{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366990853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","title":"Effects of Mud Content on the Setting Time and Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Mortar","display_name":"Effects of Mud Content on the Setting Time and Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Mortar","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366990853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37176237","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10179831"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma16093355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/9/3355/pdf?version=1682404737","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/9/3355/pdf?version=1682404737","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015980360","display_name":"Shuaijun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6097-1266","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6097-1266"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuaijun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China","School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6097-1266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Deyong Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deyong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Jiuqiang Group Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Jiuqiang Group Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001316193","display_name":"Zhirong Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2555-5921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2555-5921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhirong Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438813","display_name":"Yilin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9408-6738","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9408-6738","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6179-7558"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071045119","display_name":"Peiqing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-1783","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-1783"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peiqing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-1783","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002366109","display_name":"Bin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8854-9104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8854-9104"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001316193"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2558},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2558},"fwci":0.9561,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68612394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"3355","last_page":"3355"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13140","display_name":"Materials Engineering and Processing","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkali-activated-slag","display_name":"alkali-activated slag","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortar","display_name":"mortar","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/setting-time","display_name":"setting time","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-strength","display_name":"flexural strength","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silt","display_name":"silt","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clay","display_name":"clay","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-a-s-h-gel","display_name":"C-A-S-H gel","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-aluminosilicate-hydrate","display_name":"sodium aluminosilicate hydrate","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydration-products","display_name":"hydration products","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"microstructure","score":0.828000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130767629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7905205","display_name":"Mortar","level":2,"score":0.7373921871185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779850335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3791889","display_name":"Calcium silicate hydrate","level":3,"score":0.6714676022529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.6693278551101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6615749001502991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161222754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270699","display_name":"Silt","level":2,"score":0.6128822565078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.5738766193389893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.43544429540634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780021121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844123","display_name":"Portland cement","level":3,"score":0.43200981616973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.40190237760543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.393059641122818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.3540179431438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.3451464772224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.16515251994132996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16500675678253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma16093355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/9/3355/pdf?version=1682404737","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10179831","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10179831","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10179831/pdf/materials-16-03355.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37176237","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37176237","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma16093355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093355","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/9/3355/pdf?version=1682404737","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2470354735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51908342","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4163005660","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2022ME133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7675146782","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51908342","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8367217669","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2022ME133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366990853.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366990853.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W155100789","https://openalex.org/W911610109","https://openalex.org/W1156025878","https://openalex.org/W1968485329","https://openalex.org/W1980279322","https://openalex.org/W1986034921","https://openalex.org/W1992749124","https://openalex.org/W1994171290","https://openalex.org/W1999376184","https://openalex.org/W2001818324","https://openalex.org/W2016074906","https://openalex.org/W2017750074","https://openalex.org/W2018239163","https://openalex.org/W2032124167","https://openalex.org/W2043545807","https://openalex.org/W2047036241","https://openalex.org/W2059506468","https://openalex.org/W2061098138","https://openalex.org/W2064235704","https://openalex.org/W2073466514","https://openalex.org/W2143106913","https://openalex.org/W2151788195","https://openalex.org/W2161001357","https://openalex.org/W2516653984","https://openalex.org/W2518241251","https://openalex.org/W2749702981","https://openalex.org/W2772487707","https://openalex.org/W2794391858","https://openalex.org/W2810426866","https://openalex.org/W2906787000","https://openalex.org/W2930042827","https://openalex.org/W2949395489","https://openalex.org/W2957062774","https://openalex.org/W2968170890","https://openalex.org/W2971150970","https://openalex.org/W2988269441","https://openalex.org/W2996255907","https://openalex.org/W3015248526","https://openalex.org/W3018723784","https://openalex.org/W3045547070","https://openalex.org/W3091150430","https://openalex.org/W3115147355","https://openalex.org/W3126707567","https://openalex.org/W3159010889","https://openalex.org/W3179192885","https://openalex.org/W3189273443","https://openalex.org/W3193414941","https://openalex.org/W3205479635","https://openalex.org/W3206041009","https://openalex.org/W3217463049","https://openalex.org/W4207048136","https://openalex.org/W4211094025","https://openalex.org/W4224279047","https://openalex.org/W4225814390","https://openalex.org/W4229005032","https://openalex.org/W4282589694","https://openalex.org/W4293659776","https://openalex.org/W4295350495","https://openalex.org/W4297842301","https://openalex.org/W4322765597","https://openalex.org/W4323052052","https://openalex.org/W4362589772"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2803952279","https://openalex.org/W2902447930","https://openalex.org/W4385956174","https://openalex.org/W4379106601","https://openalex.org/W4382883454","https://openalex.org/W3013594270","https://openalex.org/W2898013196","https://openalex.org/W4388116450","https://openalex.org/W2793347743","https://openalex.org/W3132527075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"mud":[1,30,64,104,135,145,168,176,196,216],"content":[2,31,146,177],"in":[3,32,147,169,184,217],"the":[4,27,33,36,57,76,112,116,127,142,144,148,150,152,157,159,167,170,173,185,195,198,203,206,210,218,220,232,236,246,250,277],"sand":[5,34,44,171,233,247],"has":[6],"a":[7,50,181,259,273],"negative":[8,274],"impact":[9],"on":[10,18,35,276],"cement":[11],"mortar":[12,93,99,279],"but":[13],"there":[14,213],"is":[15,214,226,241],"little":[16],"research":[17],"Alkali-activated":[19],"slag":[20],"(AAS)":[21],"mortar.":[22],"In":[23],"order":[24],"to":[25],"explore":[26],"impacts":[28],"of":[29,38,52,60,66,84,97,103,115,134,163,190,205,224,239,253,262],"performance":[37],"AAS":[39,61,92,98,128,191,225,240,254,278],"mortar,":[40,192],"this":[41],"paper":[42],"used":[43],"that":[45],"contains":[46,234,248],"silt,":[47,235],"clay,":[48,249],"and":[49,54,72,74,80,89,126,156,187,201,258,265,270],"mixture":[51],"silt":[53],"clay;":[55],"tested":[56,120],"setting":[58,154,161],"time":[59,155,162],"with":[62,100,131,209],"different":[63,101,132],"contents":[65],"0%,":[67],"2%,":[68],"4%,":[69],"6%,":[70],"8%,":[71],"10%;":[73],"measured":[75],"unconfined":[77],"compressive":[78,186],"strength":[79,83],"beam":[81],"flexural":[82,188],"3":[85],"d,":[86,88],"7":[87],"28":[90],"d":[91],"specimens.":[94],"The":[95,138],"microstructure":[96],"kinds":[102,133],"was":[105,119,136],"observed":[106],"by":[107,121],"scanning":[108],"electron":[109],"microscope":[110],"(SEM),":[111],"elemental":[113],"composition":[114],"hydration":[117,174,199,207,222,237,251],"product":[118,208,223,238],"energy":[122],"dispersive":[123],"spectroscopy":[124],"(EDS),":[125],"interaction":[129],"mechanism":[130],"analyzed.":[137],"main":[139,221],"conclusions":[140],"are:":[141],"higher":[143],"sand,":[149,219],"shorter":[151],"initial":[153],"longer":[158],"final":[160],"AAS,":[164],"mainly":[165,193],"because":[166,194],"affects":[172,197],"process;":[175],"above":[178],"4%":[179],"causes":[180],"rapid":[182],"decrease":[183],"strengths":[189],"process":[200],"hinders":[202],"bonding":[204],"sand.":[211],"When":[212,231,245],"no":[215],"dense":[227],"calcium-alumina-silicate-hydrate":[228],"(C-A-S-H)":[229],"gel.":[230,244],"loose":[242],"C-A-S-H":[243,256],"products":[252],"contain":[255],"gel":[257,269],"small":[260],"amount":[261],"sodium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate":[263],"(N-A-S-H),":[264],"needle-like":[266],"crystals.":[267],"Loose":[268],"crystals":[271],"have":[272],"effect":[275],"strength.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2023-04-27T00:00:00"}
