{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4365503679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","title":"Defining Physical Activity and Exercise","display_name":"Defining Physical Activity and Exercise","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4365503679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464293","display_name":"Wiley eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease","raw_type":"other"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4365506255","display_name":"Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease"},"type":"other","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078083193","display_name":"Christina N. Katsagoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4474-328X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4474-328X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120313","display_name":"Children's Hospital Agia Sophia","ror":"https://ror.org/0315ea826","country_code":"GR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120313"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina N. Katsagoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agia Sofia Children's Hospital, Thivon 1 & Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens, GR, 11527"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agia Sofia Children's Hospital, Thivon 1 & Papadiamantopoulou Str, Athens, GR, 11527","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120313"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037161166","display_name":"Peter F Kokkinos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6055-7634","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6055-7634"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Kokkinos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University, 295 Halsey road, Annapolis, MD, US, 21401"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University, 295 Halsey road, Annapolis, MD, US, 21401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008958249","display_name":"Labros S. Sidossis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-7966","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-7966","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0887-2156"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Labros S. Sidossis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University, 70 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, US, 08901-8525"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University, 70 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, US, 08901-8525","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"69","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.039400000125169754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise","display_name":"physical activity","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/who-physical-activity-recommendations","display_name":"WHO physical activity guidelines","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-expenditure","display_name":"energy expenditure","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-intensity","display_name":"exercise intensity","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-equivalents","display_name":"metabolic equivalents","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-consumption","display_name":"oxygen consumption","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"heart rate","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-reserve","display_name":"heart rate reserve","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-duration","display_name":"exercise duration","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-volume","display_name":"exercise volume","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-frequency","display_name":"exercise frequency","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-physical-activity","display_name":"occupational physical activity","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leisure-time-physical-activity","display_name":"leisure-time physical activity","score":0.7749999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988147884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377024","display_name":"Energy expenditure","level":2,"score":0.783403754234314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776811442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5420058","display_name":"Exercise intensity","level":4,"score":0.7056007981300354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6413756608963013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.5904785394668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.5620825886726379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.5547397136688232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190512316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1924756","display_name":"Metabolic equivalent","level":3,"score":0.5423967838287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4983861446380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.447848916053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.4251616299152374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.38079899549484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36089080572128296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3330427408218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2749243676662445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.13538393378257751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1093282699584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464293","display_name":"Wiley eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/9781119833475.ch5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464293","display_name":"Wiley eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease","raw_type":"other"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4365503679.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4365503679.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W587427884","https://openalex.org/W2004008756","https://openalex.org/W2027535482","https://openalex.org/W2096688252","https://openalex.org/W2154568934","https://openalex.org/W2170341085","https://openalex.org/W2172173540","https://openalex.org/W2183605862","https://openalex.org/W2227813149","https://openalex.org/W2618096841","https://openalex.org/W2770967155","https://openalex.org/W2811244731","https://openalex.org/W2883271696","https://openalex.org/W2900726805","https://openalex.org/W2942143569","https://openalex.org/W2992758073","https://openalex.org/W3013887185","https://openalex.org/W3108106255","https://openalex.org/W3197233987","https://openalex.org/W4206840255"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235070899","https://openalex.org/W4415151474","https://openalex.org/W2120992267","https://openalex.org/W2917035324","https://openalex.org/W4252667740","https://openalex.org/W4322708066","https://openalex.org/W3015540861","https://openalex.org/W4407170270","https://openalex.org/W3002079996","https://openalex.org/W2549558116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"According":[0],"to":[1,73,107,119],"the":[2,57,110,121,127,138],"2020":[3],"World":[4],"Health":[5],"Organization":[6],"guidelines,":[7],"physical":[8],"activity":[9,111],"(PA)":[10],"is":[11,41,56,62,104,126,137],"defined":[12],"as":[13,44,80],"\u201cany":[14],"bodily":[15],"movement":[16],"produced":[17],"by":[18],"skeletal":[19],"muscles":[20],"that":[21],"requires":[22],"energy":[23,78],"expenditure\u201d.":[24],"In":[25],"terms":[26,66],"of":[27,50,59,67,83,98,109,129],"mode,":[28],"there":[29],"are":[30,70],"four":[31],"PA":[32,40,53,75],"domains:":[33],"occupational,":[34],"domestic,":[35],"transportation/utilitarian,":[36],"and":[37,94,115,145],"leisure":[38],"time.":[39],"further":[42],"classified":[43],"structured":[45],"or":[46,54],"incidental.":[47],"The":[48],"result":[49,82],"participating":[51],"in":[52,65],"exercise":[55,131,135,141,143],"expenditure":[58,79],"energy,":[60],"which":[61],"commonly":[63],"quantified":[64],"intensity.":[68],"There":[69],"several":[71],"methods":[72],"quantify":[74],"intensity":[76,108,114],":":[77],"a":[81,96],"PA,":[84],"metabolic":[85],"equivalents,":[86],"oxygen":[87,99],"consumption,":[88],"heart":[89,91],"rate,":[90],"rate":[92],"reserve,":[93],"specifying":[95],"percentage":[97],"uptake":[100],"reserve.":[101],"Exercise":[102,124],"duration":[103,116],"inversely":[105],"related":[106],"and,":[112],"therefore,":[113],"can":[117],"interact":[118],"produce":[120],"desired":[122],"results.":[123],"volume":[125,136],"byproduct":[128],"all":[130],"components.":[132],"That":[133],"is,":[134],"outcome":[139],"of:":[140],"intensity,":[142],"duration,":[144],"frequency.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2023-04-15T00:00:00"}