{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4327681007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","title":"Biotypes of Central Nervous System Complications in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): National Institute of Mental Health Perspectives on Advancing the Future of HIV Healthcare","display_name":"Biotypes of Central Nervous System Complications in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): National Institute of Mental Health Perspectives on Advancing the Future of HIV Healthcare","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4327681007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36930635","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10226748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/infdis/jiad036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-pdf/227/Supplement_1/S58/49554171/jiad036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-pdf/227/Supplement_1/S58/49554171/jiad036.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004784525","display_name":"Vasudev R Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-4023","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-4023"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vasudev R Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061133601","display_name":"Pim Y. Brouwers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5487-8164","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5487-8164"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pim Brouwers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5487-8164","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110433332","display_name":"Jeymohan Joseph","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeymohan Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004886219","display_name":"Collene Lawhorn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-423X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-423X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Collene Lawhorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078798268","display_name":"Lori A J Scott Sheldon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lori A J Scott Sheldon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068818099","display_name":"Dianne M. Rausch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dianne M Rausch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004784525"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158500"],"apc_list":{"value":4536,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4536},"apc_paid":{"value":4536,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4536},"fwci":0.131,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37771677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"227","issue":"Supplement_1","first_page":"S58","last_page":"S61"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11655","display_name":"HIV-related health complications and treatments","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotypes","display_name":"biotypes","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotypic-heterogeneity","display_name":"phenotypic heterogeneity","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-medicine","display_name":"precision medicine","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"antiretroviral therapy","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-associated-neurocognitive-disorders","display_name":"HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-associated-psychiatric-disorders","display_name":"HIV-associated psychiatric disorders","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/etiopathogenesis","display_name":"etiopathogenesis","score":0.7820000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6341364979743958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5515984892845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.5035125613212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.4327915608882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4198409914970398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.41497802734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993143319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.41113904118537903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3615126609802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.23230165243148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.13354241847991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.07646098732948303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009315","descriptor_name":"National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/infdis/jiad036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-pdf/227/Supplement_1/S58/49554171/jiad036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10226748","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10226748","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10226748/pdf/jiad036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Infect Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:36930635","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36930635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of infectious diseases","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/infdis/jiad036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad036","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-pdf/227/Supplement_1/S58/49554171/jiad036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4327681007.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060427373","https://openalex.org/W2072601872","https://openalex.org/W2115118763","https://openalex.org/W2172058091","https://openalex.org/W2320630256","https://openalex.org/W2406088321","https://openalex.org/W3038680026","https://openalex.org/W4283739351","https://openalex.org/W4327676484","https://openalex.org/W4327676967","https://openalex.org/W4327678662","https://openalex.org/W4327679225","https://openalex.org/W4327681712","https://openalex.org/W4327685877"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4327685877","https://openalex.org/W4327676484","https://openalex.org/W4327676967","https://openalex.org/W4392113702","https://openalex.org/W2136043926","https://openalex.org/W7095219884","https://openalex.org/W2030667890","https://openalex.org/W2945403975","https://openalex.org/W7096145555","https://openalex.org/W2316276947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"effective":[1,44],"suppressive":[2],"antiretroviral":[3],"therapy,":[4],"central":[5],"nervous":[6],"system":[7],"(CNS)":[8],"complications":[9,92],"related":[10,87],"to":[11,30,46,64,88,98,113,122,141,146],"human":[12],"immunodeficiency":[13],"virus":[14],"(HIV)":[15],"remain":[16],"a":[17,94],"significant":[18],"problem":[19],"for":[20],"people":[21],"with":[22,42,82],"HIV":[23,89],"(PWH).":[24],"Numerous":[25],"studies":[26],"have":[27],"contributed":[28],"data":[29],"define":[31],"the":[32,65,100,103,107,115,130,137,147],"mechanisms":[33],"underlying":[34],"HIV-associated":[35,51],"CNS":[36,52,70,91,119,150],"pathophysiology,":[37],"but":[38],"causality":[39],"remains":[40],"elusive,":[41],"no":[43],"therapies":[45],"prevent,":[47],"reduce,":[48],"or":[49],"reverse":[50],"complications.":[53],"Multiple":[54],"physiological,":[55],"clinical,":[56],"cognitive,":[57],"behavioral,":[58],"social,":[59],"and":[60,105,135],"environmental":[61],"factors":[62,144],"contribute":[63],"observed":[66],"heterogeneity":[67,117],"of":[68,77,96,102,109,118,132,149],"adverse":[69],"outcomes":[71,120,151],"among":[72],"PWH.":[73,153],"The":[74],"National":[75],"Institute":[76],"Mental":[78],"Health":[79],"in":[80,85,152],"collaboration":[81],"investigators":[83],"engaged":[84],"research":[86],"associated":[90],"organized":[93],"series":[95],"meetings":[97,134],"review":[99],"state":[101],"science":[104],"facilitate":[106],"development":[108],"biologically":[110],"based":[111],"measures":[112],"identify":[114,142],"phenotypic":[116],"linked":[121,145],"pathophysiology":[123],"(biotypes).":[124],"In":[125],"this":[126],"article,":[127],"we":[128],"summarize":[129],"proceedings":[131],"these":[133],"explore":[136],"precision":[138],"medicine":[139],"framework":[140],"critical":[143],"etiopathogenesis":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-03-18T00:00:00"}