{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366587375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924","title":"Optimization of Urban Public Transportation Considering the Modal Fleet Size: A Case Study from Palestine","display_name":"Optimization of Urban Public Transportation Considering the Modal Fleet Size: A Case Study from Palestine","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366587375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15086924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/6924/pdf?version=1681971146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/6924/pdf?version=1681971146","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098974821","display_name":"Abdallah Abuaisha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah Abuaisha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Data Science and AI, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Data Science and AI, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108767867","display_name":"Sameer A. Abu-Eisheh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2316-6391","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2316-6391"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17533244","display_name":"An-Najah National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0046mja08","country_code":"PS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}],"countries":["PS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sameer Abu-Eisheh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Civil Engineering Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Civil Engineering Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17533244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5098974821"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":2.0534,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85084655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"8","first_page":"6924","last_page":"6924"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13601","display_name":"Urban Transport Systems Analysis","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-public-transportation","display_name":"urban public transportation","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fleet-optimization","display_name":"fleet optimization","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passenger-demand-estimation","display_name":"passenger demand estimation","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/headway","display_name":"headway","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-classes","display_name":"vehicle classes","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trip-planning","display_name":"trip planning","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-urban-transportation","display_name":"sustainable urban transportation","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-impact","display_name":"environmental impact","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palestine","display_name":"Palestine","score":0.49799999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157085824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384809","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","level":2,"score":0.798179566860199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.7571650743484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779240695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4383682","display_name":"Headway","level":2,"score":0.6815789937973022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.6544695496559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.6290296316146851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5435842871665955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5419862866401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157181609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364310","display_name":"Sustainable transport","level":3,"score":0.5236204266548157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.4742687940597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58037377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92785211","display_name":"Level of service","level":2,"score":0.421339750289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4114057421684265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39483609795570374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.343447744846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33532366156578064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24537819623947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15359699726104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.14016076922416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.11328619718551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15086924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/6924/pdf?version=1681971146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:6924-:d:1127971","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/6924/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su15086924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086924","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/8/6924/pdf?version=1681971146","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.8970999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366587375.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4366587375.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W645426194","https://openalex.org/W1532912978","https://openalex.org/W1991747471","https://openalex.org/W2001696576","https://openalex.org/W2009441521","https://openalex.org/W2016132296","https://openalex.org/W2047246970","https://openalex.org/W2063767549","https://openalex.org/W2162984166","https://openalex.org/W2529159814","https://openalex.org/W2585427122","https://openalex.org/W2588975029","https://openalex.org/W2947543278","https://openalex.org/W2948567905","https://openalex.org/W2949604469","https://openalex.org/W3002782435","https://openalex.org/W3095585101","https://openalex.org/W3199302499","https://openalex.org/W4248587353","https://openalex.org/W4249244122","https://openalex.org/W4287878563","https://openalex.org/W4313592148"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384822430","https://openalex.org/W2525357115","https://openalex.org/W2009441521","https://openalex.org/W3136607513","https://openalex.org/W2736893873","https://openalex.org/W3162641476","https://openalex.org/W4388844149","https://openalex.org/W4390284083","https://openalex.org/W7110481086","https://openalex.org/W7222006873"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,115,143,172],"simple":[3],"yet":[4],"efficient":[5],"approach":[6,48],"to":[7,27,40,80,136],"optimize":[8],"the":[9,29,55,60,64,71,81,89,97,103,124,138,153,157,164,181,184,194],"modal":[10],"fleet":[11,173],"size":[12],"of":[13,92,99,110,127,175,183],"urban":[14,34,112],"public":[15,65,128],"transportation":[16,35,66,129],"services,":[17],"considering":[18],"both":[19],"user-":[20],"and":[21,59,74,83,96,131,189],"operator-oriented":[22],"factors.":[23],"This":[24],"is":[25,118,168],"envisaged":[26],"enhance":[28],"potential":[30],"for":[31,63,149,187],"achieving":[32],"sustainable":[33,42],"systems":[36],"and,":[37,151],"eventually,":[38],"opportunities":[39],"create":[41],"cities.":[43],"The":[44,108,120],"presented":[45],"constraint":[46],"optimization":[47],"can":[49,178],"be":[50],"described":[51],"as":[52,77,161,163],"follows.":[53],"First,":[54],"expected":[56,139],"passenger":[57,140],"demand":[58],"cycle":[61],"time":[62],"service":[67,145,158,190],"are":[68,86,106],"estimated.":[69],"Next,":[70],"desired":[72],"constraints":[73,105],"parameters,":[75],"such":[76],"those":[78],"related":[79],"headway":[82],"seat":[84],"supply,":[85],"determined.":[87,107],"Finally,":[88],"optimal":[90,125,185],"combination":[91],"different":[93,176],"vehicle":[94],"classes":[95],"number":[98],"trips":[100,130],"satisfying":[101],"all":[102],"defined":[104],"case":[109],"an":[111],"area":[113],"in":[114],"developing":[116],"country":[117],"considered.":[119],"resulting":[121],"solution":[122,186],"determines":[123],"numbers":[126],"vehicles,":[132],"by":[133],"mode,":[134],"required":[135],"meet":[137],"demand,":[141],"provide":[142],"high-quality":[144],"with":[146,193],"acceptable":[147],"headways":[148],"passengers,":[150],"at":[152],"same":[154],"time,":[155],"reduce":[156],"providers\u2019":[159],"costs":[160],"well":[162],"environmental":[165],"impacts.":[166],"It":[167],"also":[169],"concluded":[170],"that":[171],"composed":[174],"modes":[177],"better":[179],"facilitate":[180],"achievement":[182],"passengers":[188],"providers":[191],"compared":[192],"one-mode":[195],"fleet.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-04-23T00:00:00"}
