{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4372347653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","title":"Mode Connections For Clinical Incremental Learning: Lessons From The COVID-19 Pandemic","display_name":"Mode Connections For Clinical Incremental Learning: Lessons From The COVID-19 Pandemic","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4372347653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/05/05/2023.05.05.23289583.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/05/05/2023.05.05.23289583.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035845115","display_name":"Anshul Thakur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7006-1947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7006-1947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anshul Thakur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424709","display_name":"Chenyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-9866","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-9866"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026563826","display_name":"Taha Ceritli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taha Ceritli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040302008","display_name":"David Andrew Clifton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9848-8555","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9848-8555"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Clifton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064800233","display_name":"David W. Eyre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-6367","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-6367"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Eyre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035845115"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-incremental-learning","display_name":"domain-incremental learning","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catastrophic-forgetting","display_name":"catastrophic forgetting","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution-shift","display_name":"distribution shift","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-space","display_name":"parameter space","score":0.4699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7149132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1377840","display_name":"Forgetting","level":2,"score":0.824255645275116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.6817162036895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6277557611465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6102756261825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.6101250052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6026273965835571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776434776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19246213","display_name":"Domain adaptation","level":3,"score":0.5956620573997498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5881595611572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5300682783126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.48074984550476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.45628389716148376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.4515780210494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44513967633247375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.43638771772384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1852584183216095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.11690157651901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1031959056854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0870504081249237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07244709134101868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/05/05/2023.05.05.23289583.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.05.23289583","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/05/05/2023.05.05.23289583.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7246000170707703,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4372347653.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4372347653.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2734314755","https://openalex.org/W2784499877","https://openalex.org/W2788838181","https://openalex.org/W2972257053","https://openalex.org/W2976398475","https://openalex.org/W3031989616","https://openalex.org/W3083448729","https://openalex.org/W3086029573","https://openalex.org/W3097784654","https://openalex.org/W3174895568","https://openalex.org/W4211061250","https://openalex.org/W4308390386","https://openalex.org/W4319303904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4408051174","https://openalex.org/W7214732953","https://openalex.org/W3155203617","https://openalex.org/W4407278010","https://openalex.org/W4408578788","https://openalex.org/W7169582027","https://openalex.org/W4399708787","https://openalex.org/W4403690523","https://openalex.org/W3203518059","https://openalex.org/W7223123757"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"bstract":[1],"Dynamic":[2],"distribution":[3],"shifts":[4],"caused":[5],"by":[6,28],"evolving":[7],"diseases":[8],"and":[9,32,89,106,143,164],"demographic":[10],"changes":[11],"require":[12],"domain-incremental":[13,162],"adaptation":[14,24],"of":[15,23,53,65,115,167],"clinical":[16,43],"deep":[17],"learning":[18,49,80,163],"models.":[19],"However,":[20],"this":[21],"process":[22],"is":[25,129],"often":[26],"accompanied":[27],"catastrophic":[29],"forgetting":[30],",":[31,56],"even":[33],"the":[34,51,59,63,73,81,91,100,108,116,126,159,165,168],"most":[35],"sophisticated":[36],"methods":[37],"are":[38,112,151],"not":[39],"good":[40],"enough":[41],"for":[42,79,99,161],"applications.":[44],"This":[45],"paper":[46,77],"studies":[47],"incremental":[48,124],"from":[50,85,134],"perspective":[52],"mode":[54,88,98],"connections":[55],"that":[57],"is,":[58],"low-loss":[60,82],"paths":[61,83,93],"connecting":[62],"minimisers":[64],"neural":[66],"architectures":[67],"(modes":[68],"or":[69],"trained":[70],"weights)":[71],"in":[72,147],"parameter":[74],"space.":[75],"The":[76,103],"argues":[78],"originating":[84],"an":[86,96],"existing":[87,117],"exploring":[90],"learned":[92,104],"to":[94,131,157],"find":[95],"acceptable":[97],"new":[101,109],"domain.":[102],"paths,":[105],"hence":[107],"domain":[110],"mode,":[111],"a":[113,120,135,154],"function":[114],"mode.":[118],"As":[119],"result,":[121],"unlike":[122],"traditional":[123],"learning,":[125],"proposed":[127,169],"approach":[128],"able":[130],"exploit":[132],"information":[133],"deployed":[136],"model":[137],"without":[138],"changing":[139],"its":[140],"weights.":[141],"Pre-COVID":[142],"COVID-19":[144],"data":[145],"collected":[146],"Oxford":[148],"University":[149],"hospitals":[150],"used":[152],"as":[153],"case":[155],"study":[156],"demonstrate":[158],"need":[160],"advantages":[166],"approach.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2023-05-07T00:00:00"}