{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377104875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","title":"Potential Role for Stem Cell Regenerative Therapy as a Treatment for Degenerative Disc Disease and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Potential Role for Stem Cell Regenerative Therapy as a Treatment for Degenerative Disc Disease and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377104875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37240236","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10219191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijms24108893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/8893/pdf?version=1684315018","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10623703","display_name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","issn_l":"1422-0067","issn":["1422-0067","1661-6596"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/8893/pdf?version=1684315018","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079278627","display_name":"Khadija H. Soufi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6268-2818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6268-2818"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160527","display_name":"University of California Davis Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05t6gpm70","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I4210160856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khadija H. Soufi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jose A. Castillo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160527","display_name":"University of California Davis Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05t6gpm70","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I4210160856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose A. Castillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091982418","display_name":"Freddie Y. Rogdriguez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160527","display_name":"University of California Davis Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05t6gpm70","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I4210160856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Freddie Y. Rogdriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081009171","display_name":"Charles J. DeMesa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160527","display_name":"University of California Davis Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05t6gpm70","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I4210160856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles J. DeMesa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084413541","display_name":"Julius O. Ebinu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3099-394X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3099-394X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160527","display_name":"University of California Davis Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05t6gpm70","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I4210160856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julius O. Ebinu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3099-394X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084413541"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160527","https://openalex.org/I84218800"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2780},"fwci":1.8398,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85347499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"10","first_page":"8893","last_page":"8893"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10176","display_name":"Mesenchymal stem cell research","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10105","display_name":"Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell-therapy","display_name":"stem cell therapy","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regenerative-therapy","display_name":"regenerative therapy","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervertebral-disc-degeneration","display_name":"intervertebral disc degeneration","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-back-pain","display_name":"low back pain","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-marrow-derived-stem-cells","display_name":"bone marrow-derived stem cells","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adipose-derived-stem-cells","display_name":"adipose-derived stem cells","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/umbilical-cord-derived-stem-cells","display_name":"umbilical cord-derived stem cells","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-outcomes","display_name":"clinical outcomes","score":0.4050000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8046377897262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.7081949710845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779389132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1533033","display_name":"Stem-cell therapy","level":3,"score":0.6907826066017151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10854531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061415","display_name":"Regenerative medicine","level":3,"score":0.6097018718719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198826908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1922379","display_name":"Mesenchymal stem cell","level":2,"score":0.5844383835792542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.49757102131843567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.44806140661239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.4309402406215668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.35212522745132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3302144408226013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09023547172546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0833677351474762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001416","descriptor_name":"Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007403","descriptor_name":"Intervertebral Disc","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017116","descriptor_name":"Low Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017116","descriptor_name":"Low Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045164","descriptor_name":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055959","descriptor_name":"Intervertebral Disc Degeneration","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijms24108893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/8893/pdf?version=1684315018","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10623703","display_name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","issn_l":"1422-0067","issn":["1422-0067","1661-6596"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10219191","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10219191","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10219191/pdf/ijms-24-08893.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Int J Mol Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37240236","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37240236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of molecular sciences","raw_type":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6bp8p8tg","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bp8p8tg","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt6bp8p8tg/qt6bp8p8tg.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol 24, iss 10","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ijms24108893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108893","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/8893/pdf?version=1684315018","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10623703","display_name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","issn_l":"1422-0067","issn":["1422-0067","1661-6596"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9907000064849854,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377104875.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377104875.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W183502252","https://openalex.org/W1531471675","https://openalex.org/W1551586706","https://openalex.org/W1573068629","https://openalex.org/W1574732875","https://openalex.org/W1596368513","https://openalex.org/W1942580695","https://openalex.org/W1990141666","https://openalex.org/W1991606527","https://openalex.org/W1994344250","https://openalex.org/W1994654873","https://openalex.org/W1995306753","https://openalex.org/W1996794299","https://openalex.org/W1996858934","https://openalex.org/W2004189584","https://openalex.org/W2009444623","https://openalex.org/W2012808248","https://openalex.org/W2013601434","https://openalex.org/W2025584501","https://openalex.org/W2025882774","https://openalex.org/W2030493675","https://openalex.org/W2030869895","https://openalex.org/W2051752053","https://openalex.org/W2052139339","https://openalex.org/W2054546380","https://openalex.org/W2068030474","https://openalex.org/W2074084795","https://openalex.org/W2075857718","https://openalex.org/W2076352369","https://openalex.org/W2082330627","https://openalex.org/W2084444237","https://openalex.org/W2085517026","https://openalex.org/W2086943348","https://openalex.org/W2095273774","https://openalex.org/W2103046063","https://openalex.org/W2111483211","https://openalex.org/W2121178860","https://openalex.org/W2121787709","https://openalex.org/W2138939589","https://openalex.org/W2138977668","https://openalex.org/W2140617608","https://openalex.org/W2145130313","https://openalex.org/W2152983876","https://openalex.org/W2156279540","https://openalex.org/W2159999899","https://openalex.org/W2165438231","https://openalex.org/W2167810128","https://openalex.org/W2171944422","https://openalex.org/W2239310390","https://openalex.org/W2281598305","https://openalex.org/W2330583564","https://openalex.org/W2330750339","https://openalex.org/W2513978327","https://openalex.org/W2515556435","https://openalex.org/W2521591018","https://openalex.org/W2589716687","https://openalex.org/W2611393034","https://openalex.org/W2737467796","https://openalex.org/W2756052512","https://openalex.org/W2759592021","https://openalex.org/W2771006532","https://openalex.org/W2778559904","https://openalex.org/W2791379829","https://openalex.org/W2801605155","https://openalex.org/W2888866010","https://openalex.org/W2945689468","https://openalex.org/W2954066556","https://openalex.org/W2965381219","https://openalex.org/W2969798766","https://openalex.org/W3131704228","https://openalex.org/W3143574137","https://openalex.org/W3199312356","https://openalex.org/W4238449584","https://openalex.org/W4246995318","https://openalex.org/W4303022307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2995071817","https://openalex.org/W1481978969","https://openalex.org/W7098219002","https://openalex.org/W263151764","https://openalex.org/W2516702800","https://openalex.org/W3030817629","https://openalex.org/W3153167644","https://openalex.org/W7138063625","https://openalex.org/W4410096845","https://openalex.org/W4417515888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Back":[0],"pain":[1,68],"is":[2,163],"the":[3,11,27,55,108,118,166],"single":[4],"leading":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,15,30,80,97,117,169],"disability":[8],"worldwide.":[9],"Despite":[10],"prevalence":[12],"and":[13,58,100,115,154,196],"morbidity":[14],"lower":[16],"back":[17,67,211],"pain,":[18],"we":[19,53,181],"still":[20],"lack":[21],"a":[22,40,70,95,205],"gold-standard":[23],"treatment":[24,60],"that":[25,106],"restores":[26],"physiological":[28],"function":[29],"degenerated":[31],"intervertebral":[32],"discs.":[33],"Recently,":[34],"stem":[35,74,120,140,170],"cells":[36,141],"have":[37],"emerged":[38],"as":[39],"promising":[41],"strategy":[42],"for":[43,46,62,86,210],"regenerative":[44,73,172],"therapy":[45,173],"degenerative":[47],"disc":[48,63,151],"disease.":[49],"In":[50,177],"this":[51,178,203],"study,":[52],"review":[54],"etiology,":[56],"pathogenesis,":[57],"developing":[59],"strategies":[61,122],"degeneration":[64],"in":[65,123,189],"low":[66],"with":[69,159],"focus":[71],"on":[72,193],"cell":[75,121,171],"therapies.":[76],"A":[77],"systematic":[78,179],"search":[79],"PubMed/MEDLINE/Embase/Clinical":[81],"Trials.gov":[82],"databases":[83],"was":[84,94],"conducted":[85],"all":[87,124],"human":[88,143],"subject":[89],"abstracts":[90,99],"or":[91],"studies.":[92,156],"There":[93],"total":[96],"10":[98],"11":[101],"clinical":[102,167],"studies":[103,125,162,192],"(1":[104],"RCT)":[105],"met":[107],"inclusion":[109],"criteria.":[110],"The":[111],"molecular":[112],"mechanism,":[113],"approach,":[114],"progress":[116],"different":[119],"are":[126],"discussed,":[127],"including":[128],"allogenic":[129,132],"bone":[130,136],"marrow,":[131,137],"discogenic":[133],"cells,":[134],"autologous":[135,150],"adipose":[138],"mesenchymal":[139],"(MSCs),":[142],"umbilical":[144],"cord":[145],"MSC,":[146],"adult":[147],"juvenile":[148],"chondrocytes,":[149,153],"derived":[152],"withdrawn":[155],"Clinical":[157],"success":[158],"animal":[160],"model":[161],"promising;":[164],"however,":[165],"outcomes":[168],"remain":[174],"poorly":[175],"understood.":[176],"review,":[180],"found":[182],"no":[183],"evidence":[184],"to":[185],"support":[186],"its":[187],"use":[188],"humans.":[190],"Further":[191],"efficacy,":[194],"safety,":[195],"optimal":[197],"patient":[198],"selection":[199],"will":[200],"establish":[201],"whether":[202],"becomes":[204],"viable,":[206],"non-invasive":[207],"therapeutic":[208],"option":[209],"pain.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2023-05-20T00:00:00"}
