{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380485685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441","title":"Identifying ESG Trends of International Container Shipping Companies Using Semantic Network Analysis and Multiple Case Theory","display_name":"Identifying ESG Trends of International Container Shipping Companies Using Semantic Network Analysis and Multiple Case Theory","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380485685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15129441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9441/pdf?version=1686570662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9441/pdf?version=1686570662","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731700","display_name":"Jeongmin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-6962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-6962"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197867492","display_name":"Korea Maritime and Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v7y5b55","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799698112","display_name":"Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q61bm94","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799698112"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeongmin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Convergence Interdisciplinary Education of Maritime & Ocean Contents (Logistics System), Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea","Ocean Technology Training Team, Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology, Busan 48562, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Convergence Interdisciplinary Education of Maritime & Ocean Contents (Logistics System), Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean Technology Training Team, Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology, Busan 48562, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799698112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092155620","display_name":"Jinwoo Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197867492","display_name":"Korea Maritime and Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v7y5b55","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799698112","display_name":"Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q61bm94","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799698112"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Convergence Interdisciplinary Education of Maritime & Ocean Contents (Logistics System), Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea","Ocean Technology Training Team, Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology, Busan 48562, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Convergence Interdisciplinary Education of Maritime & Ocean Contents (Logistics System), Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean Technology Training Team, Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology, Busan 48562, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799698112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406178","display_name":"Chang-Hee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-871X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-871X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197867492","display_name":"Korea Maritime and Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v7y5b55","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changhee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Navigation Convergence Studies, College of Maritime Sciences, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-871X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Navigation Convergence Studies, College of Maritime Sciences, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112678694","display_name":"Yul-Seong Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197867492","display_name":"Korea Maritime and Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v7y5b55","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulseong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Logistics, College of Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Logistics, College of Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100406178"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":6.0379,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95790227,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"12","first_page":"9441","last_page":"9441"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.4975999891757965,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.4975999891757965,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12126","display_name":"Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency","score":0.11110000312328339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14453","display_name":"Sustainability and Innovation in Business","score":0.06289999932050705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esg-management","display_name":"ESG management","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container-shipping-companies","display_name":"container shipping companies","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liner-shipping","display_name":"liner shipping","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability-reports","display_name":"sustainability reports","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadruple-helix","display_name":"quadruple helix","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maritime-environmental-regulation","display_name":"maritime environmental regulation","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-competitiveness","display_name":"international competitiveness","score":0.5609999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7775673866271973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.6205944418907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.4653872549533844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778431023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878249","display_name":"Alliance","level":2,"score":0.4641396403312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.4330425560474396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141261163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218600","display_name":"Corporate social responsibility","level":2,"score":0.42478081583976746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4178842604160309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.35861119627952576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.18387240171432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.10178482532501221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15129441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9441/pdf?version=1686570662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9441-:d:1169290","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9441/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15129441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129441","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9441/pdf?version=1686570662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.49000000953674316}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322011","display_name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5s4a53"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380485685.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380485685.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988183975","https://openalex.org/W2011732458","https://openalex.org/W2064891581","https://openalex.org/W2117846280","https://openalex.org/W2298988387","https://openalex.org/W2322692960","https://openalex.org/W2475878920","https://openalex.org/W2496717212","https://openalex.org/W2621343595","https://openalex.org/W2886052012","https://openalex.org/W2907459601","https://openalex.org/W2945872583","https://openalex.org/W2954572506","https://openalex.org/W2981471603","https://openalex.org/W2997504771","https://openalex.org/W3039419186","https://openalex.org/W3053088928","https://openalex.org/W3111644277","https://openalex.org/W3197944305","https://openalex.org/W3208473847","https://openalex.org/W4210606654","https://openalex.org/W4214933348","https://openalex.org/W4220821975","https://openalex.org/W4224254447","https://openalex.org/W4224869314","https://openalex.org/W4225856990","https://openalex.org/W4229037681","https://openalex.org/W4238276938","https://openalex.org/W4308744691","https://openalex.org/W4365509352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7154223335","https://openalex.org/W4395682970","https://openalex.org/W4405735105","https://openalex.org/W4402009506","https://openalex.org/W4285501752","https://openalex.org/W4410246402","https://openalex.org/W7046937581","https://openalex.org/W4414661884","https://openalex.org/W7127564833","https://openalex.org/W4416902746"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Strengthened":[0],"International":[1],"Maritime":[2],"Organization":[3],"environmental":[4,11],"regulations,":[5],"the":[6,35,56,94,129,138,151,178],"Poseidon":[7],"principles,":[8],"and":[9,21,52,125,159,169,186],"other":[10],"changes":[12],"require":[13],"shipping":[14,40,63,84,143,194],"companies":[15,69,195],"to":[16,33,48,90,103,136,177,196],"expand":[17],"their":[18],"Environmental,":[19],"Social,":[20],"Governance":[22],"(ESG)":[23],"investments.":[24],"ESG":[25,59,76,96,122,139,147,166],"management":[26,60,123,140,172],"is":[27,74],"evolving":[28],"as":[29],"an":[30,75],"essential":[31],"requirement":[32],"enhance":[34],"competitiveness":[36],"of":[37,58,141],"global":[38,198],"liner":[39],"companies.":[41,64],"Under":[42],"these":[43],"circumstances,":[44],"this":[45],"study":[46,116],"aims":[47],"provide":[49],"policy":[50],"guidelines":[51],"future":[53],"directions":[54,189],"for":[55,100,157],"development":[57,181],"in":[61,79,150],"Korean":[62,142,193],"Accordingly,":[65],"we":[66,92,118],"selected":[67],"four":[68,109],"under":[70],"THE":[71],"Alliance,":[72],"which":[73],"standard":[77],"leader":[78],"shipping.":[80],"Based":[81,112],"on":[82,113],"each":[83,120],"company\u2019s":[85,121],"sustainability":[86,106],"reports":[87],"from":[88],"2019":[89],"2021,":[91],"analyzed":[93],"major":[95],"performance":[97],"factors":[98,185],"required":[99],"a":[101,164],"company":[102],"achieve":[104],"its":[105],"goals,":[107],"developing":[108],"research":[110],"questions.":[111],"multiple":[114],"case":[115],"theory,":[117],"compared":[119],"status":[124],"main":[126],"characteristics":[127],"using":[128],"quadruple":[130],"helix":[131],"model,":[132],"proposing":[133,187],"three":[134],"measures":[135],"improve":[137],"companies:":[144],"1.":[145],"Cultivate":[146],"experts":[148],"specialized":[149],"maritime":[152,179],"field;":[153],"2.":[154],"Strengthen":[155],"support":[156],"small-":[158],"medium-sized":[160],"companies;":[161],"3.":[162],"Construct":[163],"maritime-specialized":[165],"evaluation":[167],"system":[168],"introduce":[170],"voluntary":[171],"culture.":[173],"Our":[174],"findings":[175],"contribute":[176],"industry\u2019s":[180],"by":[182],"identifying":[183],"necessary":[184],"improvement":[188],"that":[190],"will":[191],"help":[192],"secure":[197],"competitiveness.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-21T09:56:26.102985","created_date":"2023-06-14T00:00:00"}
