{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367175017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","title":"Emotional labor and emotional capital: An interpretive phenomenological analysis of teachers of English","display_name":"Emotional labor and emotional capital: An interpretive phenomenological analysis of teachers of English","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367175017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37104388","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10138224"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0283981&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0283981&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035564680","display_name":"Majid Ghyasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5325-474X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5325-474X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Majid Ghyasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Foreign Language Education, Middle East Technical University, \u00dcniversiteler Mahallesi Dumlup\u0131nar Bulvar\u0131 No:1, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5325-474X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Foreign Language Education, Middle East Technical University, \u00dcniversiteler Mahallesi Dumlup\u0131nar Bulvar\u0131 No:1, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009053062","display_name":"Nurdan G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1685-4644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1685-4644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nurdan Gurbuz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Foreign Language Education, Middle East Technical University, \u00dcniversiteler Mahallesi Dumlup\u0131nar Bulvar\u0131 No:1, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Foreign Language Education, Middle East Technical University, \u00dcniversiteler Mahallesi Dumlup\u0131nar Bulvar\u0131 No:1, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035564680"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"],"apc_list":{"value":1805,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1805},"apc_paid":{"value":1805,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1805},"fwci":6.1896,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96169008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":"e0283981","last_page":"e0283981"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12284","display_name":"Emotional Labor in Professions","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12284","display_name":"Emotional Labor in Professions","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-labor","display_name":"emotional labor","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-capital","display_name":"emotional capital","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-teachers","display_name":"English teachers","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-emotions","display_name":"teacher emotions","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classroom-incidents","display_name":"classroom incidents","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-reflection","display_name":"teacher reflection","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diary-keeping","display_name":"diary writing","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-education","display_name":"teacher professional development","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-awareness","display_name":"emotional awareness","score":0.5989999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136103064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1044045","display_name":"Emotional labor","level":2,"score":0.7866796255111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113470044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6056506","display_name":"Interpretative phenomenological analysis","level":3,"score":0.6499835848808289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5832522511482239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.47519028186798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47454914450645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88519622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q776232","display_name":"Emotional exhaustion","level":3,"score":0.4498788118362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4051549732685089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3201245665550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143916079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2629248","display_name":"Burnout","level":2,"score":0.21083515882492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.20356059074401855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.20293176174163818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.18262913823127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.11688777804374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10223579406738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000071195","descriptor_name":"Educational Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003243","descriptor_name":"Consciousness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005178","descriptor_name":"Faculty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0283981&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10138224","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10138224","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10138224/pdf/pone.0283981.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37104388","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37104388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://open.metu.edu.tr:11511/103351","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85154602274&origin=inward","pdf_url":"https://open.metu.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/11511/103351/journal.pone.0283981.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402495","display_name":"OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","host_organization_name":"Middle East Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:08e82ea4b8d34c4c8f262ea3a3e33ba8","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/08e82ea4b8d34c4c8f262ea3a3e33ba8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 4 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45ae79a7022740379b76a257b4735f82","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45ae79a7022740379b76a257b4735f82","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 4, p e0283981 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283981","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0283981&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367175017.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367175017.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13676111","https://openalex.org/W106650442","https://openalex.org/W142595189","https://openalex.org/W196169179","https://openalex.org/W334150019","https://openalex.org/W564567409","https://openalex.org/W588834284","https://openalex.org/W603756684","https://openalex.org/W636333792","https://openalex.org/W1498027297","https://openalex.org/W1538802079","https://openalex.org/W1543166800","https://openalex.org/W1581387623","https://openalex.org/W1607118314","https://openalex.org/W1859502711","https://openalex.org/W1968172770","https://openalex.org/W1991593377","https://openalex.org/W1993213222","https://openalex.org/W1994698508","https://openalex.org/W2000946407","https://openalex.org/W2037071871","https://openalex.org/W2045766930","https://openalex.org/W2063258005","https://openalex.org/W2081290837","https://openalex.org/W2113022628","https://openalex.org/W2132100442","https://openalex.org/W2154225744","https://openalex.org/W2158997181","https://openalex.org/W2209393740","https://openalex.org/W2231576790","https://openalex.org/W2237586318","https://openalex.org/W2262956957","https://openalex.org/W2340659462","https://openalex.org/W2487375778","https://openalex.org/W2792202358","https://openalex.org/W2792637567","https://openalex.org/W2799216213","https://openalex.org/W2801579581","https://openalex.org/W2841831139","https://openalex.org/W2901889006","https://openalex.org/W2910777821","https://openalex.org/W2911252907","https://openalex.org/W2914365838","https://openalex.org/W2921266025","https://openalex.org/W2981682551","https://openalex.org/W3000755244","https://openalex.org/W3005713953","https://openalex.org/W3011553837","https://openalex.org/W3118394012","https://openalex.org/W3118943349","https://openalex.org/W4205560024","https://openalex.org/W4235863708","https://openalex.org/W4250161693","https://openalex.org/W4256441345","https://openalex.org/W4280544888","https://openalex.org/W4284970729","https://openalex.org/W4301056702","https://openalex.org/W4405228162","https://openalex.org/W6613023151","https://openalex.org/W6663411673","https://openalex.org/W6682487243","https://openalex.org/W7048562408"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3005713953","https://openalex.org/W4393277688","https://openalex.org/W7051701555","https://openalex.org/W4393277772","https://openalex.org/W7162293881","https://openalex.org/W4378619325","https://openalex.org/W7163646298","https://openalex.org/W55581720","https://openalex.org/W4205560024","https://openalex.org/W7215211314"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"emotionally":[1,131],"charged":[2],"situation":[3],"for":[4],"a":[5],"teacher":[6,122],"of":[7,19,49,61,77,80,100],"English":[8,81],"necessitates":[9],"hiding":[10],"certain":[11],"emotions":[12],"(emotional":[13,33],"labor)":[14],"though":[15],"using":[16],"the":[17,20,31,47,69,72,95,98,107],"experience":[18],"event":[21],"can":[22,57],"enable":[23],"her":[24],"to":[25,40,46,110,113,129],"benefit":[26],"from":[27,94],"similar":[28],"encounters":[29],"in":[30,104,127],"future":[32],"capital).":[34],"This":[35],"study":[36,70,118],"is":[37],"an":[38],"attempt":[39],"find":[41],"factors":[42],"that":[43],"have":[44,130],"contributed":[45],"emergence":[48],"emotional":[50,101,115],"labor":[51,102],"and":[52,74,125],"then":[53],"investigate":[54],"whether":[55],"teachers":[56,79,108],"gain":[58,114],"capital":[59],"out":[60],"such":[62],"situations.":[63],"Using":[64],"Interpretive":[65],"Phenomenological":[66],"Analysis":[67],"(IPA),":[68],"analyzed":[71],"diaries":[73],"interview":[75],"data":[76,96],"three":[78],"who":[82],"had":[83],"their":[84],"reflections":[85],"about":[86],"daily":[87],"class":[88],"incidents.":[89],"The":[90,117],"main":[91],"themes":[92],"emerging":[93],"revealed":[97],"existence":[99],"which,":[103],"some":[105],"cases,":[106],"managed":[109],"build":[111],"upon":[112],"capital.":[116],"suggests":[119],"diary":[120],"keeping,":[121],"bonding":[123],"communities,":[124],"training":[126],"order":[128],"conscious":[132],"teachers.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-04-28T00:00:00"}