{"id":"https://openalex.org/W43295989","doi":null,"title":"Beyond the ballot: 57 democratic innovations from around the world","display_name":"Beyond the ballot: 57 democratic innovations from around the world","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W43295989","mag":"43295989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:34527","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/34527/1/Beyond_the_Ballot.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/34527/1/Beyond_the_Ballot.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101874814","display_name":"Graham Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-9221","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-9221"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Graham Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-9221","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101874814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.8562,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":131,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98667389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13291","display_name":"Political Theory and Democracy","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13291","display_name":"Political Theory and Democracy","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13459","display_name":"Public Administration and Political Analysis","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratic-innovation","display_name":"democratic innovation","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-participation","display_name":"citizen participation","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electoral-innovation","display_name":"electoral innovation","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consultation","display_name":"consultation","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deliberation","display_name":"deliberation","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-governance","display_name":"co-governance","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-democracy","display_name":"direct democracy","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-governance","display_name":"digital governance","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-decision-making","display_name":"political decision-making","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transferability","display_name":"transferability","score":0.4959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776946740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358652","display_name":"Deliberation","level":3,"score":0.7908523082733154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.7534090280532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61272859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834031","display_name":"Transferability","level":3,"score":0.6628718972206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6421568393707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777094542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905151","display_name":"Ballot","level":4,"score":0.6160077452659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.573324978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5088029503822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82261069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925365","display_name":"Yardstick","level":2,"score":0.452053040266037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.4454362392425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44538652896881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4434015452861786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.438827246427536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.42761215567588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.41960012912750244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.3631505072116852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26487261056900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2300586700439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1853909194469452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08279910683631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08230385184288025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07908773422241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:34527","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/34527/1/Beyond_the_Ballot.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/34527/1/Beyond_the_Ballot.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Monograph"},{"id":"pmh:oai:westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk:92y6v","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/download/648b879826abf9a403617088f0973dbcc56cbf94d3aef6aecaa759b3c9b036cb/756350/Beyond_the_Ballot.pdf","pdf_url":"https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/download/648b879826abf9a403617088f0973dbcc56cbf94d3aef6aecaa759b3c9b036cb/756350/Beyond_the_Ballot.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400277","display_name":"WestminsterResearch (University of Westminster)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94951947","host_organization_name":"University of Westminster","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"project-report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk:11541","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/11541/1/Smith_2005.pdf","pdf_url":"http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/11541/1/Smith_2005.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400277","display_name":"WestminsterResearch (University of Westminster)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94951947","host_organization_name":"University of Westminster","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Monograph"},{"id":"mag:43295989","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/34527/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9200000166893005}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7300000190734863}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385465228","https://openalex.org/W7112569451","https://openalex.org/W4365137619","https://openalex.org/W7113061625","https://openalex.org/W4245070434","https://openalex.org/W923198106","https://openalex.org/W7046314562","https://openalex.org/W4288557848","https://openalex.org/W1489575559","https://openalex.org/W7117346713"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,8,30],"aim":[1],"of":[2,15,38],"this":[3],"study":[4,31],"is":[5],"to":[6],"provide":[7],"Power":[9],"Inquiry":[10],"with":[11],"details":[12],"and":[13,21],"assessments":[14],"democratic":[16],"innovations":[17,35],"that":[18],"might":[19],"increase":[20],"deepen":[22],"citizen":[23],"participation":[24],"in":[25,42,45],"the":[26],"political":[27],"decision-making":[28],"process.":[29],"analyses":[32],"fifty-seven":[33],"different":[34],"\u2013":[36],"eleven":[37],"these":[39],"are":[40],"considered":[41],"more":[43],"depth":[44],"case":[46],"studies.":[47]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}