{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379433656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/see.2009.0087","title":"The Lone Wolf and the Bear: Three Centuries of Chechen D\u00e9fiance of Russian Rule by Moshe Gammer (review)","display_name":"The Lone Wolf and the Bear: Three Centuries of Chechen D\u00e9fiance of Russian Rule by Moshe Gammer (review)","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379433656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/see.2009.0087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/see.2009.0087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/see.2009.0087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/see.2009.0087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98503977","display_name":"The Slavonic and East European Review","issn_l":"0037-6795","issn":["0037-6795","2222-4327"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320442","host_organization_name":"Maney Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320442"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Maney Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Slavonic and East European Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. Vaughn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Vaughn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"2","first_page":"363","last_page":"364"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11070","display_name":"Soviet and Russian History","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11070","display_name":"Soviet and Russian History","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10376","display_name":"Suicide and Self-Harm Studies","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13086","display_name":"Post-Soviet Geopolitical Dynamics","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chechen-resistance","display_name":"Chechen resistance","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russian-empire","display_name":"Russian Empire","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caucasian-war","display_name":"Caucasian War","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caucasian-cossacks","display_name":"Caucasian Cossacks","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russian-colonialism","display_name":"Russian colonialism","score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caucasus","display_name":"Caucasus","score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicholas-ii","display_name":"Nicholas II","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alexander-ii-of-russia","display_name":"Alexander II","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prison-suicide","display_name":"prison suicide","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russian-autocracy","display_name":"Russian autocracy","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chechens","display_name":"Chechens","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-the-caucasus","display_name":"Caucasus history","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/19th-century","display_name":"19th century","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/20th-century","display_name":"20th century","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russian-national-character","display_name":"Russian national character","score":0.41999998688697815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.46701982617378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.3510018587112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.33005523681640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3259153664112091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.31916242837905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23895540833473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.21368181705474854}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/see.2009.0087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/see.2009.0087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/see.2009.0087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98503977","display_name":"The Slavonic and East European Review","issn_l":"0037-6795","issn":["0037-6795","2222-4327"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320442","host_organization_name":"Maney Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320442"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Maney Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Slavonic and East European Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4379424845","https://openalex.org/W3023691515","https://openalex.org/W1519410754","https://openalex.org/W2113323924","https://openalex.org/W1533155938","https://openalex.org/W7214739187","https://openalex.org/W2280409230","https://openalex.org/W7052160323","https://openalex.org/W7215284271","https://openalex.org/W2801283653"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"REVIEWS":[0],"363":[1],"NizhniiNovgorodprovincial":[2],"archivewhichincreasing":[3],"numbersofWestern":[4],"scholars(including":[5],"the":[6,89,108,126,262,268,272,319,342,361,502],"writer":[7],"of":[8,73,101,119,128,207,225,310,495,547],"thisreview)are":[9],"exploring":[10],"to":[11,133,202,284,291,317,328,381,404,492,500,573],"considerable":[12],"advantage.":[13],"In":[14,64],"allthree":[15],"partsofthebook,Morrissey":[16],"explores":[17],"thelinks":[18],"(or'nexus'-":[19],"her":[20],"preferred":[21],"term)betweensuicideand":[22],"manyothersocialphenomena.These":[23],"includesuchdiversethemesas":[24],"theduel":[25],"as":[26,96,116,130,172,409,444],"ritualized":[27],"suicide,thegenderof":[28],"suicides,":[29],"thepolitics":[30],"ofsocialorder,the'foreignness'":[31],"ofsuicideas":[32],"an":[33,97,173,197,313,367,481,569],"'English":[34],"disease'":[35],"(p.":[36,159,165,177],"71),":[37],"churchattitudes,":[38],"vodka":[39],"and":[40,49,84,122,171,188,201,254,267,322,455,478,533],"drunkenness,":[41],"gamblingand":[42],"indebtedness,":[43],"domestic":[44],"violence,":[45],"despotism":[46],"atschoolandsuicideamongschool":[47],"children,":[48],"boredom(skuka).":[50],"Some":[51],"consideration":[52],"ofNicholasFs":[53],"paternalisticruleunexpectedly":[54],"highlights":[55],"thetsar'spersonalinterest":[56],"in":[57,87,157,163,251,260,326,339,424,512,523,540,549],"suicideamong":[58],"armyofficers,":[59],"sharedalso":[60],"by":[61],"his":[62],"son,AlexanderII.":[63],"addition,Morrissey":[65],"traces":[66],"andilluminates:":[67],"thecriminal":[68],"regulation":[69],"andlegalcodification":[70],"ofsuicide;":[71],"thedevelopment":[72],"itsstatistical":[74],"studywhich,in":[75],"1882,revealedthat,while":[76],"suicidein":[77,88,208],"Russiashowedan":[78],"upwardtrend,":[79],"ratesremained":[80],"amongthelowest":[81],"inEurope;thegrowth":[82],"ofmedicalintervention":[83],"ofpsychological":[85],"interest":[86],"nineteenth":[90],"century":[91,183],"which,fromthe":[92],"1880sonward,became":[93],"firmly":[94],"established":[95],"objectofmedicalstudy.":[98],"Somewritten":[99],"representations":[100],"suicide":[102,109,129],"are":[103,360],"also":[104],"fruitfully":[105],"considered,among":[106],"them":[107],"note,":[110],"thesentimental":[111],"suicideofKaramzin'sPoorLiza,":[112],"Gogol''s":[113],"Nevskii":[114],"Prospect":[115],"a":[117,131,184,210,243,350,410,422,449,489,496,516],"parody":[118],"romanticsuicide,Tostoi's":[120],"AnnaKarenina,":[121],"Ostrovskii'sThe":[123],"Storm.":[124],"Here":[125],"idea":[127],"pathwayfromsin":[132],"insanity,":[134],"or":[135,520],"from":[136],"crimeto":[137],"socialproblemis":[138],"rejectedin":[139],"favourofthecultural":[140],"politicsof":[141],"selfdestruction":[142],".":[143],"Thisemphasis":[144],"emerges":[145],"with":[146,366],"particular":[147],"clarity":[148],"inPartThreewhere":[149],"suicideislinked":[150],"withrevolution":[151],"through":[152],"thesuggestion":[153],"thattheprisonsuicide":[154],"'enactedtherevolutionary":[155],"struggle":[156,347],"microcosm'":[158],"276),typically":[160],"affirming":[161],"'dignity":[162],"thefaceofrepression'":[164],"279),and":[166],"theprisoners'":[167],"'ultimate":[168],"expressionoftheir":[169],"ownautonomy":[170],"indictment":[174],"ofthepolitics":[175],"ofautocracy'":[176],"281).Morrissey":[178],"finds":[179],"thatthesuiciderateincreasedafter1905,especially":[180],"amongtheyoung;itbecamein":[181],"theearlytwentieth":[182],"highly":[185],"political":[186],"act":[187],"bythelate":[189],"1920san":[190],"anti-Soviet":[191],"act.":[192],"This":[193],"eruditeand":[194],"penetrating":[195],"studyrepresents":[196],"excellentcontribution":[198],"bothto":[199],"Russiansocialhistory":[200],"thegrowing":[203],"literature":[204],"on":[205,237,246,414,419,476,551],"thehistory":[206],"Europeas":[209],"whole.":[211],"Department":[212],"ofRussian":[213],"Patrick":[214],"O'Meara":[215],"Durham":[216],"University":[217],"Gammer,Moshe.":[218],"TheLoneWolf":[219],"andthe":[220],"Bear:Three":[221],"Centuries":[222],"ofChechen":[223],"D\u00e9fiance":[224],"Russian":[226,269],"Rule.C.":[227],"Hurst&":[228],"Company.London.2006.xviii+":[229],"252pp.Map.":[230],"Glossary.":[231],"Notes.Bibliography.":[232],"Index.\u00a316.95(paperback).":[233],"Moshe":[234],"Gammer's":[235],"research":[236],"theCaucasus":[238],"is":[239,256,316],"wellknown.He":[240],"has":[241,295,402],"authored":[242],"numberofbooksand":[244],"articles":[245],"thesubject,each":[247],"ofwhichhas":[248],"been":[249,515,530],"pioneering":[250],"focusand":[252],"substance,":[253],"thisbook":[255],"no":[257],"lessso.":[258],"Gammercovers":[259],"strongprose":[261],"threecenturiesof":[263],"adversarialrelationsbetweenthe":[264],"Chechen":[265,343,415,506,556],"'wolf":[266],"'bear'":[270],"over":[271],"220":[273],"pages":[274],"herein.From":[275],"364":[276],"SEER,":[277],"87,":[278],"2,":[279],"APRIL":[280],"2OO9":[281],"gazavat":[282],"('holywar')":[283],"gazavate":[285],"theChechenshave":[286],"struggled":[287],"againstRussian":[288],"domination":[289],"up":[290],"thepost-Soviet":[292],"era,whenagain":[293],"thesparkofconflict":[294],"beenallowedtoflourish.":[296],"For":[297],"thosewho":[298],"findthesubjectinteresting,":[299],"Gammer'sexploration":[300],"ofthe":[301,392],"roleofweaponsinChechensociety":[302],"isparticularly":[303],"stimulating.":[304],"Partofbecominga":[305],"man":[306],"forChechenmales,as":[307],"Gammeraccounts,is":[308],"thepersonalization":[309],"theirweapons.Taking":[311],"away":[312],"individual's":[314],"weapons":[315],"destroy":[318],"Chechensoul.Yet,throughout":[320],"history":[321],"muchto":[323],"itsownloss,Russiahas":[324],"persisted":[325],"itsattempts":[327],"disarmvarioussections":[329],"ofChechensociety.":[330],"Prominently":[331],"andperhapsthankfully":[332],"(despite":[333],"thetitle":[334],"ofthebook),Gammer":[335],"does":[336,348,472],"not":[337],"engage":[338],"excessiveromanticism":[340],"about":[341],"movement,":[344],"although":[345],"thequestionofChechnya'severlasting":[346],"beg":[349],"certain":[351],"numberof":[352],"questionswhichare":[353],"necessaryin":[354],"examiningthe":[355],"current":[356,542],"postSovietera":[357],":":[358],"What":[359],"Chechens":[362],"aimingfor?Would":[363],"theybe":[364],"happy":[365],"independent":[368],"state?Wouldthatstatebe":[369],"peaceful?":[370],"Strictly":[371],"accordingto":[372],"contemporary":[373],"issues,on":[374],"thesequestions,Gammer":[375],"paysverylittleattention.":[376],"The":[377,544],"Chechennationalist":[378],"movement's":[379],"attempts":[380],"builda":[382],"secularstate,as":[383],"envisioned":[384],"bythefirst":[385],"President":[386],"ofChechnya,":[387],"Johar":[388],"Dudayev,aregivenonlya":[389],"fewpages.As":[390],"itwas,theChechenrebellion":[391],"1990sturned":[393],"outto":[394],"be":[395,468],"onlya":[396],"brief":[397],"blipon":[398],"theradarofChechen'freedom'.":[399],"Gammerarguesthatin":[400],"recentyearstheChechenstruggle":[401],"returned":[403],"its":[405],"'roots',":[406],"that":[407],"is,":[408],"rebellionagainst":[411],"state":[412],"restrictions":[413],"cultural":[416],"autonomy,":[417],"based":[418],"Islam,as":[420],"opposedto":[421],"rebellion":[423],"favour":[425],"ofa":[426,565],"nationalist":[427],"state.":[428],"Gammerdoes":[429],"notfollowthisup":[430],"extensively,":[431],"however.Unfortunately,":[432],"he":[433],"fails":[434],"tooffer":[435],"anypossible'endgame'diagnosis,":[436],"orindeedany":[437],"basisfor":[438],"finalizing":[439],"theconflict":[440],"thathe":[441],"explainsso":[442],"well,relevant":[443],"itiswithin":[445],"thecontext":[446],"ofthis":[447],"book.As":[448],"history,":[450],"itis":[451],"excellent;":[452],"Gammercharts":[453],"pastrebellions":[454],"societal":[456],"issuescompellingly.":[457],"Nevertheless,":[458],"thetopicnecessarily":[459],"bringsto":[460],"lightthecurrent":[461],"warsofthe":[462],"Caucasus,leavingthereaderto":[463],"wonderhow,ifat":[464],"all,thesituation":[465],"can":[466],"ever":[467],"resolved.Russia":[469],"facesa":[470],"dilemma:ifit":[471],"notinvade,theproblemof":[473],"Chechnyaremains":[474],"right":[475],"itsdoor-step,":[477],"thelikelihood":[479],"ofitsforming":[480],"unpredictable":[482],"stateveryreal.IfRussiadoesinvade,as":[483],"ithas":[484],"alreadydoneso,":[485],"thenitrisks":[486],"publicvilification.":[487],"Such":[488],"policyis":[490],"likely":[491],"result":[493],"inthecontinuation":[494],"conflict":[497],"whichis":[498],"doomed":[499],"perpetuate":[501],"divergent":[503],"pathsof":[504],"Russianand":[505],"culturethathave":[507],"coursedthroughout":[508],"history.":[509],"Also,":[510],"earlyon":[511],"thebook,Gammersuggests":[513],"thatifRussiahad":[514],"little":[517],"more":[518],"constructive,":[519],"even":[521],"'creative',":[522],"itsresponseto":[524],"Chechnya,thenrelations":[525],"betweenthe":[526],"two":[527],"cultureswould":[528],"have":[529],"quite":[531],"different,":[532],"probably":[534],"better.":[535],"Neitheroftheseissuesare":[536],"afforded":[537],"extensive":[538],"investigation":[539],"lightof":[541],"events.":[543],"fundamental":[545],"strength":[546],"Gammer'sstudylies,therefore,":[548],"itscommentary":[550],"thepast(pre-1991)":[552],"relationship":[553],"between":[554],"theRussianand":[555],"cultures.":[557],"Itisan":[558],"excellent":[559],"readon":[560],"thistopic,and":[561],"demonstrates":[562],"writing":[563],"worthy":[564],"championin":[566],"hisfield,":[567],"offering":[568],"essential":[570],"accountofChechensociety's":[571],"resistance":[572],"Russiaoverthecenturies.":[574],"UCL":[575],"SSEES":[576],"J.":[577],"Vaughn":[578],"...":[579]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2023-06-06T00:00:00"}