{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366147983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622","title":"Evaluation and Measurement of the Lock-in Effect in Resonant Fiber Optic Gyroscopes","display_name":"Evaluation and Measurement of the Lock-in Effect in Resonant Fiber Optic Gyroscopes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366147983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2307745","display_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","issn_l":"0733-8724","issn":["0733-8724","1558-2213"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396444","display_name":"Lu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-4962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-4962"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-4962","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101808717","display_name":"Shuang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1249-746X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1249-746X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020889852","display_name":"Huilian Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-0507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-0507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huilian Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-0507","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041236599","display_name":"Zhonghe Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2039-1390","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2039-1390"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhonghe Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":{"value":2345,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2345},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4276,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49668973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"17","first_page":"5754","last_page":"5762"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.025599999353289604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.014800000004470348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resonant-fiber-optic-gyroscope","display_name":"resonant fiber optic gyroscope","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock-in-effect","display_name":"lock-in effect","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscattering","display_name":"backscattering","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-modulation","display_name":"phase modulation","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotational-speed-measurement","display_name":"rotational speed measurement","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gyroscope-sensitivity","display_name":"gyroscope sensitivity","score":0.37700000405311584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.7460470199584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778985243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582007","display_name":"Sagnac effect","level":3,"score":0.7085380554199219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158488048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483400","display_name":"Gyroscope","level":2,"score":0.6685250997543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83736585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2141325","display_name":"Fibre optic gyroscope","level":3,"score":0.6509006023406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.6084184646606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5756623148918152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.5724681615829468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5405548810958862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.48069196939468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.47854357957839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4443250596523285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.4397125840187073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.4379265606403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186886427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441213","display_name":"Feedback loop","level":2,"score":0.423663854598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4141274392604828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.41253456473350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2504909038543701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23653894662857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.22559699416160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15291276574134827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1294543743133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.1071384847164154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2023.3267622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2307745","display_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","issn_l":"0733-8724","issn":["0733-8724","1558-2213"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8177870464","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62175218","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976147892","https://openalex.org/W1986822422","https://openalex.org/W2019398964","https://openalex.org/W2023201583","https://openalex.org/W2041067130","https://openalex.org/W2045475654","https://openalex.org/W2047881448","https://openalex.org/W2049853736","https://openalex.org/W2071619988","https://openalex.org/W2076531869","https://openalex.org/W2101561525","https://openalex.org/W2132218180","https://openalex.org/W2139667723","https://openalex.org/W2169799219","https://openalex.org/W2214779261","https://openalex.org/W2623350119","https://openalex.org/W2901118911","https://openalex.org/W3029014532","https://openalex.org/W4205865958","https://openalex.org/W4214941501","https://openalex.org/W4220938212","https://openalex.org/W4301184219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2359833473","https://openalex.org/W3176600587","https://openalex.org/W4220938212","https://openalex.org/W7125944636","https://openalex.org/W2155538972","https://openalex.org/W2062972548","https://openalex.org/W2132218180","https://openalex.org/W2001046299","https://openalex.org/W2380977686","https://openalex.org/W2773536379"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"makes":[2],"a":[3,11,32,85],"deep":[4],"investigation":[5],"of":[6,27,111,125],"the":[7,25,29,36,42,62,65,72,81,102,109,112,117,123,126],"lock-in":[8,33,48,51,82,90,113],"behavior":[9,114],"in":[10,84,120],"resonant":[12],"fiber-optic":[13],"gyroscope":[14],"(RFOG).":[15],"A":[16],"theoretical":[17,103],"model":[18],"is":[19,92],"first":[20],"set":[21],"up":[22],"to":[23,94],"reveal":[24],"mechanism":[26],"how":[28],"backscattering":[30,63],"creates":[31],"phenomenon":[34,83],"at":[35],"gyro":[37],"output.":[38],"After":[39],"phase":[40],"modulation,":[41],"RFOG":[43],"has":[44],"more":[45],"than":[46],"one":[47],"zone.":[49],"These":[50],"zones":[52],"are":[53],"symmetrically":[54],"distributed":[55],"around":[56],"zero":[57],"rotation":[58],"rate":[59],"originating":[60],"from":[61],"inside":[64],"resonator,":[66],"but":[67],"also":[68],"being":[69],"affected":[70],"by":[71,115],"modulation":[73,118],"parameters":[74,119],"and":[75],"feedback":[76,127],"loops.":[77],"Experimentally,":[78],"we":[79,106],"tested":[80],"closed-loop":[86],"RFOG.":[87],"The":[88],"main":[89],"range":[91],"measured":[93],"be":[95],"30":[96],"\u00b0/h":[97],"which":[98],"agrees":[99],"well":[100],"with":[101,122],"result.":[104],"Finally,":[105],"successfully":[107],"demonstrated":[108],"elimination":[110],"optimizing":[116],"combination":[121],"bandwidth":[124],"loop.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-04-19T00:00:00"}