{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367183649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","title":"The Challenges and Prospects of E-learning in Higher Education in Bangladesh- A Review","display_name":"The Challenges and Prospects of E-learning in Higher Education in Bangladesh- A Review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367183649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","pdf_url":"https://journalajess.com/index.php/AJESS/article/download/931/1818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202154","display_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies","issn_l":"2581-6268","issn":["2581-6268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journalajess.com/index.php/AJESS/article/download/931/1818","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100737271","display_name":"Md. Jahangir Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-8789","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-8789"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40515787","display_name":"Bangladesh Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s3ca234","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40515787"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I902853133","display_name":"University of Rajshahi","ror":"https://ror.org/05nnyr510","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Jahangir Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh and Sub-regional Center, Bangladesh Open University, Joypurhat, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh and Sub-regional Center, Bangladesh Open University, Joypurhat, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40515787","https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085461140","display_name":"A K M Kanak Pervez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7413-9337","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7413-9337"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I902853133","display_name":"University of Rajshahi","ror":"https://ror.org/05nnyr510","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. K. M. Kanak Pervez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083619316","display_name":"Md. Shahriar Kabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0006-9946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0006-9946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I902853133","display_name":"University of Rajshahi","ror":"https://ror.org/05nnyr510","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Shahriar Kabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Md. Ruhul Amin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I902853133","display_name":"University of Rajshahi","ror":"https://ror.org/05nnyr510","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Ruhul Amin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069692115","display_name":"Rejvi Ahmed Bhuiya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I902853133","display_name":"University of Rajshahi","ror":"https://ror.org/05nnyr510","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rejvi Ahmed Bhuiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Crop Science and Technology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Crop Science and Technology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I902853133"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9978,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96957916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"1","first_page":"10","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12395","display_name":"Educational Innovations and Technology","score":0.49239999055862427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12395","display_name":"Educational Innovations and Technology","score":0.49239999055862427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14496","display_name":"Educational Technology and E-Learning","score":0.23960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13084","display_name":"Education during COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.05730000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-learning","display_name":"online learning","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"higher education","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bangladesh","display_name":"Bangladesh","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-divide","display_name":"digital divide","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-access","display_name":"internet access","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-education","display_name":"teacher professional development","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-technology-infrastructure","display_name":"educational technology infrastructure","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-education-gap","display_name":"urban-rural education gap","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalized-learning","display_name":"personalized learning","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-empowerment","display_name":"women's empowerment","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-learning-policy","display_name":"e-learning policy","score":0.703000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984567223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"E learning","level":3,"score":0.5120406746864319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5108403563499451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46636757254600525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780468074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16628824","display_name":"Digital learning","level":2,"score":0.45325642824172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173655357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244752","display_name":"Digital divide","level":3,"score":0.415914386510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.3842458426952362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3273129463195801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.32651573419570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.31172919273376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3037828207015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.28672540187835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.27684342861175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26532313227653503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17849308252334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","pdf_url":"https://journalajess.com/index.php/AJESS/article/download/931/1818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202154","display_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies","issn_l":"2581-6268","issn":["2581-6268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journalajess.com:article/931","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalajess.com/index.php/AJESS/article/view/931","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202154","display_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies","issn_l":"2581-6268","issn":["2581-6268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2581-6268","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05171827v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05171827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2023, 43 (1), pp.10-19","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v43i1931","pdf_url":"https://journalajess.com/index.php/AJESS/article/download/931/1818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202154","display_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies","issn_l":"2581-6268","issn":["2581-6268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":1.0,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367183649.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367183649.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47063893","https://openalex.org/W620789089","https://openalex.org/W655920640","https://openalex.org/W1570496957","https://openalex.org/W2043268531","https://openalex.org/W2075293748","https://openalex.org/W2143179185","https://openalex.org/W2157948881","https://openalex.org/W2558248260","https://openalex.org/W2622216230","https://openalex.org/W2804595728","https://openalex.org/W2807049179","https://openalex.org/W2979291916","https://openalex.org/W3033381159","https://openalex.org/W3033823890","https://openalex.org/W3113453447","https://openalex.org/W3150957829","https://openalex.org/W3158635138","https://openalex.org/W3167376819","https://openalex.org/W3170951926","https://openalex.org/W3197018123","https://openalex.org/W4233977211","https://openalex.org/W4235661708","https://openalex.org/W4240996659","https://openalex.org/W4251401388","https://openalex.org/W4285088909","https://openalex.org/W4286461842","https://openalex.org/W4313403753","https://openalex.org/W4383905718"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6893342151","https://openalex.org/W2200380621","https://openalex.org/W4221076389","https://openalex.org/W4386973812","https://openalex.org/W4395685580","https://openalex.org/W4367298995","https://openalex.org/W4390920885","https://openalex.org/W2104679755","https://openalex.org/W2117871448","https://openalex.org/W4394970658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aims:":[0],"The":[1,48,141,250],"main":[2],"objectives":[3],"of":[4,29,50,75,84,92,108,131,143,252,316],"the":[5,10,25,34,45,102,106,129,149,153,174,193,200,259,263,294],"research":[6],"were":[7],"to":[8,19,68,122,151,187,197,215,261,283],"identify":[9],"significant":[11,139],"challenges":[12],"that":[13,304],"Bangladesh's":[14,231],"higher":[15],"education":[16,188],"sector":[17],"needs":[18],"improve":[20],"before":[21],"implementing":[22],"e-learning,":[23],"assess":[24,318],"possibilities":[26],"for":[27,59,120,285],"implementation":[28],"e-learning":[30,36,125,253],"in":[31,52,124,145,163,199,254],"Bangladesh,":[32],"and":[33,40,77,87,89,105,111,134,159,172,178,189,212,219,246,278,288,298,302,307,311,313,317],"benefits":[35],"might":[37,43,224],"offer":[38,206,276],"Bangladesh":[39,255],"how":[41],"it":[42,118,204],"help":[44],"country's":[46],"advancement.":[47],"Challenges":[49],"E-Learning":[51,144,147],"Bangladesh:":[53,146],"E-learning":[54,94,181,228],"is":[55,136],"a":[56,73,79,82,90,138],"potential":[57,150,260],"replacement":[58],"conventional":[60],"classroom":[61],"instruction,":[62,239,243],"but":[63],"there":[64],"are":[65],"several":[66],"obstacles":[67],"its":[69],"adoption,":[70],"such":[71],"as":[72],"lack":[74,83,91,107],"technology":[76],"infrastructure,":[78],"digital":[80,112,154,264],"gap,":[81,155],"trained":[85],"teachers":[86],"educators,":[88],"high-quality":[93,170,238],"resources.":[95],"These":[96],"issues":[97],"have":[98],"been":[99],"exacerbated":[100],"by":[101,234],"COVID-19":[103],"pandemic":[104],"internet":[109],"connectivity":[110],"gadgets":[113],"among":[114],"some":[115],"pupils,":[116],"making":[117],"difficult":[119],"them":[121,191],"participate":[123],"programs.":[126],"In":[127],"addition,":[128],"shortage":[130],"qualified":[132],"instructors":[133,214],"resources":[135,284],"also":[137,183],"issue.":[140],"Prospect":[142],"has":[148],"close":[152,262],"expand":[156,266],"educational":[157,232,267],"opportunities,":[158,268],"raise":[160,269],"academic":[161,270],"standards":[162],"Bangladesh.":[164],"It":[165],"can":[166,182,205,229],"provide":[167],"pupils":[168,207],"with":[169,192,237,258],"instruction":[171],"bridge":[173],"gap":[175],"between":[176],"rural":[177],"remote":[179],"regions.":[180],"broaden":[184],"pupil":[185],"access":[186,282],"equip":[190],"competencies":[194],"they":[195],"need":[196,225],"thrive":[198],"real":[201],"world.":[202],"Additionally,":[203],"attractive,":[208],"collaborative":[209],"learning":[210],"opportunities":[211],"allow":[213],"track":[216,315],"student":[217],"development":[218],"spot":[220],"areas":[221],"where":[222],"students":[223,236],"extra":[226],"help.":[227],"revolutionize":[230],"system":[233],"providing":[235],"flexible":[240,277],"learning,":[241,245,280],"personalized":[242,279],"global":[244,286],"women's":[247],"empowerment.":[248],"Conclusion:":[249],"future":[251],"looks":[256],"promising,":[257],"divide,":[265],"standards,":[271],"advance":[272],"technology,":[273],"encourage":[274],"inclusivity,":[275],"give":[281],"education,":[287],"empower":[289],"women.":[290],"To":[291],"ensure":[292],"this,":[293],"government":[295],"should":[296],"create":[297],"carry":[299],"out":[300],"programs":[301],"policies":[303],"support":[305],"ease":[306],"equality,":[308],"facilitate":[309],"diversity":[310],"accessibility,":[312],"keep":[314],"electronic-learning":[319],"projects.":[320]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-04-28T00:00:00"}
