynamic":[48],"light":[49],"scattering":[50],"(DLS),":[51],"zeta":[52,156],"potential":[53,157],"analysis,":[54],"Fourier":[56],"transform":[57],"infrared":[58],"(FTIR)":[59],"spectroscopy.":[60],"Moreover,":[61],"biocompatibility":[63],"ZnONPs":[65,186,221],"was":[66,135,150],"analyzed":[67],"against":[68],"normal":[70],"human":[71],"skin":[72],"fibroblast":[73],"(HSF)":[74],"cell":[75],"line.":[76],"Peaks":[77],"UV":[79],"spectra":[80],"300":[82],"nm":[83,86,137,140],"400":[85],"for":[87,90,238],"ZnONPs-BPE":[88],"ZnONP":[91],"_DSE,":[92],"respectively,":[93],"confirming":[94],"ZnONPs\u2019":[96],"formation.":[97],"XRD":[98],"revealed":[99],"their":[100,147],"hexagonal":[101],"structure.":[102],"SEM":[103],"showed":[104],"nanocrystals":[106],"ZnONPs_BPE,":[108],"which":[109],"are":[110],"interlinked":[111],"to":[112,236],"one":[113],"another":[114],"a":[116],"uniform":[117],"shape,":[118],"while":[119],"appear":[121],"large":[123],"small":[125],"chunky":[126],"crystals.":[127],"The":[128,168,213],"mean":[129,148],"size":[130,149],"50":[136],"62":[139],"TEM,":[142],"respectively.":[143],"On":[144],"contrary,":[146],"bigger":[151],"DLS":[153],"with":[154],"=":[160,165,210],"\u221212.7":[161],"mV":[162],"\u22125.69":[166],"mV.":[167],"FTIR":[169],"analysis":[170],"demonstrated":[171],"presence":[173],"carboxyl,":[175],"hydroxyl,":[176],"C\u2013H":[178],"cellulose,":[180],"hemicelluloses,":[181],"lignin":[183],"polymers":[184],"on":[185,204],"surfaces":[187],"that":[188,224],"act":[189],"reducing,":[191],"capping,":[192],"stabilizing":[194],"agents.":[195],"(IC50":[197,209],">":[198],"100)":[199],"have":[200],"lower":[201],"cytotoxic":[202],"effects":[203],"HSF":[205],"cells":[206],"than":[207],"29.34":[211],"\u03bcg/mL).":[212],"present":[214],"indicates":[216],"successful":[218],"agro-wastes":[223],"could":[225],"help":[226],"management":[229],"recycling.":[231],"Furthermore,":[232],"is":[234],"safe":[235],"further":[239],"applications.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-06-23T00:00:00"}
