{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366691632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231162600","title":"Routing Optimization of Regional Flexible Transit Under the Mixed Demand Mode","display_name":"Routing Optimization of Regional Flexible Transit Under the Mixed Demand Mode","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366691632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231162600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/03611981231162600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231162600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231162600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007367084","display_name":"Siqing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-1531","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-1531","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4396-4766"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siqing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370328","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5184-7023","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5184-7023","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5903-7786","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5756-7505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002050590","display_name":"Xiaowei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-7672","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-7672"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019677787","display_name":"Tingting Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4044-412X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4044-412X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingting Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hongkong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hongkong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031639910","display_name":"Zhipeng Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-3688","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-3688"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-3688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100370328"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":{"value":3250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.616,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67974559,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2677","issue":"10","first_page":"662","last_page":"675"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.6553000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.6553000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.2612000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.07800000160932541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-windows","display_name":"time windows","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passenger-satisfaction","display_name":"passenger satisfaction","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-genetic-algorithm","display_name":"adaptive genetic algorithm","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-mutation-strategy","display_name":"adaptive mutation strategy","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-cost-reduction","display_name":"operational cost reduction","score":0.7509999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5608709454536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.541920006275177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5327344536781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778022998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q651136","display_name":"Transit (satellite)","level":3,"score":0.5111613869667053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5107452869415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5075579881668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.44801539182662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.43245354294776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777347956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362005","display_name":"Operating cost","level":2,"score":0.4313977360725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.4246354103088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.37911999225616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3736831843852997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.3540615439414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3324871063232422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25779300928115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11421635746955872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10184195637702942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.08184263110160828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/03611981231162600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231162600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231162600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-127276","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/usage-metrics/download/1783.1-127276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.651199996471405,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964715746","https://openalex.org/W1986571637","https://openalex.org/W2000702178","https://openalex.org/W2055813881","https://openalex.org/W2064578828","https://openalex.org/W2074034189","https://openalex.org/W2083756892","https://openalex.org/W2119601963","https://openalex.org/W2156266293","https://openalex.org/W2157790051","https://openalex.org/W2278542412","https://openalex.org/W2303006289","https://openalex.org/W2419366211","https://openalex.org/W2494612847","https://openalex.org/W2587013178","https://openalex.org/W2610038721","https://openalex.org/W2615374388","https://openalex.org/W2765836847","https://openalex.org/W2795297732","https://openalex.org/W2810094435","https://openalex.org/W2883979847","https://openalex.org/W2888832939","https://openalex.org/W2907889268","https://openalex.org/W2918095264","https://openalex.org/W2939555758","https://openalex.org/W2946768199","https://openalex.org/W2946789497","https://openalex.org/W2972064755","https://openalex.org/W2977678031","https://openalex.org/W2983761052","https://openalex.org/W2984899444","https://openalex.org/W2989908296","https://openalex.org/W3004492813","https://openalex.org/W3015172246","https://openalex.org/W3031265074","https://openalex.org/W3032286326","https://openalex.org/W3033593267","https://openalex.org/W3044306824","https://openalex.org/W3083618710","https://openalex.org/W3091647180","https://openalex.org/W3113047807","https://openalex.org/W3163964356","https://openalex.org/W3217072760","https://openalex.org/W4206346161","https://openalex.org/W4212980502","https://openalex.org/W4285389445","https://openalex.org/W4285602171","https://openalex.org/W4306404491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405295016","https://openalex.org/W3135466524","https://openalex.org/W2389707585","https://openalex.org/W4361024046","https://openalex.org/W2998993159","https://openalex.org/W4406881130","https://openalex.org/W2990341776","https://openalex.org/W2957145852","https://openalex.org/W4403872012","https://openalex.org/W3113365680"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"meet":[1],"trip":[2],"demands":[3],"and":[4,35,54,84,104,115,137,142,154,179,207],"avoid":[5],"transit":[6,19,194],"capacity":[7],"waste":[8],"or":[9],"shortages,":[10],"this":[11,232],"study":[12],"investigates":[13],"the":[14,25,31,50,55,81,91,94,112,126,146,162,165,176,183,188,218,221,226,238],"routing":[15,43],"optimization":[16,44],"of":[17,33,93,111,128,164,193,201,220,231,240],"flexible":[18,242],"with":[20,173],"time":[21,26,60],"windows.":[22],"We":[23],"introduce":[24],"penalty":[27,143],"costs":[28,53,56,197],"to":[29,48,78,109,124,175,204,237],"accommodate":[30],"impacts":[32],"early":[34],"late":[36],"vehicle":[37],"arrivals":[38],"on":[39,145],"passengers\u2019":[40],"satisfaction.":[41],"A":[42],"model":[45],"is":[46,64,122],"developed":[47,166],"minimize":[49],"system":[51],"operation":[52,191,239],"incurred":[57],"by":[58,66,198],"passengers'":[59],"penalties.":[61],"The":[62,87,210,229],"problem":[63],"solved":[65],"a":[67,119],"designed":[68],"adaptive":[69,75,167],"genetic":[70,168],"algorithm":[71,169],"that":[72,187,214],"adopts":[73],"an":[74,199,215],"mutation":[76,82,85],"strategy":[77],"dynamically":[79],"adjust":[80],"probability":[83],"operator.":[86],"numerical":[88,184],"experiments":[89],"compare":[90],"results":[92,160,185,211],"mixed":[95,189],"demand":[96,190],"model,":[97],"in":[98,217],"which":[99],"vehicles":[100],"can":[101,224,234],"pick":[102],"up":[103],"drop":[105],"off":[106],"passengers":[107],"simultaneously,":[108],"those":[110],"separate":[113,205],"pick-up":[114,206],"delivery":[116,208],"modes.":[117,209],"Finally,":[118],"sensitive":[120],"analysis":[121],"conducted":[123],"explore":[125],"impact":[127],"operational":[129],"factors":[130],"(vehicle":[131],"speed,":[132],"maximum":[133],"one-way":[134],"travel":[135],"time,":[136],"weighting":[138],"ratios":[139],"between":[140],"operating":[141,222],"costs)":[144],"system's":[147],"performance":[148],"(total":[149],"costs,":[150],"per":[151],"capita":[152],"mileage,":[153],"average":[155,200],"seat":[156],"occupancy":[157],"rate).":[158],"Our":[159],"confirm":[161],"advantages":[163],"over":[170],"traditional":[171],"ones":[172],"respect":[174],"convergence":[177],"speed":[178],"optimality":[180],"gap.":[181],"Moreover,":[182],"indicate":[186],"mode":[192],"reduces":[195],"total":[196,227],"2.35%":[202],"compared":[203],"also":[212],"reveal":[213],"increase":[216],"weights":[219],"cost":[223],"reduce":[225],"cost.":[228],"findings":[230],"work":[233],"provide":[235],"guidance":[236],"regional":[241],"transit.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2023-04-24T00:00:00"}
