{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4362522969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","title":"The rise of artificial intelligence: addressing the impact of large language models such as ChatGPT on scientific publications","display_name":"The rise of artificial intelligence: addressing the impact of large language models such as ChatGPT on scientific publications","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4362522969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37006087","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10144457"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94851452","display_name":"Singapore Medical Journal","issn_l":"0037-5675","issn":["0037-5675","2737-5935"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Singapore Medical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022313037","display_name":"Tiing Leong Ang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9993-8549","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9993-8549"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiing Leong Ang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deputy Editor, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deputy Editor, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075249092","display_name":"Mahesh Arjandas Choolani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8336-0973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8336-0973"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahesh Choolani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deputy Editor, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deputy Editor, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057727929","display_name":"Kay Choong See","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-7282","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-7282"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kay Choong See","raw_affiliation_strings":["Specialty Editor, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Specialty Editor, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072018226","display_name":"Kian Keong Poh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kian Keong Poh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Editor-in-Chief, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Editor-in-Chief, Singapore Medical Journal, Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"4","first_page":"219","last_page":"221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12648","display_name":"Academic Writing and Publishing","score":0.5849999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12648","display_name":"Academic Writing and Publishing","score":0.5849999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.10830000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.09399999678134918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatgpt","display_name":"ChatGPT","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-writing","display_name":"scientific writing","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scholarly-publishing","display_name":"scholarly publishing","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-generated-text","display_name":"AI-generated text","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-integrity","display_name":"research integrity","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plagiarism","display_name":"plagiarism","score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-generated-data","display_name":"AI-generated data","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-reliability","display_name":"AI reliability","score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-ethics","display_name":"AI ethics","score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-regulation","display_name":"AI regulation","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-drug-discovery","display_name":"artificial intelligence in drug discovery","score":0.4830000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8604151010513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3210829794406891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011642","descriptor_name":"Publications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94851452","display_name":"Singapore Medical Journal","issn_l":"0037-5675","issn":["0037-5675","2737-5935"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Singapore Medical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10144457","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10144457","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10144457/pdf/SMJ-64-219.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Singapore Med J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37006087","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37006087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Singapore medical journal","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b791732d9ec64bd0a8d09799293a5977","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b791732d9ec64bd0a8d09799293a5977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Singapore Medical Journal, Vol 64, Iss 4, Pp 219-221 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94851452","display_name":"Singapore Medical Journal","issn_l":"0037-5675","issn":["0037-5675","2737-5935"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Singapore Medical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4362522969.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4362522969.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3186179742","https://openalex.org/W4313453502","https://openalex.org/W4313559133","https://openalex.org/W4315784554","https://openalex.org/W4317390716","https://openalex.org/W4318263917","https://openalex.org/W4319083882","https://openalex.org/W4319332853","https://openalex.org/W4319656339","https://openalex.org/W4321167341","https://openalex.org/W4321351832","https://openalex.org/W4384820022"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366490383","https://openalex.org/W4322008312","https://openalex.org/W7172433415","https://openalex.org/W4391700223","https://openalex.org/W4366082684","https://openalex.org/W4385608359","https://openalex.org/W4366777216","https://openalex.org/W4390544736","https://openalex.org/W4387709867","https://openalex.org/W4390967809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION":[0],"Artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"(AI)":[3],"permeates":[4],"our":[5,50],"modern":[6],"society.":[7],"Chatbots":[8],"are":[9,41,174,394,440,627,711,785,882,1069,1462],"being":[10,767,817],"used":[11,99,515,646,751,768,894,1295,1384],"by":[12,204,243,672,684,859,895,904,1174,1375,1587],"commercial":[13],"companies":[14],"as":[15,107,473,481,531,695,752,825,939,1074,1318,1663,1678],"an":[16,57,206,264,276,362,505,826,1214,1341,1420,1560,1609],"interface":[17,1481],"with":[18,188,664,921,1058,1314,1347,1458],"their":[19],"customers,":[20],"and":[21,35,64,81,86,90,109,138,159,209,241,317,375,381,387,402,410,422,495,510,520,522,599,630,687,697,709,729,774,776,782,842,865,879,889,927,971,988,993,1035,1042,1054,1063,1081,1113,1120,1122,1125,1135,1139,1151,1193,1208,1230,1235,1260,1291,1299,1336,1354,1416,1432,1475,1492,1512,1526,1537,1545,1562,1569,1578,1606,1650,1658,1694],"Internet":[22,313],"search":[23,102],"engines":[24],"rely":[25],"heavily":[26],"on":[27,200,238,299,550,763,1212,1254,1617],"AI":[28,48,55,69,97,128,137,143,151,172,207,643,674,690,829,853,951,975,1003,1091,1175,1215,1286,1332,1337,1405,1439,1538,1549,1558,1598,1646,1657,1671,1706],"to":[29,124,146,153,223,281,305,311,322,331,378,396,432,445,516,559,596,602,616,647,666,740,749,760,808,838,848,855,866,897,955,998,1108,1148,1166,1196,1199,1222,1323,1344,1385,1423,1429,1453,1468,1522,1531,1541,1603,1615,1628,1640,1655,1666,1672,1690,1697],"function.":[30],"Smart":[31],"homes,":[32],"navigation":[33],"systems":[34,173,1316],"immigration":[36],"clearance":[37],"using":[38,852],"facial":[39],"recognition":[40],"other":[42,746,783,1367,1424],"examples":[43],"of":[44,47,68,78,84,157,167,191,248,254,273,291,344,356,361,369,392,408,420,430,454,504,508,540,564,573,593,608,621,624,659,669,726,733,754,801,811,851,877,924,949,959,973,1001,1026,1033,1045,1056,1061,1090,1102,1117,1133,1171,1227,1248,1280,1284,1293,1304,1328,1331,1358,1373,1396,1412,1419,1436,1445,1509,1573,1675,1705],"the":[45,66,189,221,245,258,271,312,354,397,434,501,524,552,560,565,568,576,580,594,609,617,625,649,660,667,700,703,723,727,730,755,770,795,798,802,814,835,861,872,875,901,914,950,963,974,999,1002,1010,1012,1059,1088,1100,1127,1231,1242,1245,1281,1285,1289,1300,1329,1371,1392,1397,1402,1410,1434,1449,1463,1466,1504,1524,1583,1597,1618,1703],"use":[46,123,732,1060],"in":[49,100,103,113,117,185,227,340,342,406,464,486,523,534,611,652,714,794,846,871,962,985,1021,1031,1066,1087,1191,1239,1296,1307,1684],"daily":[51],"lives.":[52],"In":[53,62,94,352,412,942,1178,1582],"general,":[54],"is":[56,98,111,144,213,293,302,308,330,366,634,682,699,738,748,766,772,806,816,893,968,1096,1182,1241,1334,1559,1688],"essential":[58,1483],"element":[59],"for":[60,314,372,436,575,586,605,857,868,1038,1129,1233,1272,1349,1484],"biotechnology.":[61],"biotechnology":[63],"research,":[65,1471],"applications":[67],"include":[70],"drug":[71],"target":[72],"identification,":[73],"image":[74],"screening,":[75],"predictive":[76],"modelling":[77],"disease":[79],"states":[80],"outcomes,":[82],"assessment":[83],"functional":[85],"structural":[87],"genomics,":[88],"metabolomics":[89],"proteomics[1]":[91],"among":[92],"others.":[93],"scientific":[95,126,186,266,465,493,518,715,986,1047,1143,1477,1485,1546],"writing,":[96,466],"literature":[101],"biomedical":[104],"databases":[105],"such":[106,480,678,1073,1315,1677],"PubMed,":[108],"it":[110,329,469,483,497,526,584,633,765,909,1381,1664,1687],"present":[112],"a":[114,214,228,251,294,417,427,474,532,679,922,981,1017,1224,1269,1277,1319,1356,1387,1446,1552,1555,1563,1590,1631,1695],"rudimentary":[115],"form":[116,433],"word":[118],"processing":[119],"software":[120,373,952],"that":[121,219,296,301,334,347,443,546,613,636,689,702,824,913,1009,1099,1244,1265,1516,1702],"researchers":[122,686,1261,1457],"write":[125,263,648],"manuscripts.":[127,899],"can":[129,261,404,424,470,917,1369,1382,1406,1488,1518,1550,1647,1707],"be":[130,165,332,337,359,446,471,548,597,603,693,722,750,761,790,832,918,980,996,1105,1146,1197,1268,1312,1339,1383,1454,1489,1519,1551,1708],"broadly":[131],"classified":[132],"into":[133,834],"narrow":[134,176,1670],"AI,":[135,1680],"general":[136,1679],"artificial":[139,940],"superintelligence":[140],"(ASI).":[141],"Narrow":[142],"created":[145,1016],"solve":[147],"specific":[148,239],"problems.":[149],"General":[150],"aims":[152],"create":[154],"machines":[155],"capable":[156,166],"reasoning":[158],"thinking":[160,1181],"like":[161,1093],"humans.":[162,169],"ASI":[163,1683],"would":[164,655,1219,1262],"outperforming":[168],"Currently":[170],"available":[171,197,349],"considered":[175,472,1340],"AI.":[177],"LAUNCH":[178],"OF":[179,1362],"ChatGPT":[180,212,269,292,512,639,734,743,781,892,905,1013,1062,1249,1266,1365],"We":[181,1158,1529],"entered":[182],"uncharted":[183],"territories":[184],"writing":[187,989,1068,1403,1490,1525],"launch":[190],"Chat":[192],"Generative":[193],"Pre-trained":[194],"Transformer":[195],"(ChatGPT;":[196],"from:":[198],"https://chat.openai.com/chat)":[199],"30":[201],"November":[202],"2022":[203],"OpenAI,":[205],"research":[208,1103,1374,1450],"deployment":[210],"company.":[211],"large":[215],"language":[216,249,1411],"model":[217],"(LLM)":[218],"has":[220,416,513,527,820,910,936,1006,1250,1451],"ability":[222],"generate":[224,1441,1472],"human-like":[225],"text":[226,255,902],"conversational":[229],"way,":[230],"including":[231,467,1288],"complete":[232],"paragraphs":[233],"or":[234,490,499,562,567,571,582,619,640,744,797,930,945,1351,1366,1390,1500,1554,1681],"even":[235,449,491,528,637,1086,1352,1682],"essays,":[236],"based":[237,549],"prompts":[240],"context,":[242],"mimicking":[244],"statistical":[246],"patterns":[247],"from":[250,257,780,1163,1202,1637,1669],"huge":[252],"database":[253],"collated":[256],"Internet.":[259,873,1619],"It":[260,307,819,1005,1095],"potentially":[262],"entire":[265,650],"manuscript.":[267,803],"Using":[268],"creates":[270],"illusion":[272],"conveniently":[274],"having":[275],"expert":[277],"readily":[278],"at":[279,285,450,1155,1465],"hand":[280],"answer":[282],"one\u2019s":[283],"questions":[284,614],"all":[286,606,1109],"times.":[287],"The":[288,390,537,1024,1479],"current":[289,849,1246],"version":[290,595,1247],"prototype":[295],"was":[297,1014,1217,1613],"trained":[298,1015,1253],"dataset":[300],"updated":[303],"up":[304,1401,1608,1692],"2021.":[306,327,351,1275],"not":[309,319,1152,1184,1251,1310,1355],"connected":[310],"real-time":[315],"updates":[316,948],"does":[318],"have":[320,458,1159,1223],"access":[321,1428],"new":[323,345,370,385,1255,1442,1473],"knowledge":[324,357,386,960,1243,1443],"derived":[325,779,1257],"after":[326,350,1258,1274,1394],"Therefore,":[328,1049],"expected":[333],"there":[335,365,758,967,977,1566],"will":[336,484,1511],"data":[338,371,400,574,778,885],"gaps":[339,961,1350],"ChatGPT,":[341],"terms":[343],"information":[346,916,1134,1154,1172,1256,1273,1294],"becomes":[348],"future,":[353,653,943],"currency":[355],"may":[358,906,953,978,990,1029,1083,1309],"less":[360],"issue":[363,668],"if":[364,638,966],"continuous":[367,944],"input":[368,431],"training":[374,399,970,1000,1508],"development,":[376],"similar":[377,845,1064],"how":[379,764,777,1213],"academics":[380,1121],"professionals":[382],"continuously":[383,1106],"acquire":[384],"update":[388],"themselves.":[389],"capabilities":[391],"LLMs":[393,784,1028,1368,1487,1510],"limited":[395],"textual":[398],"used,":[401],"this":[403,451,698,957,994],"result":[405,485,1030],"problems":[407,1072],"reliability":[409],"bias.":[411],"addition,":[413],"each":[414],"LLM":[415,747],"certain":[418],"amount":[419,429],"memory,":[421],"hence":[423],"accept":[425,1153],"only":[426,1185],"finite":[428],"context":[435],"output":[437,830],"generation.":[438],"There":[439,681,881],"several":[441],"issues":[442,876],"need":[444,1530],"properly":[447],"addressed":[448],"nascent":[452],"phase":[453],"its":[455,462,476,1022,1228,1297,1699],"development.[2]":[456],"Concerns":[457],"been":[459,514,529,822,911,937,1007,1252],"raised":[460],"about":[461,884,1051,1580],"role":[463],"whether":[468,482,496,775],"co-author,":[475],"potential":[477,1232,1301,1348,1575,1704],"negative":[478],"impact,":[479],"factual":[487,887],"inaccuracies,":[488,1077,1353],"plagiarism":[489,858,1080],"outright":[492],"fraud,":[494],"facilitates":[498],"blunts":[500],"academic":[502,535,719,1040,1067,1075],"development":[503],"individual.":[506],"Issue":[507],"authorship":[509,547],"transparency":[511,805],"draft":[517,898,1386],"abstracts":[519],"papers,":[521],"process,":[525],"listed":[530],"co-author":[533],"publications.[3,4,5]":[536],"International":[538],"Committee":[539],"Medical":[541,705],"Journal":[542,706],"Editors":[543],"(ICMJE)":[544],"recommends":[545],"meeting":[551],"following":[553],"four":[554],"criteria:":[555],"(a)":[556],"substantial":[557],"contributions":[558],"conception":[561],"design":[563],"work,":[566],"acquisition,":[569],"analysis":[570],"interpretation":[572,987],"work;":[577],"(b)":[578],"drafting":[579],"work":[581,610,626,725,1539],"revising":[583],"critically":[585,1150],"important":[587,807,1183,1610,1689],"intellectual":[588],"content;":[589],"(c)":[590],"final":[591],"approval":[592],"published;":[598],"(d)":[600],"agreement":[601],"accountable":[604],"aspects":[607],"ensuring":[612],"related":[615,997],"accuracy":[618,1053,1330],"integrity":[620,710,1104,1544],"any":[622,745],"part":[623,753],"appropriately":[628,791],"investigated":[629],"resolved.[6]":[631],"Thus,":[632],"clear":[635],"more":[641,1641],"sophisticated":[642],"programs":[644,1065],"were":[645],"manuscript":[651,720,756,771,815,1393,1422],"they":[654,1517],"still":[656,979,1084],"fall":[657],"short":[658],"eligibility":[661],"criteria,":[662],"especially":[663,1662],"respect":[665],"personal":[670,1302,1599],"accountability":[671],"authors.":[673],"tools":[675,1092],"cannot":[676,692,1267,1440,1496],"assume":[677],"responsibility.":[680],"consensus":[683],"many":[685],"journals":[688,1111],"models":[691],"credited":[694],"authors,[7,8]":[696],"position":[701],"Singapore":[704],"holds.":[707],"Transparency":[708],"crucial":[712,1098],"elements":[713],"writing.":[716],"A":[717,1237],"submitted":[718],"must":[721,789,1145],"original":[724],"authors,":[728],"wholesale":[731],"without":[735],"formal":[736],"acknowledgement":[737,799],"akin":[739],"plagiarism.":[741],"If":[742],"preparation,":[757],"needs":[759,1195],"clarity":[762],"when":[769,813,891,1448],"written,":[773],"further":[786,1520],"verified.":[787],"This":[788,935],"documented":[792],"either":[793],"methods":[796],"section":[800],"Such":[804],"prevent":[809],"erosion":[810,1032],"trust":[812],"appraised.":[818],"also":[821,991,1189,1407],"advocated":[823],"additional":[827,1342],"safeguard,":[828],"detectors":[831],"incorporated":[833],"editorial":[836],"process":[837,1283],"alert":[839],"journal":[840,1493],"editors":[841],"reviewers":[843,1123],"\u2014":[844,864],"concept":[847,1101],"approaches":[850],"algorithms":[854],"screen":[856,1112],"checking":[860],"similarity":[862],"index":[863],"check":[867],"bot-like":[869],"behaviour":[870],"Tackling":[874],"inaccuracies":[878,888],"quality":[880,1057],"concerns":[883,1050,1579],"gaps,":[886],"bias":[890,1020,1234,1303],"authors":[896,1499],"Although":[900],"written":[903,1586],"appear":[907],"credible,":[908],"shown":[912],"generated":[915,1173],"pure":[919,1206],"confabulation,":[920],"combination":[923],"both":[925],"facts":[926,1201],"fabricated":[928],"information,":[929],"totally":[931],"fictitious":[932],"pseudoscientific":[933],"material.":[934],"described":[938],"hallucination.[9]":[941],"regularly":[946],"scheduled":[947],"help":[954,1408,1523],"attenuate":[956],"problem":[958],"software.":[964],"Even":[965],"regular":[969],"updating":[972],"software,":[976],"lag":[982],"phase.":[983],"Bias":[984],"exist,":[992],"could":[995],"algorithm.":[1004],"suggested":[1008],"way":[1011],"left-wing,":[1018],"liberal":[1019],"responses.[10]":[1023],"ease":[1025],"accessing":[1027],"skills":[1034],"expertise":[1036,1461],"needed":[1037],"high-quality":[1039],"publication":[1041],"promote":[1043],"proliferation":[1044],"low-quality":[1046],"papers.":[1048],"integrity,":[1052],"deterioration":[1055],"justified.":[1070],"However,":[1071,1276,1438,1686],"bias,":[1076,1574],"ghost":[1078],"authorship,":[1079],"fraud":[1082],"arise":[1085],"absence":[1089],"ChatGPT.":[1094],"thus":[1097,1263,1426,1633],"emphasised":[1107],"researchers,":[1110],"sieve":[1114],"out":[1115,1444],"submissions":[1116],"dubious":[1118],"quality,":[1119],"develop":[1124],"retain":[1126],"skillset":[1128],"critical":[1130,1180],"appraisal,":[1131],"discernment":[1132],"source":[1136,1271],"verification.":[1137],"Clinicians":[1138],"scientists":[1140],"who":[1141],"read":[1142],"publications":[1144],"able":[1147,1198],"think":[1149],"face":[1156],"value.":[1157],"already":[1160],"pivoted":[1161],"away":[1162],"eminence-based":[1164],"medicine":[1165],"evidence-based":[1167],"medicine.":[1168],"Human":[1169,1326],"verification":[1170,1327],"remains":[1176,1482],"important.":[1177],"reality,":[1179],"within":[1186],"academia,":[1187],"but":[1188,1495],"generally":[1190],"life,":[1192],"one":[1194,1221],"separate":[1200],"myths,":[1203],"half-truths,":[1204],"disinformation,":[1205],"propaganda":[1207],"lies.":[1209],"Having":[1210],"insights":[1211],"program":[1216],"developed":[1218],"allow":[1220,1417],"better":[1225],"appreciation":[1226],"limitation":[1229],"errors.":[1236],"case":[1238],"point":[1240],"2021,":[1259],"know":[1264],"trusted":[1270],"full":[1278],"understanding":[1279],"developmental":[1282],"model,":[1287],"type":[1290],"extent":[1292],"training,":[1298],"people":[1305],"involved":[1306],"programming":[1308],"always":[1311],"possible,":[1313],"existing":[1317],"black":[1320],"box":[1321],"due":[1322],"proprietary":[1324],"reasons.[11]":[1325],"outputs":[1333],"crucial,":[1335],"should":[1338,1513,1653],"resource":[1343],"obtain":[1345],"data,":[1346],"purveyor":[1357],"absolute":[1359],"truth.":[1360],"CONCEPT":[1361],"COLLABORATIVE":[1363],"INTELLIGENCE":[1364],"facilitate":[1370,1648],"conduct":[1372,1469],"compiling":[1376],"pre-existing":[1377],"information.":[1378],"For":[1379],"instance,":[1380],"study":[1388],"protocol":[1389],"format":[1391],"completion":[1395],"study,":[1398],"which":[1399],"speeds":[1400],"process.":[1404,1528],"improve":[1409],"non-native":[1413],"English":[1414,1421],"speakers":[1415],"translation":[1418],"languages,":[1425],"improving":[1427],"non-English":[1430],"readers":[1431],"broadening":[1433],"reach":[1435],"journals.":[1437],"vacuum":[1447],"yet":[1452],"conducted.":[1455],"Well-trained":[1456],"deep":[1459],"domain":[1460],"ones":[1464],"forefront":[1467],"novel":[1470,1584],"findings":[1474],"achieve":[1476],"breakthroughs.":[1478],"human":[1480,1498,1501],"progress.":[1486],"assistants":[1491,1494],"replace":[1497],"editors.":[1502],"At":[1503],"same":[1505],"time,":[1506],"continued":[1507],"occur,":[1514],"so":[1515,1701],"improved":[1521],"publishing":[1527],"optimise":[1532],"collaborative":[1533,1660],"intelligence,":[1534,1661],"where":[1535],"humans":[1536],"together,":[1540],"ensure":[1542],"transparency,":[1543],"rigour.":[1547],"CONCLUSION":[1548],"boon":[1553],"bane.":[1556],"While":[1557],"enabler":[1561],"game":[1564],"changer,":[1565],"exist":[1567],"privacy":[1568],"ethical":[1570],"concerns,":[1571],"possibility":[1572],"legal":[1576],"liabilities":[1577],"validity.[12]":[1581],"\u2018Origin\u2019":[1585],"Dan":[1588],"Brown,":[1589],"terminally":[1591],"ill":[1592],"Edmond":[1593],"Kirsch":[1594],"instructed":[1595],"Winston,":[1596],"assistant":[1600],"he":[1601,1612],"invented,":[1602],"maximise":[1604],"viewership":[1605,1636],"hype":[1607],"announcement":[1611],"going":[1614],"make":[1616,1629],"Winston":[1620],"then":[1621],"orchestrated":[1622],"Kirsch\u2019s":[1623],"death":[1624],"during":[1625],"his":[1626],"presentation":[1627],"him":[1630],"martyr,":[1632],"boosting":[1634],"online":[1635],"3":[1638],"million":[1639,1644],"than":[1642],"200":[1643],"people.":[1645],"progress,":[1649],"hence,":[1651],"we":[1652],"continue":[1654],"embrace":[1656],"establish":[1659],"continues":[1665],"evolve,":[1667],"moving":[1668],"higher":[1673],"levels":[1674],"function,":[1676],"future.":[1685],"set":[1691],"guardrails":[1693],"framework":[1696],"guide":[1698],"application,":[1700],"harnessed":[1709],"appropriately.":[1710]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2023-04-06T00:00:00"}
