{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380148960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","title":"PROFITABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS OF PERI-URBAN VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA","display_name":"PROFITABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS OF PERI-URBAN VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380148960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","pdf_url":"http://njaat.atbu.edu.ng/index.php/njaat/article/download/472/412","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736325","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","issn_l":"2811-1885","issn":["2811-1885","2811-1893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://njaat.atbu.edu.ng/index.php/njaat/article/download/472/412","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092131821","display_name":"J. Z. Saras","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saras, J. Z.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Economics , Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria- Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Economics , Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria- Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027110155","display_name":"Y. U. Oladimeji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-3488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-3488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oladimeji, Y. U.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Economics , Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria- Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Economics , Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria- Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066378517","display_name":"A. A. Sani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sani, A. A.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development , Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria- Nigeria","Department of Agricultural Economics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development , Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria- Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Economics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112102655","display_name":"R. Suleiman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suleiman, R.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5313,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84972241,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"230","last_page":"239"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.3440000116825104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.3440000116825104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12253","display_name":"Urban Agriculture and Sustainability","score":0.227400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.11990000307559967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-profitability","display_name":"farm profitability","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production-constraints","display_name":"production constraints","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-profit-frontier","display_name":"stochastic profit frontier","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-farm-income","display_name":"net farm income","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomato-cultivation","display_name":"tomato cultivation","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertilizer-costs","display_name":"fertilizer costs","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-costs","display_name":"fuel costs","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-costs","display_name":"labor costs","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pest-and-disease-incidence","display_name":"pest and disease incidence","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kaduna-state","display_name":"Kaduna State","score":0.9350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6372891664505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.6327600479125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129361004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2470236","display_name":"Profitability index","level":2,"score":0.5826243758201599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778869765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6028363","display_name":"Inefficiency","level":2,"score":0.5737285614013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5552074909210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.5453885793685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.5324528813362122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139134214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3652044","display_name":"Multistage sampling","level":2,"score":0.46511179208755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.44989413022994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.42534133791923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.38857677578926086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3356046974658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3037203550338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.29807740449905396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.15735474228858948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.11082720756530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08742702007293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.07478052377700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","pdf_url":"http://njaat.atbu.edu.ng/index.php/njaat/article/download/472/412","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736325","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","issn_l":"2811-1885","issn":["2811-1885","2811-1893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.njaat.atbu.edu.ng:article/472","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://njaat.com.ng/index.php/njaat/article/view/472","pdf_url":"https://njaat.com.ng/index.php/njaat/article/download/472/412","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736325","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","issn_l":"2811-1885","issn":["2811-1885","2811-1893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.59331/njaat.v3i1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v3i1.472","pdf_url":"http://njaat.atbu.edu.ng/index.php/njaat/article/download/472/412","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736325","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","issn_l":"2811-1885","issn":["2811-1885","2811-1893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7257999777793884,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.41670000553131104,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380148960.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4380148960.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2584857428","https://openalex.org/W2766536395","https://openalex.org/W2992994045","https://openalex.org/W2995143817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3138262062","https://openalex.org/W6912390287","https://openalex.org/W3196687216","https://openalex.org/W4200097891","https://openalex.org/W184444309","https://openalex.org/W1594009840","https://openalex.org/W2118272310","https://openalex.org/W2064802033","https://openalex.org/W7222801026","https://openalex.org/W6930948689"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"human":[1],"nutrition,":[2],"vegetables":[3,18],"are":[4,200,233],"an":[5],"essential":[6],"protective":[7],"food":[8],"containing":[9],"vitamins":[10],"and":[11,19,28,77,107,124,186,217,248,252,273,278],"minerals,":[12],"any":[13],"balanced":[14],"diet":[15],"should":[16,276],"include":[17],"fruits":[20],"for":[21,49,68,181],"this":[22,50,69],"reason.":[23],"The":[24,111,131,172],"study":[25,51,265],"assesses":[26],"profitability":[27],"constraints":[29,258],"of":[30,44,99,104,118,133,158,174,192,211,223,246,250,285],"peri-urban":[31],"vegetable":[32,66,149,167,198,261,281],"production":[33,94],"in":[34,55,63,140,263],"Kaduna":[35],"State,":[36],"Nigeria.":[37],"Primary":[38],"data":[39],"collected":[40],"with":[41,102,239],"the":[42,87,96,115,145,155,163,179,205,209,255,264,280],"aid":[43],"structured":[45],"questionnaire":[46],"were":[47,83,128,254],"used":[48,62,84],"through":[52,283],"farm":[53,74,286],"survey":[54],"2018.":[56],"A":[57],"multistage":[58],"sampling":[59],"procedure":[60],"was":[61,90,184,215],"selecting":[64],"217":[65],"farmers":[67,199,227,262],"study.":[70],"Descriptive":[71],"statistics,":[72],"net":[73],"income":[75],"(NFI)":[76],"stochastic":[78],"profit":[79,98,146,164,202,235],"frontier":[80],"regression":[81],"model":[82,176],"to":[85],"analyze":[86],"data.":[88],"It":[89,267],"revealed":[91],"that":[92,103,114,136,178,196,226],"tomatoes":[93],"has":[95],"highest":[97],"N145,580.7":[100],"compared":[101],"cucumber":[105],"N112,992.7":[106],"cabbage":[108],"N78,450.3,":[109],"respectively.":[110],"result":[112],"showed":[113,177],"estimated":[116,156],"coefficients":[117],"(-0.342),":[119],"agrochemical":[120],"(-0216),":[121],"fuel":[122,159],"(0.906)":[123,170],"fixed":[125],"cost":[126,142,160,245],"(0.233)":[127],"statistically":[129,187,218],"significant.":[130],"coefficient":[132,157,180,210],"fertilizer":[134,141],"implies":[135,195],"a":[137,289],"1%":[138,190,221],"increase":[139,162],"will":[143,161],"decrease":[144],"made":[147,165],"from":[148,166],"enterprise":[150],"by":[151,169,260],"-0.342":[152],"units.":[153,171],"Furthermore,":[154],"enter":[168],"results":[173],"inefficiency":[175],"age":[182],"(0.024)":[183],"positive":[185],"significant":[188,219],"at":[189,220,288],"level":[191,222],"probability":[193,224],"which":[194],"younger":[197],"more":[201,234],"efficient":[203,236],"than":[204,237],"older":[206],"ones.":[207],"Conversely,":[208],"household":[212,231],"size":[213],"(-0.027)":[214],"negative":[216],"implying":[225],"who":[228],"have":[229],"large":[230],"sizes":[232],"those":[238],"few.":[240],"Unstable":[241],"market":[242],"price,":[243],"high":[244],"labour":[247],"incidence":[249],"pest":[251],"disease":[253],"most":[256],"critical":[257],"faced":[259],"area.":[266],"is":[268],"recommended":[269],"that;":[270],"agribusiness":[271],"industries":[272],"non-governmental":[274],"organization":[275],"encourage":[277],"support":[279],"famers":[282],"provision":[284],"inputs":[287],"subsidies":[290],"rate.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-06-11T00:00:00"}