{"id":"https://openalex.org/W43806004","doi":null,"title":"Reasoning about student knowledge and reasoning","display_name":"Reasoning about student knowledge and reasoning","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W43806004","mag":"43806004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.139.879","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.139.879","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dli.iiit.ac.in/ijcai/IJCAI-91-VOL2/PDF/070.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W43806004"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105775397","display_name":"Luigia Carlucci Aiello","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigia Carlucci Aiello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Roma, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Roma, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013807767","display_name":"Marta Cialdea Mayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-4922","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-4922"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marta Cialdea Mayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Roma, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-4922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Roma, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075651762","display_name":"Daniele Nardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6606-200X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6606-200X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Nardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Roma, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universit\u00e0 di Roma \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Roma, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3604,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59952005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"1087","last_page":"1093"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-tutoring-systems","display_name":"intelligent tutoring systems","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-order-logic","display_name":"first-order logic","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-programming","display_name":"logic programming","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/declarative-representation","display_name":"declarative representation","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-reasoning","display_name":"student reasoning","score":0.5249999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8157331347465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.7023831605911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128838566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275603","display_name":"Logic programming","level":2,"score":0.5411980748176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5266803503036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.526004433631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5253426432609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.5046576261520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5013394355773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.46550968289375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4642874002456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.36324048042297363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.33659762144088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33341675996780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.139.879","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.139.879","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dli.iiit.ac.in/ijcai/IJCAI-91-VOL2/PDF/070.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma3.it:11590/115152","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11590/115152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196120","display_name":"Iris (Roma Tre University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","host_organization_name":"Roma Tre University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma3.it:11590/177114","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11590/177114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196120","display_name":"Iris (Roma Tre University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","host_organization_name":"Roma Tre University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"mag:43806004","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ijcai.org/Proceedings/91-2/Papers/070.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419999","display_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6164000034332275,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W284157346","https://openalex.org/W1541158968","https://openalex.org/W1966935808","https://openalex.org/W1998696323","https://openalex.org/W2031994808","https://openalex.org/W2033167817","https://openalex.org/W2034049000","https://openalex.org/W2125692076","https://openalex.org/W2279055452","https://openalex.org/W2989195476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2204123426","https://openalex.org/W2435867423","https://openalex.org/W7100099032","https://openalex.org/W2524316287","https://openalex.org/W101751489","https://openalex.org/W7020984229","https://openalex.org/W105917710","https://openalex.org/W4292154999","https://openalex.org/W2547844728","https://openalex.org/W1544720485"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"basic":[1],"feature":[2],"of":[3,25,43,46,55,68,98,110],"Intelligent":[4],"Tutoring":[5],"Systems":[6],"(ITS)":[7],"is":[8],"their":[9],"ability":[10],"to":[11,19,64,73,118],"represent":[12],"domain":[13],"knowledge":[14,47,112],"that":[15,89,113],"can":[16,90],"be":[17,91,119],"attributed":[18],"the":[20,26,41,50,53,56,66,96,106,111,114,122],"student":[21,57],"at":[22],"each":[23],"stage":[24],"learning":[27],"process.":[28],"In":[29,102],"this":[30,44],"paper":[31],"we":[32,84,104],"present":[33],"a":[34,75,79,99],"general":[35],"(first":[36],"order":[37],"logic)":[38],"framework":[39],"for":[40],"representation":[42,107],"kind":[45],"acquired":[48],"by":[49,94,121],"system":[51,115],"through":[52],"analysis":[54],"answers.":[58],"This":[59],"represantation":[60],"makes":[61],"it":[62],"possible":[63],"describe":[65],"behaviour":[67],"well":[69],"known":[70],"ITSs":[71],"and":[72,108],"provide":[74],"direct":[76],"implementation":[77],"in":[78],"logic":[80],"programming":[81],"language.":[82],"Moreover,":[83],"point":[85],"out":[86],"several":[87],"improvements":[88],"easily":[92],"achieved":[93],"exploiting":[95],"features":[97],"declarative":[100],"approach.":[101],"particular,":[103],"address":[105],"use":[109],"knows":[116],"not":[117],"possessed":[120],"student.":[123],"1":[124]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
