{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378903263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","title":"COVID-19 farm outbreaks in Ontario, January - December 2020","display_name":"COVID-19 farm outbreaks in Ontario, January - December 2020","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378903263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38414536","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10898618"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","pdf_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218640","display_name":"Canada Communicable Disease Report","issn_l":"1188-4169","issn":["1188-4169","1481-8531"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312968","host_organization_name":"Health Canada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312968"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Health Canada"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canada Communicable Disease Report","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061245299","display_name":"Hetal Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5468-2591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5468-2591","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-5594"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hetal Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054663982","display_name":"Ana Cecilia Ulloa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-8539","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-8539"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125326","display_name":"Public Health Ontario","ror":"https://ror.org/025z8ah66","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Ulloa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090747112","display_name":"Sarah A. Buchan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-8974","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-8974"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125326","display_name":"Public Health Ontario","ror":"https://ror.org/025z8ah66","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Buchan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050228655","display_name":"Mariana Abdulnoor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariana Abdulnoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007833843","display_name":"Jonathan B. Gubbay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-3786","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-3786"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125326","display_name":"Public Health Ontario","ror":"https://ror.org/025z8ah66","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Gubbay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009774735","display_name":"Michelle Murti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-6913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-6913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125326","display_name":"Public Health Ontario","ror":"https://ror.org/025z8ah66","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Murti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061245299"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3529,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47852638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"5","first_page":"206","last_page":"212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12732","display_name":"Agriculture and Farm Safety","score":0.016699999570846558,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.010200000368058681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-workers","display_name":"farm workers","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-transmission","display_name":"seasonal transmission","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-transmission","display_name":"occupational transmission","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymptomatic-infection","display_name":"asymptomatic infection","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontario","display_name":"Ontario","score":0.3880000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.957330584526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.5327264070510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4993598461151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.48259031772613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777910003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707292","display_name":"Asymptomatic","level":2,"score":0.435398131608963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.4055209457874298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.38814979791641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.34827229380607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.335779070854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.17085182666778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.095497727394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.07176607847213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","pdf_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218640","display_name":"Canada Communicable Disease Report","issn_l":"1188-4169","issn":["1188-4169","1481-8531"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312968","host_organization_name":"Health Canada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312968"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Health Canada"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canada Communicable Disease Report","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10898618","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10898618","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10898618/pdf/CCDR-49-206.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Can Commun Dis Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38414536","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38414536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","pdf_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a06","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218640","display_name":"Canada Communicable Disease Report","issn_l":"1188-4169","issn":["1188-4169","1481-8531"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312968","host_organization_name":"Health Canada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312968"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Health Canada"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canada Communicable Disease Report","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.8409000039100647,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378903263.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378903263.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98104674","https://openalex.org/W3080748752","https://openalex.org/W3083320576","https://openalex.org/W3105509079","https://openalex.org/W3126539702","https://openalex.org/W3158844577","https://openalex.org/W4206040176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378904681","https://openalex.org/W4206040176","https://openalex.org/W4307325613","https://openalex.org/W3158844577","https://openalex.org/W3159171712","https://openalex.org/W3126539702","https://openalex.org/W7171558734","https://openalex.org/W3158699600","https://openalex.org/W4365446924","https://openalex.org/W4402223077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Farm":[1,216],"workers":[2],"are":[3,23],"critical":[4],"to":[5,25,66,74],"Ontario's":[6],"food":[7,16],"supply":[8],"chain":[9],"as":[10],"they":[11,22],"grow":[12],"and":[13,52,59,78,97,110,138,159,179,212,224,232],"harvest":[14],"the":[15,37,45,50,86,147,160,180,194,230],"that":[17,157],"Ontario":[18,43,70,126],"relies":[19],"on;":[20],"however,":[21],"subject":[24],"several":[26],"occupation-related":[27],"coronavirus":[28],"disease":[29],"2019":[30],"(COVID-19)":[31],"transmission":[32,223],"risk":[33,106],"factors.":[34],"We":[35],"describe":[36],"epidemiology":[38],"of":[39,49,61,123,131,162,221],"farm":[40,67,95,116],"outbreaks":[41,56,68,117,132,144,217],"in":[42,55,69,125,134,146,165,226,229,236],"over":[44],"first":[46],"calendar":[47],"year":[48],"pandemic":[51],"explore":[53],"trends":[54],"by":[57,92,102],"season":[58],"type":[60,96],"farm.":[62],"Methods:":[63],"Data":[64],"pertaining":[65],"from":[71,85],"January":[72],"1":[73],"December":[75],"31,":[76],"2020,":[77,227],"their":[79],"associated":[80,118],"laboratory-confirmed":[81],"cases":[82,122,176],"were":[83,90,100,114,164,191,207,218],"extracted":[84],"provincial":[87],"database.":[88],"Outbreaks":[89,234],"characterized":[91,101],"size,":[93],"season,":[94],"duration.":[98],"Cases":[99],"age,":[103],"gender,":[104],"medical":[105],"factors,":[107],"clinical":[108],"presentation":[109],"outcomes.":[111],"Results:":[112],"There":[113],"64":[115],"with":[119,152],"2,202":[120],"confirmed":[121],"COVID-19":[124,222],"during":[127,156],"2020.":[128],"The":[129,142,170],"majority":[130,161],"occurred":[133,145],"spring":[135,231],"(n=25,":[136,140],"39.1%)":[137],"fall":[139],"39.1%).":[141],"fewest":[143],"summer":[148,241],"(n=6,":[149],"9.4%),":[150],"corresponding":[151],"low":[153],"community":[154,242],"rates":[155],"time,":[158],"these":[163],"greenhouse":[166,237],"farms":[167,238],"(n=5,":[168],"83.3%).":[169],"median":[171,181,195],"outbreak":[172],"size":[173],"was":[174,183,197],"14.5":[175],"(range:":[177,186],"1-240),":[178],"duration":[182],"23":[184],"days":[185],"0-128).":[187],"Among":[188],"cases,":[189],"most":[190],"male":[192],"(83.2%),":[193],"age":[196],"35":[198],"years,":[199],"10.0%":[200],"had":[201],"one":[202],"or":[203],"more":[204],"comorbidities,":[205],"31.2%":[206],"asymptomatic,":[208],"16":[209],"required":[210],"hospitalization":[211],"three":[213],"died.":[214],"Conclusion:":[215],"a":[219],"source":[220],"illness":[225],"particularly":[228],"fall.":[233],"continued":[235],"despite":[239],"lower":[240],"transmission.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2023-06-01T00:00:00"}