{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381549933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","title":"Optimization of plant density and fertilizer application to improve biofortified common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield on Nitisols of South-Kivu, Eastern D.R. Congo","display_name":"Optimization of plant density and fertilizer application to improve biofortified common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield on Nitisols of South-Kivu, Eastern D.R. Congo","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381549933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37408887","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10319197"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844023045012/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844023045012/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046958795","display_name":"Patient M. Zamukulu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6210-0398","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6210-0398"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique","ror":"https://ror.org/0306pcd50","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}],"countries":["CD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patient M. Zamukulu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","Institut Sup\u00e9rieur d'Etudes Agronomiques et V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires (ISEAV), Walungu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6210-0398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur d'Etudes Agronomiques et V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires (ISEAV), Walungu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063189744","display_name":"Espoir Mukengere Bagula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8237-9100","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8237-9100"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095543","display_name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural","ror":"https://ror.org/00pdgtx79","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095543"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique","ror":"https://ror.org/0306pcd50","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}],"countries":["CD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Espoir M. Bagula","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural (ISDR), Uvira, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural (ISDR), Uvira, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001967379","display_name":"Jean Mubalama Mondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7197-6551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7197-6551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique","ror":"https://ror.org/0306pcd50","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}],"countries":["CD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean M. Mondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016753826","display_name":"G\u00e9ant Basimine Chuma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9023-2395","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9023-2395"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","display_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","ror":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique","ror":"https://ror.org/0306pcd50","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}],"countries":["BE","CD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00e9ant B. Chuma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Doctorale d'Agro\u00e9cologie et Science du Climat du consortium UEA-UCB-UOB-UCG, D.R. Congo","Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","Laplec-UR SPHERES, Department of Geography, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Doctorale d'Agro\u00e9cologie et Science du Climat du consortium UEA-UCB-UOB-UCG, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laplec-UR SPHERES, Department of Geography, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043013849","display_name":"Francine B. Safina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7987-7259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7987-7259"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique","ror":"https://ror.org/0306pcd50","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}],"countries":["CD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francine B. Safina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Doctorale d'Agro\u00e9cologie et Science du Climat du consortium UEA-UCB-UOB-UCG, D.R. Congo","Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Doctorale d'Agro\u00e9cologie et Science du Climat du consortium UEA-UCB-UOB-UCG, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047170355","display_name":"Thierry Heri Cishesa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thierry H. Cishesa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Sup\u00e9rieur d'Etudes Agronomiques et V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires (ISEAV), Walungu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur d'Etudes Agronomiques et V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires (ISEAV), Walungu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090571133","display_name":"Anicet B. Kavange","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095543","display_name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural","ror":"https://ror.org/00pdgtx79","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095543"]}],"countries":["CD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anicet B. Kavange","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural (ISDR), Shabunda, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural (ISDR), Shabunda, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024900532","display_name":"Dieumerci Roosevelt Masumbuko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095543","display_name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural","ror":"https://ror.org/00pdgtx79","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095543"]}],"countries":["CD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dieumerci R. Masumbuko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural (ISDR), Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de D\u00e9veloppement Rural (ISDR), Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039363331","display_name":"Josu\u00e9 W. Kazadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267980","display_name":"HarvestPlus","ror":"https://ror.org/058hemb76","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267980"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josu\u00e9 W. Kazadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIAT-HarvestPlus Project, P.O. Box 1860, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIAT-HarvestPlus Project, P.O. Box 1860, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267980"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112474198","display_name":"Gustave Nachigera Mushagalusa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique","ror":"https://ror.org/0306pcd50","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}],"countries":["CD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustave N. Mushagalusa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018716945","display_name":"Antoine Kanyenga Lubobo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0806-9304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0806-9304"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134231150","display_name":"University of Lubumbashi","ror":"https://ror.org/01mn7k054","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134231150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique","ror":"https://ror.org/0306pcd50","country_code":"CD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267980","display_name":"HarvestPlus","ror":"https://ror.org/058hemb76","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267980"]}],"countries":["CD","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoine K. Lubobo","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIAT-HarvestPlus Project, P.O. Box 1860, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","Faculty of Agronomy, University of Lubumbashi (UNILU), P. O. Box 1825, Lubumbashi, D.R. Congo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIAT-HarvestPlus Project, P.O. Box 1860, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267980"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universit\u00e9 Evang\u00e9lique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agronomy, University of Lubumbashi (UNILU), P. O. Box 1825, Lubumbashi, D.R. Congo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134231150"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046958795"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125530"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2100},"fwci":2.13,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86095348,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"6","first_page":"e17293","last_page":"e17293"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.043699998408555984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11418","display_name":"Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects","score":0.010200000368058681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-bean","display_name":"Phaseolus vulgaris","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-density","display_name":"plant density","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/npk-fertilizer","display_name":"NPK fertilizer","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield-components","display_name":"yield components","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomic-efficiency","display_name":"agronomic efficiency","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitisols","display_name":"Nitisols","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-nutrient-depletion","display_name":"soil nutrient depletion","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-kivu","display_name":"South Kivu","score":0.7210000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.7826485633850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6408887505531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776286235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310438","display_name":"Phaseolus","level":2,"score":0.6170895099639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5880324840545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5474210977554321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13558536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785116","display_name":"Cropping","level":3,"score":0.4920494258403778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.46298471093177795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63651461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13106250","display_name":"Tropical agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4508667588233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4492890536785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4441644847393036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991904373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102346249","display_name":"Plant density","level":3,"score":0.42282089591026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992211155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Grain yield","level":2,"score":0.4129684567451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.34113824367523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.1271790862083435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844023045012/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4371872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4371872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4371872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10319197","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10319197","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10319197/pdf/main.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37408887","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37408887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/304212","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/304212","pdf_url":"https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/304212/1/1-s2.0-S2405844023045012-main.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400651","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Li\u00e8ge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","host_organization_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon (2023)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:84831c858e8040cb940fdb1223568914","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/84831c858e8040cb940fdb1223568914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 6, Pp e17293- (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844023045012/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381549933.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381549933.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W174842903","https://openalex.org/W1492295037","https://openalex.org/W2000956454","https://openalex.org/W2040315802","https://openalex.org/W2094936808","https://openalex.org/W2122323063","https://openalex.org/W2157319574","https://openalex.org/W2222702172","https://openalex.org/W2270014343","https://openalex.org/W2276808396","https://openalex.org/W2341787750","https://openalex.org/W2522047906","https://openalex.org/W2552320461","https://openalex.org/W2558465147","https://openalex.org/W2594863087","https://openalex.org/W2613998220","https://openalex.org/W2614556263","https://openalex.org/W2770037361","https://openalex.org/W2784436803","https://openalex.org/W2791394518","https://openalex.org/W2804005076","https://openalex.org/W2886012629","https://openalex.org/W2889544845","https://openalex.org/W2945653824","https://openalex.org/W2946392889","https://openalex.org/W2949475320","https://openalex.org/W2979487297","https://openalex.org/W2995394214","https://openalex.org/W2995802453","https://openalex.org/W3002021279","https://openalex.org/W3003586371","https://openalex.org/W3014042059","https://openalex.org/W3033685349","https://openalex.org/W3040471716","https://openalex.org/W3067240784","https://openalex.org/W3081827286","https://openalex.org/W3087365551","https://openalex.org/W3095968965","https://openalex.org/W3127637975","https://openalex.org/W3160189454","https://openalex.org/W3194900869","https://openalex.org/W4206261791","https://openalex.org/W4231481400","https://openalex.org/W4304208589","https://openalex.org/W4316096479","https://openalex.org/W4320517676","https://openalex.org/W4322754126","https://openalex.org/W7165675648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4323340249","https://openalex.org/W3082925935","https://openalex.org/W4408596697","https://openalex.org/W2522047906","https://openalex.org/W2886012629","https://openalex.org/W4281769193","https://openalex.org/W2613998220","https://openalex.org/W3044859264","https://openalex.org/W4386585985","https://openalex.org/W7116924397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0],"nutrient":[1],"depletion":[2],"and":[3,43,49,53,59,70,81,103,135,205,231],"poor":[4],"farming":[5],"practices":[6],"are":[7],"serious":[8],"challenges":[9],"limiting":[10],"crop":[11],"productivity":[12],"in":[13,28,85,114],"soils":[14],"of":[15,20,36,62,116,249],"the":[16,34,57,146,156,191,194,220,225,247],"eastern":[17,250],"Democratic":[18],"Republic":[19],"Congo":[21],"(D.R.":[22],"Congo).":[23],"An":[24],"experiment":[25,73],"was":[26,119,188],"conducted":[27],"two":[29,75,78],"cropping":[30],"seasons":[31],"to":[32,128,175,239],"assess":[33],"effect":[35],"plant":[37,76,100,157,166,178,208,221,226],"density":[38,167,179,209,222],"(25":[39],"plants":[40,45],"m":[41,46],"2":[42,47],"33":[44],")":[48,125,134,172,204],"fertilizer":[50,79,104,144,230],"application":[51],"(with":[52],"without":[54],"NPK)":[55],"on":[56,164,198,206,244],"yield":[58,60,96,118,148,152,161],"components":[61],"three":[63,82,91],"biofortified":[64],"common":[65,241],"bean":[66,242],"varieties":[67,83,234],"(HM21-7,":[68],"RWR2245":[69,136,199],"RWR2154).":[71],"The":[72,110,142],"involved":[74],"densities,":[77],"rates":[80],"arranged":[84],"a":[86],"split-split":[87],"plot":[88],"design":[89],"with":[90,99,155,193,236],"replications.":[92],"Results":[93],"showed":[94],"that":[95,218],"significantly":[97],"varied":[98],"density,":[101,158],"variety":[102,113],"rate":[105],"(":[106],"p":[107],"<":[108],"0.05).":[109],"best":[111],"performing":[112],"terms":[115],"grain":[117,147,160],"HM21-7":[120],"(1.5":[121],"t":[122,131,138,169,181],"ha":[123,132,139,170,182],"\u22121":[124,133,140,171,183,203,213],"as":[126,173],"compared":[127,174],"RWR2154":[129],"(1.09":[130],"(1.14":[137],").":[141,184,214],"NPK":[143,229],"increased":[145,153],"by":[149,190,223],"38.2%.":[150],"Grain":[151],"also":[154],"highest":[159,195],"being":[162],"recorded":[163],"higher":[165],"(1.37":[168],"low":[176],"lower":[177],"(1.25":[180],"Agronomic":[185],"efficiency":[186],"(AE)":[187],"influenced":[189],"variety,":[192],"AE":[196],"obtained":[197],"(23.27":[200],"kg":[201,202,211,212],"high":[207,232],"(20.34":[210],"Therefore,":[215],"we":[216],"concluded":[217],"increasing":[219],"reducing":[224],"spacing,":[227],"using":[228],"yielding":[233],"provide":[235],"an":[237],"opportunity":[238],"improving":[240],"yields":[243],"Nitisols":[245],"dominating":[246],"highlands":[248],"D.R.":[251],"Congo.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-06-22T00:00:00"}
