{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4322629338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","title":"Author response: Control of craniofacial development by the collagen receptor, discoidin domain receptor 2","display_name":"Author response: Control of craniofacial development by the collagen receptor, discoidin domain receptor 2","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4322629338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1336409049","display_name":"eLife","issn_l":"2050-084X","issn":["2050-084X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311710","host_organization_name":"eLife Sciences Publications Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311710"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["eLife Sciences Publications Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"peer-review"},"volume":null,"type":"peer-review","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102853186","display_name":"Fatma F. Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-6541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-6541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatma F Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078269327","display_name":"Chunxi Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-1077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-1077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunxi Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084846119","display_name":"Shawn A. Hallett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shawn A Hallett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025519472","display_name":"Alec C. Bancroft","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9505-4762","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9505-4762"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alec C Bancroft","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022601269","display_name":"Randy T. Cowling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5815-1512","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5815-1512"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randy T Cowling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027078759","display_name":"Noriaki Ono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-8230","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-8230"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noriaki Ono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-8230","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005287118","display_name":"Abdulaziz Binrayes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1601-4901","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1601-4901"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul-Aziz Binrayes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064906147","display_name":"Barry Greenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6605-9385","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6605-9385"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry Greenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029107105","display_name":"Benjamin L\u00e9vi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-7139","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-7139","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0508-1765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Levi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041670277","display_name":"Vesa Kaartinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-510X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-510X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vesa M Kaartinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biologic & Materials Science, University of Michigan School of Dentistry"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biologic & Materials Science, University of Michigan School of Dentistry","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032302705","display_name":"Renny T. Franceschi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1405-2541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1405-2541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renny T Franceschi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan","Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan","Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1405-2541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11679","display_name":"Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11679","display_name":"Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10268","display_name":"Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discoidin-domain-receptor-2","display_name":"discoidin domain receptor 2","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ddr2","display_name":"DDR2","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/craniofacial-development","display_name":"craniofacial development","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collagen-receptor","display_name":"collagen receptor","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extracellular-matrix","display_name":"extracellular matrix","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chondrocyte-proliferation","display_name":"chondrocyte proliferation","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchondrosis","display_name":"synchondrosis","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontal-suture","display_name":"frontal suture","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gli1","display_name":"Gli1","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chondrogenesis","display_name":"chondrogenesis","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-formation","display_name":"bone formation","score":0.6209999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776305115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24727589","display_name":"Discoidin domain","level":4,"score":0.9446138739585876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152681006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17854856","display_name":"DDR1","level":4,"score":0.7944087982177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781245598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5182134","display_name":"Craniofacial","level":2,"score":0.5506776571273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4319849908351898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.39232000708580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.33723342418670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.30542999505996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.29922497272491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.279506117105484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19490551948547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.10381042957305908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09079441428184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101544691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420511","display_name":"Receptor tyrosine kinase","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1336409049","display_name":"eLife","issn_l":"2050-084X","issn":["2050-084X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311710","host_organization_name":"eLife Sciences Publications Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311710"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["eLife Sciences Publications Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"peer-review"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.77257.sa2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1336409049","display_name":"eLife","issn_l":"2050-084X","issn":["2050-084X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311710","host_organization_name":"eLife Sciences Publications Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311710"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["eLife Sciences Publications Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"peer-review"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4317479295","https://openalex.org/W4289021688","https://openalex.org/W2997445829","https://openalex.org/W2118941667","https://openalex.org/W4210943377","https://openalex.org/W2123193757","https://openalex.org/W2111561085","https://openalex.org/W2069517146","https://openalex.org/W1983420562","https://openalex.org/W2761500804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Article":[0,22],"Figures":[1],"and":[2,13,23,38,77,108,119,137,143,156,166,170,188,206,218,241,260,264,266,282,330,337,379,389,391,420,465,483,511,524,572,616,625,638,641,683,694,715,764,801,843,845,867,900,936,963,967,974,1011,1031,1048,1076,1086,1122,1151,1171,1203,1251,1316,1329,1374,1384,1395,1406,1422,1430,1437,1539,1541,1546,1623,1628,1651,1681,1695,1755,1782,1786,1795,1802,1812,1821,1872,1923,1981,1998,2025,2041,2105,2142,2150,2158,2195,2207,2229,2235,2346,2357,2363,2415,2421,2440,2479,2524,2577,2581,2599,2668,2698,2705,2722,2740,2765,2817,2854,2865,2870,2964,2979,3001,3040,3046,3058,3113,3130,3140,3156,3231,3240,3251,3278,3291,3304,3340,3373,3398,3438,3443,3446,3449,3462,3489,3554,3578,3589,3602,3613,3689,3701,3764,3778,3784,3804,3807,3836,3841,3923,3928,3934,3961,3985,3989,4007,4023,4054,4067,4110,4135,4146,4157,4183,4217,4232,4241],"data":[3,2079,2646,2663,2927],"Abstract":[4,27],"Editor's":[5,220],"evaluation":[6,221],"eLife":[7,294],"digest":[8,295],"Introduction":[9,674],"Results":[10,1433],"Discussion":[11],"Materials":[12],"methods":[14],"Data":[15,1959,2457,2622],"availability":[16],"References":[17],"Decision":[18,286],"letter":[19,287],"Author":[20],"response":[21],"author":[24],"information":[25,628],"Metrics":[26],"Development":[28],"of":[29,46,84,198,229,232,269,276,377,404,407,435,456,462,477,528,570,587,598,614,649,668,711,731,760,807,817,889,929,970,978,986,1017,1069,1088,1144,1157,1183,1286,1290,1300,1312,1324,1336,1409,1450,1460,1499,1531,1586,1611,1631,1637,1817,1831,1834,1847,1869,1886,1901,1920,1929,1940,1985,2161,2226,2251,2259,2300,2319,2323,2361,2405,2423,2435,2448,2477,2484,2487,2498,2522,2567,2571,2579,2615,2694,2720,2848,2881,2914,2960,2986,3038,3052,3094,3102,3134,3160,3179,3263,3345,3358,3365,3376,3388,3395,3469,3481,3542,3546,3564,3567,3581,3596,3599,3639,3674,3686,3696,3748,3824,3937,3943,3992,4009,4050,4095,4108,4112,4126,4161,4236],"the":[30,39,54,81,180,230,233,242,250,313,320,347,366,371,375,405,418,445,454,459,463,480,521,537,548,561,568,596,609,612,636,647,650,658,666,681,706,712,726,732,761,808,818,829,840,854,858,950,975,1032,1070,1142,1161,1272,1291,1313,1332,1341,1371,1387,1410,1448,1480,1514,1532,1584,1609,1675,1706,1883,1902,1938,2118,2138,2156,2165,2180,2189,2205,2224,2227,2243,2249,2266,2292,2305,2320,2419,2564,2684,2688,2692,2716,2814,2830,2839,2846,2889,2920,2956,2983,2987,3098,3135,3217,3313,3325,3349,3355,3361,3371,3432,3436,3470,3482,3493,3514,3650,3682,3693,3716,3731,3761,3780,3825,3879,3981,4001,4043,4047,4064,4096,4131,4191,4229],"craniofacial":[31,71,88,102,152,199,234,698,943,991,1132,1184,1236,1350,1453,3350,3363,3535,3826,3852,4101],"skeleton":[32,235,699,1293,3351],"requires":[33,236],"interactions":[34,48,237,622,957,988,1028],"between":[35,238,623,1029,2438,2596,2763,3111,3229],"progenitor":[36,150,239,507,1305,3798,3818,3873],"cells":[37,240,378,410,510,513,562,624,738,793,947,1030,1328,1362,2532,2574,2617,3000,3378,3714,3734,3799,3819,3829,3848,3874,3979,4040,4045,4070,4212],"collagen-rich":[40,243,951],"extracellular":[41,244,922,1060],"matrix":[42,245,923,2891,2907,2922],"(ECM).":[43,246],"The":[44,247,272,697,786,874,921,2125,2176,2274,3385,3420],"mediators":[45],"these":[47,438,516,588,987,1275,1413,3307],"are":[49,67,303,310,315,532,567,685,725,1013,1081,1423,1462,1743,1960,2458,2624,3627,4076],"not":[50,91,1100,1278,1972,2044,2468,2638,2760,2787,2827,3310,3727,4189],"well-defined.":[51],"Mutations":[52],"in":[53,87,101,149,184,370,423,458,505,547,585,635,680,689,705,751,839,857,880,1137,1239,1288,1302,1326,1349,1370,1386,1418,1427,1442,1452,1464,1479,1523,1548,1563,1570,1580,1608,1640,1644,1674,1688,1705,1714,1740,1747,1773,1806,1882,1896,1933,1937,1942,1954,2005,2015,2033,2084,2097,2131,2171,2212,2242,2248,2265,2291,2313,2350,2380,2429,2442,2455,2492,2511,2529,2535,2546,2575,2593,2618,2623,2652,2672,2691,2710,2715,2734,2738,2742,2768,2809,2821,2888,2900,2919,2955,2992,3013,3032,3056,3065,3083,3097,3108,3127,3138,3153,3165,3193,3216,3224,3246,3271,3288,3294,3312,3324,3348,3431,3478,3492,3513,3534,3549,3574,3611,3621,3629,3656,3666,3681,3707,3713,3729,3756,3760,3773,3779,3793,3796,3816,3833,3864,3871,3908,3954,3976,3980,3986,4019,4034,4042,4046,4055,4141,4180,4190,4209,4213,4228,4239],"discoidin":[55,353,1055,1066],"domain":[56,354,1008,1057,1068],"receptor":[57,205,355,361,1018],"2":[58,356,756,1796,2222,2329,2496,2664,3022,3176,3260,3935,3952,4084],"gene":[59,86,348],"(DDR2),":[60,357],"which":[61,358,575,1458,3820],"encodes":[62],"a":[63,193,334,350,360,643,758,832,1014,1053,1181,1187,1193,1197,1474,1519,1655,1664,1878,1926,2054,2185,2239,2807,3003,3010,3213,3380,3393,3891,3977,4010,4027,4234],"non-integrin":[64],"collagen":[65,132,204,214,408,1084,1106,1428,2869,2884,2952,2974,3210],"receptor,":[66],"associated":[68,129,342,486,739,1179,1307,1357,1744,2143,2316,2799,2851,3320,3781,4218],"with":[69,130,162,254,319,343,415,425,487,709,740,815,836,949,1024,1168,1180,1196,1308,1358,1375,1425,1552,1599,1698,1730,1745,1761,1778,2009,2063,2192,2216,2317,2330,2539,2605,2745,2777,2800,2852,2916,3021,3169,3190,3298,3321,3523,3653,3831,3900,3913,4083,4199],"human":[70,372,655,882,1131],"abnormalities,":[72],"such":[73,396,884,1090,1692,2038],"as":[74,397,451,453,885,1366,1391,1693,1962,2039,2460,2626,3007,3497,3710,3712],"midface":[75,3434],"hypoplasia":[76,114,2341],"open":[78,1190,2030],"fontanels.":[79],"However,":[80,1271,2894,3283,3507,3723],"exact":[82],"role":[83,455,1129],"this":[85,202,449,580,1728,2778,2842,2941,3425,3887,3999],"morphogenesis":[89,200],"is":[90,147,210,252,341,359,365,813,831,925,1063,1108,1178,1277,1356,2013,2100,2111,2378,2427,2453,2509,2544,2798,3081,3163,3319,3743,3861,3870,4004,4226],"known.":[92],"As":[93,139],"will":[94,274],"be":[95,275,441,503,662],"shown,":[96],"Ddr2-deficient":[97,270,1233,1338,1443,1549,1641,1660,1741,2306,2735,2764,2822,2901,2993,3033,3295,3366],"mice":[98,424,439,493,529,1234,1444,1550,1642,1646,1742,1788,1820,1936,1956,2007,2133,2173,2214,2253,2268,2446,2494,2537,2597,2767,2966,3070,3233,3280,3571,3607,3644,3669,3899,3910],"exhibit":[99],"defects":[100,127,485,546,688,1746,2312,3031],"bones":[103,535,618,973,1588,1615,1678,1922,2198,2697,2819,3133,3159,3254,3995,4163],"including":[104,154,333,386,744,1186,1243,3435,3800],"impaired":[105,1252,1751,1774,2126],"calvarial":[106,723,796,809,1253,1587,1666,1921,1948,3651,3736,3994,4002,4052,4073,4162],"growth":[107,123,549,586,704,710,730,797,816,834,859,1164,1289,1314,1408,1436,1777,2096,2129,2258],"frontal":[109,1403,1438,1592,1638,1708,1752,1756,1780,1930,1951,1993,2031],"suture":[110,1360,1401,1709,1753,1783,1952,1994,2000,3575,3683,3983,4036,4142],"formation,":[111,1402],"cranial":[112,716,733,819,875,890,972,1372,1388,1536,1543,1690,1861,1865,1906,1910,1914,2119,2139,2168,2182,2368,2411,2449,2619,2695,2802,3136,3161,3326,3483,3552,3555,3657,3801,3834,3881,3956,3982,4020,4035,4172],"base":[113,539,820,876,1544,2120,2140,2169,2183,2340,2369,2412,2450,2620,2649,2696,2803,3137,3162,4173],"due":[115,533,544,1528,2342],"to":[116,168,279,305,443,473,534,541,545,583,592,664,670,965,1065,1095,1483,1529,1582,2136,2187,2283,2343,2410,2503,2755,2950,2999,3016,3360,3664,3822,3839,3851,4152],"aberrant":[117],"chondrogenesis":[118,2104,3323],"delayed":[120,1992,2106,3341],"ossification":[121,824,1254,2108,2116],"at":[122,536,804,1727,1791,1899,2117,2495,3412,3416,3424,3460,3930,3950,4130,4178,4204],"plate":[124,835,860,1315],"synchondroses.":[125,827,2352,2370,2621,3034,3048],"These":[126,190,308,956,1471,2926],"were":[128,1606,1686,1789,1894,2043,2209,2603,2731,2976,2995,3188,3227,3274,3281,3309,3704,3926],"abnormal":[131,1172,1248,1779,1999,2103,2801,3322,3333],"fibril":[133,2935,2953,3338],"organization,":[134,215],"chondrocyte":[135,216,1431,2314,2344,2348,2505,2718,2810,3331,3615,3766,4186],"proliferation":[136,2349,2704,2811,2824],"polarization.":[138],"established":[140,179],"by":[141,201,822,872,1034,1111,1393,1597,2047,2102,2114,2233,2270,2789,3009,3894],"localization":[142,259,1299],"lineage-tracing":[144,3892],"studies,":[145,263],"Ddr2":[146,183,1287,1325,1451,1466,1481,1600,1770,2087,2098,2655,2675,2790,2796,3317,3346,3389,3429,3532,3547,3609,3647,3679,3741,3751,3789,3813,3860],"expressed":[148,3863],"cell-enriched":[151],"regions":[153,1903,2773,3626,3794,4216],"sutures":[155,1639,1653,2032,3665,3835,3845,3963],"synchondrosis":[157,830,861,2107,2699,2832,3167,4174,4215],"resting":[158,837,855,2504,2853,2958,3612,3762,3808,4181],"zone":[159,842,1310,2719,2959,3100,3219,3768,4193,4231],"cartilage,":[160],"overlapping":[161],"GLI1":[163,3832],"+":[164,2531,2573,4211],"cells,":[165,508,574],"contributing":[167,3838,4151],"chondrogenic":[169,3842],"osteogenic":[171,799,3840],"lineages":[172,3843],"during":[173,654,1130,1141,3745,4099],"skull":[174,331,421,484,538,617,639,651,672,682,1138,1435,1461,1524,1565,1571,1677,1738,1749,1776,1804,1851,1875,1885,1897,1988,2095,2128],"growth.":[175],"Tissue-specific":[176],"knockouts":[177],"further":[178,1576,2836],"requirement":[181],"for":[182,196,212,362,448,645,729,927,1083,1274,1368,2687,2781,3177,3261,3918,3949,4072,4106],"GLI":[185],"+skeletal":[186],"progenitors":[187,569,4094],"chondrocytes.":[189,2893,3624,3809],"studies":[191],"establish":[192],"cellular":[194,446,2685,3356],"basis":[195,447,644,1273,2686],"regulation":[197],"understudied":[203],"suggest":[207,2928],"that":[208,302,345,427,494,500,520,551,560,563,619,790,1062,1091,1107,1354,1363,1379,1670,2154,2204,2304,2929,3740,3812,3849,3947],"DDR2":[209,429,457,478,501,531,566,669,1092,1125,1155,1301,1347,1355,1399,1414,2930,3359,3869],"necessary":[211],"proper":[213],"proliferation,":[217,864,960,3332],"orientation.":[219,2938],"This":[222,627,811,1176,3659,3738,3810],"fundamental":[223],"work":[224,273],"substantially":[225],"advances":[226],"our":[227,306],"understanding":[228,1447,2683],"development":[231,461,1250,3823],"evidence":[248],"supporting":[249,374],"conclusions":[251],"compelling,":[253],"rigorous":[255],"biochemical":[256],"assays,":[257],"state-of-the-art":[258],"lineage":[261,4098],"tracing":[262],"phenotype":[265,1335,3364],"genetic":[267,321,742],"analysis":[268,1512,1619,2202],"mice.":[271,1339,1470,1808,1890,2089,2583,2657,2677,3115,3142,3403,3905],"broad":[277,3428,3646],"interest":[278],"cell":[280,384,931,959,1283,1420,2703,3883],"biologists":[281],"developmental":[283],"biologists.":[284],"https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.77257.sa0":[285],"Reviews":[288],"on":[289,409,412,553,595,621,848,1058,1346,1496,2147,3692,4123],"Sciety":[290],"eLife's":[291],"review":[292],"process":[293,812,3441],"We":[296,1280,1352,1492,1575,2145,2750],"each":[297],"have":[298,327],"unique":[299,1015,1054],"facial":[300,329,419,482,615],"features":[301,309],"key":[304],"identities.":[307],"inherited,":[311],"but":[312,1099,2035,2282,2758,3617,3769,4188],"mechanisms":[314,610],"poorly":[316],"understood.":[317,1279],"People":[318],"disease":[322],"spondylo-meta-epiphyseal":[323,1166],"dysplasia,":[324,897,1167],"or":[325,399,1613,1945,2771,3619,3771],"SMED,":[326,599],"characteristic":[328,481,527],"abnormalities":[332,422,634,676,992,1185,1276],"flattened":[335],"face":[336,464,526,637,684],"shortened":[338,522],"skull.":[339,466,1411],"SMED":[340,436,1240],"mutations":[344,426,1159],"inactivate":[346],"encoding":[349],"protein":[351,369,581,755,4115],"called":[352,826],"collagen.":[363,626],"Collagen":[364],"major":[367,1684,2287,3106,3880],"structural":[368],"body,":[373],"structure":[376],"tissues.":[380,589],"It":[381],"also":[382,558,604,1662,1712,2052,2279,2751,2786,3705,3754,3862],"controls":[383,1400,2747],"behaviors":[385],"growth,":[387,1750],"migration":[388],"differentiation,":[390,866,933,962],"it":[392,660],"helps":[393],"form":[394,1380,2155,3878],"tissues":[395,721],"cartilage":[398,509,571,2890,3479,3491],"bone.":[400,873,2401],"At":[401,2221,3968,3998,4222],"least":[402,3951],"some":[403,1722],"effects":[406],"depend":[411,552,620],"its":[413],"interaction":[414],"DDR2.":[416],"Since":[417,3859],"stop":[428],"from":[430,1147,1700,1717,2962,3043,3401,3569,3605,3642,4078],"working":[431],"correctly":[432,543],"resemble":[433],"those":[434],"patients,":[437],"can":[440,989,1364,3877],"used":[442,492,2949,3890,4105],"understand":[444,474],"disease,":[450],"well":[452,3711],"embryonic":[460,3472],"Therefore,":[467,4063],"Mohamed":[468,489,555,600,1267],"et":[469,490,556,601,771,775,779,783,904,908,914,918,939,982,994,998,1004,1040,1044,1114,1118,1206,1210,1214,1218,1222,1226,1230,1256,1260,1264,1268,1295,1489,1508,2122,3504,3856],"al.":[470,491,557],"set":[471],"out":[472],"how":[475,632,646],"loss":[476,1156,2318,2483],"causes":[479,597],"SMED.":[488],"had":[495,1654,1663,2053,3002],"been":[496,878],"genetically":[497],"modified":[498],"so":[499],"could":[502],"inactivated":[504],"skeletal":[506,945,979,1304,3797,3817,3872,4097],"bone":[512,678,703,802,1317,1334,1404,1534,1593,1667,1757,1781,1931,2056,2163,2170,2178,2261,2277,2295,2437,2451,3302,3717,3782,3853,3882,4003,4048,4068,4074,4158,4219],"(osteoblasts).":[514],"Examining":[515],"mice,":[517,1702,1720,2823,2878,3367],"they":[518],"found":[519],"skulls":[523,1501,1633,1716,1732,2302,2365,2406,3544,3641,3677,3925],"flat":[525],"lacking":[530,579],"failing":[540],"elongate":[542],"centers":[550,825],"cartilage.":[554],"discovered":[559],"normally":[564],"produce":[565],"bone-forming":[573],"partly":[576],"explains":[577],"why":[578],"leads":[582],"issues":[584],"In":[590,657,1340,1557,1648,1736,2402,2876,2971,2989,3315],"addition":[591],"shedding":[593],"light":[594],"al.\u2019s":[602],"results":[603,1699,1772],"provide":[605,642],"general":[606],"insights":[607],"into":[608,2838],"controlling":[611],"formation":[613,679,803,1440,1636,1995,3303,3854,4075],"may":[629,661,2812,2931],"help":[630],"explain":[631,2813,2829],"other":[633],"emerge,":[640],"shape":[648],"has":[652,877,3814],"changed":[653],"evolution.":[656],"future,":[659],"possible":[663],"manipulate":[665],"activity":[667,1417,3408,3475,3510,3725],"correct":[671],"defects.":[673],"Craniofacial":[675],"affecting":[677],"common":[686],"birth":[687,3922],"humans":[690,1146],"(Fish,":[691],"2016;":[692,777,1220,1258],"Trainor":[693],"Richtsmeier,":[695],"2015).":[696,785,1510,3858],"forms":[700,2179],"through":[701,798,953],"regulated":[702],"calvarium":[707],"synchronized":[708],"developing":[713,3433,3494,3500,3515,3987],"brain":[714,3516],"base.":[717,1389,1866],"Cranial":[718,2339,2648,3844],"sutures,":[719,1691,2037,2070,3802,3865,4021],"fibrous":[720],"adjoining":[722],"bones,":[724,3688,4053],"principal":[727],"sites":[728],"vault.":[734],"Sutures":[735],"contain":[736,1052,1473,3846],"stem":[737,792,930,946,1361,3847],"several":[741],"markers":[743],"glioma-associated":[745],"oncogene":[746],"1":[747,768,1760,1762,1826,1839,2080,2331,2647,3524],"(Gli1),":[748],"an":[749,1127,1485,1561,4207],"intermediate":[750],"hedgehog":[752],"signaling,":[753],"Axin-related":[754],"(Axin2),":[757],"component":[759],"Wnt":[762],"pathway,":[763],"paired":[765],"related":[766],"homeobox":[767],"(Prrx1)":[769],"(Lana-Elola":[770],"al.,":[772,776,780,784,905,909,915,919,940,983,995,999,1005,1041,1045,1115,1119,1207,1211,1215,1219,1223,1227,1231,1257,1261,1265,1269,1296,1490,1509,2123,3505,3857],"2007;":[773],"Maruyama":[774],"Wilk":[778],"2017;":[781],"Zhao":[782],"current":[787],"paradigm":[788],"suggests":[789,3811],"sutural":[791,805],"allow":[794],"continued":[795],"differentiation":[800],"edges":[806],"bones.":[810,1949,2144,3583,3737],"coordinated":[814],"mediated":[821],"endochondral":[823,852,2115,3342],"Histologically,":[828],"mirror-image":[833],"chondrocytes":[838,847,856,1311,1330,1378,2325,2489,2856,2861,2915,3064,3076,3290,3776],"central":[841,2957],"proliferative":[844,2324,2488,2717,2855,3614,3765,4184,4240],"hypertrophic":[846,865,1381,2860,3099,3218,3289,3623,3775,4192],"both":[849],"sides.":[850],"During":[851,942,3404],"ossification,":[853],"undergo":[862],"sequential":[863],"apoptosis":[868,2669],"before":[869],"being":[870,1135],"replaced":[871],"implicated":[879],"many":[881],"syndromes":[883],"craniosynostosis":[886],"(premature":[887],"closure":[888],"sutures),":[891],"Down":[892],"syndrome,":[893,895],"Turner":[894],"cleidocranial":[896],"cleft":[898],"palate,":[899],"osteogenesis":[901],"imperfecta":[902],"(Cheung":[903],"2011;":[906,996],"McGrath":[907],"2012;":[910],"Nie,":[911],"2005;":[912],"Paliga":[913],"2014;":[916,1208],"Tahiri":[917],"2014).":[920],"(ECM)":[924],"critical":[926],"maintenance":[928],"niches,":[932],"organ":[934],"development,":[935,944,1454,3406],"remodeling":[937,964],"(Lu":[938,993],"2011).":[941,1232],"interact":[948],"ECM":[952,1033,2804,2849,3030,3335],"cell-surface":[954],"receptors.":[955],"regulate":[958,2932],"migration,":[961],"control":[966,2766,2972],"maintain":[968],"shapes":[969],"individual":[971],"relative":[976,3015],"proportions":[977],"elements":[980],"(Erlebacher":[981],"1995).":[984],"Disruption":[985],"cause":[990,1160],"Erlebacher":[997],"1995;":[1000],"Velleman,":[1001],"2000;":[1002],"Kuivaniemi":[1003],"1997).":[1006],"Discoidin":[1007],"receptors":[1009],"(DDR1":[1010],"DDR2)":[1012],"class":[1016],"tyrosine":[1019],"kinases":[1020],"(RTKs)":[1021],"that,":[1022],"together":[1023],"\u03b21":[1025],"integrins,":[1026],"mediate":[1027],"specifically":[1035],"binding":[1036],"triple-helical":[1037],"collagens":[1038,1097],"(Vogel":[1039,1113],"1997;":[1042,1046,1116,1120],"Shrivastava":[1043,1117],"Leitinger":[1047,1121],"Hohenester,":[1049,1077],"2007).":[1050,1078],"DDRs":[1051,1089],"(DS)":[1056],"their":[1059],"surface":[1061,2566,3652,3695],"homologous":[1064],"I-like":[1067],"slime":[1071],"mold":[1072],"Dictyostelium":[1073],"discoideum":[1074],"(Leitinger":[1075],"DS":[1079],"domains":[1080],"required":[1082],"recognition":[1085],"specificity":[1087],"preferentially":[1093],"binds":[1094],"fibrillar":[1096],"I-III,":[1098],"nonfibrillar":[1101],"basement":[1102],"membrane":[1103],"type":[1104,2882],"IV":[1105],"exclusively":[1109],"recognized":[1110],"DDR1":[1112],"Kwan,":[1123],"2006).":[1124],"plays":[1126],"important":[1128],"morphogenesis,":[1133],"possibly":[1134],"involved":[1136],"changes":[1139,1426,1893,1941,2592,2690,2825,3107],"occurring":[1140],"evolution":[1143],"modern":[1145],"archaic":[1148],"hominins":[1149],"(Kuhlwilm":[1150],"Boeckx,":[1152],"2019).":[1153],"Moreover,":[1154],"function":[1158,1449],"autosomal":[1162],"recessive":[1163],"disorder,":[1165],"short":[1169,1194,1244],"limbs":[1170],"calcifications":[1173],"(SMED,":[1174],"SL-AC).":[1175],"disorder":[1177],"number":[1182],"prominent":[1188,1673],"forehead,":[1189],"fontanelles,":[1191],"hypertelorism,":[1192],"nose":[1195],"depressed":[1198],"nasal":[1199,1533,1854,3440,3487],"bridge,":[1200],"long":[1201],"philtrum":[1202],"micrognathia":[1204],"(Alkindi":[1205],"Ali":[1209],"2010;":[1212],"Bargal":[1213],"2009;":[1216,1228],"Mansouri":[1217],"\u00dcrel-Demir":[1221],"2018;":[1224],"Smithson":[1225],"Rozovsky":[1229],"recapitulate":[1235],"phenotypes":[1237],"seen":[1238,1713,2290,2820,3311,3415,3459,3706,3728],"SL-AC":[1241],"patients":[1242],"snout,":[1245,1801],"protruding":[1246],"eyes,":[1247],"tooth":[1249,3501],"(Ge":[1255],"Kano":[1259],"2008;":[1262],"Labrador":[1263],"2001;":[1266],"2020).":[1270,3506],"recently":[1281],"described":[1282,1505],"autonomous":[1284],"functions":[1285,1348,1415,3357,3815],"appendicular":[1292],"(Mohamed":[1294,3503],"2022).":[1297,2124],"Preferential":[1298],"GLI1-positive":[1303],"populations":[1306,1421],"resting/growth":[1309],"marrow":[1318,1668,2057,3718,3783,4011,4049,4159,4220],"was":[1319,1595,1671,1711,1725,2231,2245,2262,2278,2289,2785,2885,2897,2909,2948,3286,3390,3409,3458,3476,3511,3726,3753,3791,3911,4017],"demonstrated":[1320],"while":[1321,2238,3068],"conditional":[1322,1396],"inactivation":[1323,1397],"Gli1-expressing":[1327],"phenocopied":[1331],"dwarf":[1333],"globally":[1337],"present":[1342],"study,":[1343],"we":[1344,1455,1559,2701,2844,3368,3866,3889],"focus":[1345],"development.":[1351,4102],"show":[1353],"putative":[1359],"serve":[1365],"precursors":[1367],"osteoblasts/osteocytes":[1369],"vault":[1373,1537],"synchondrosis-associated":[1376],"resting/proliferating":[1377],"chondrocytes,":[1382,3329],"osteoblasts,":[1383,4065],"osteocytes":[1385,4056,4153],"Furthermore,":[1390],"shown":[1392,2014,2379,2428,2454,2510,2545,3082,3628],"global":[1394,1465],"approaches,":[1398],"thickness":[1405,1585,1594,1610],"anterior/posterior":[1407],"Notably,":[1412],"involve":[1416],"different":[1419],"correlated":[1424],"organization":[1429,2315,2486,2805],"polarity.":[1432],"Anterior-posterior":[1434],"suture/bone":[1439],"impairment":[1441],"To":[1445,2681,2834,2939,3352,3885],"begin":[1446,2682,3353],"first":[1456,3369,3410],"defined":[1457],"parts":[1459],"altered":[1463],"deficiency":[1467,1771,2099,2791,2797,3318],"using":[1468,1503,1620,3237,3379,3392],"Ddr2slie/slie":[1469,1719,1819,1887,1935,1955,2006,2050,2132,2172,2213,2364,2443,2493,2536,2582,2598,2965,3047,3069,3114,3141,3166,3232,3279],"animals":[1472],"spontaneous":[1475],"150":[1476],"kb":[1477],"deletion":[1478],"locus":[1482],"generate":[1484],"effective":[1486],"null":[1487],"(Kano":[1488],"2008).":[1491],"performed":[1493,2752],"linear":[1494,2082,2650],"measurements":[1495,1843,2083,2651],"micro-CT":[1497],"scans":[1498,1833,1919,2359],"3-month-old":[1500,1718,1818,1835,1934,3667],"(n=10)":[1502],"previously":[1504,3498],"landmarks":[1506],"(Vora":[1507],"Our":[1511,2201],"along":[1513,1844,2191,2982],"anterior-posterior":[1515,1775,2094],"(AP)":[1516],"axis":[1517,1846,2985],"revealed":[1518,2303,3427,3678,3973],"significant":[1520,1604,1927,2240],"reduction":[1521,1928,2528,2808],"(12%)":[1522,2254],"length":[1525,1805],"(SL)":[1526],"mainly":[1527,2112,2714],"shortening":[1530,2434],"(NB),":[1535],"(CV),":[1538],"anterior":[1540,1564,1676,1860,1870,1884,2157],"posterior":[1542,1707,1864,1873,1913,2159],"(ACB":[1545],"PCB)":[1547],"compared":[1551,1790,2008,2062,2215,2538,2744,3168,3297],"WT":[1553,1785,1822,1889,2217,2362,2445,2540,2580,2746,2963,3017,3045,3066,3112,3139,3170,3230,3277],"littermates":[1554,2218],"(Figure":[1555,1573,1589,1616,1658,1679,1734,2174,2199,2219,2255,2272,2296,2326,2724,2748,2774,2792,2923,2967,3234,3255,3452,3464,3517,3670,3698,3719,3786,3939,3964,3996,4057],"1a\u2013c).":[1556],"addition,":[1558],"detected":[1560,3411,3477,3512,3755],"increase":[1562,1880,2241,4208],"width":[1566,1876,2225,2420],"without":[1567],"any":[1568,1900],"change":[1569],"height":[1572,1898,2244,2422],"1d\u2013e).":[1574],"selected":[1577],"orthogonal":[1578],"planes":[1579],"MicroView":[1581],"measure":[1583,2756],"1f).":[1590],"Interestingly,":[1591],"reduced":[1596,1665,1703,1803,2347,2733,3287,3330],"55%":[1598,2737],"deficiency;":[1601],"however,":[1602,2728],"no":[1603,2591,3105,3221,3269,3508],"differences":[1605,1685,2762,3223,3270,3308],"observed":[1607,1687,1726,1895,2130,2247,2689,2831,2910,3228,3275,3362],"parietal":[1612,1943],"occipital":[1614,1946,3962],"1f\u2013g).":[1617],"Further":[1618],"Alcian":[1621,1979],"blue":[1622,1980],"Alizarin":[1624,1982],"red":[1625,1983,2416],"whole":[1626,1989,3396,3421],"mount":[1627,3397,3422],"H&E":[1629,2298,2354,2475],"staining":[1630,1984,2028,2299,2355,2476,2520,2586,2708,2780,2880,2908,2918,3037,3109,3126,3225,3245,3264,3272,3285,3423,3540,3563,3595],"2-week-old":[1632,1701,1986,2301,3044],"showed":[1634,1877,2203,2310,3071,3212,3243,3645,3945],"defective":[1635,3301],"(defect":[1643],"3/3":[1645],"examined).":[1647],"contrast,":[1649,2990],"coronal":[1650,1694,2040,2067,3960],"lambdoid":[1652,2042],"normal":[1656],"morphology":[1657,2001],"1h\u2013i).":[1659],"calvaria":[1661,1857,3568,3697,3709,3944,4127],"cavity":[1669,2058],"most":[1672,1715,2166],"1f":[1680],"i).":[1682],"No":[1683,1892,2286],"transverse":[1689,2036,2069],"lambdoid.":[1696],"Consistent":[1697,2776],"mineralization":[1704],"region":[1710,2012,2376,2508,2543,3080],"although":[1721,3220,3306],"phenotypic":[1723],"variability":[1724],"age":[1729,3938],"6/10":[1731],"affected":[1733,2045,2167,2281,2788],"1b).":[1735,3722],"summary,":[1737,3316],"deformities":[1739],"AP":[1748,2127],"mineralization,":[1754,3305],"thickness.":[1758],"Figure":[1759,2077,2328,2644,2661,3019,3173,3257,3521,4059,4081],"supplement":[1763,2332,2794,2969,3175,3259,3519,3525,3721,3966,4061],"see":[1764,2333,3024,3526,4086],"all":[1765,2334,3025,3527,3955,4087,4214],"Download":[1766,2091,2335,2659,2679,3026,3528,4088],"asset":[1767,1769,2336,2338,3027,3029,3529,3531,4089,4091],"Open":[1768,2337,3028,3530,4090],"formation.":[1784],"Ddr2slielsile":[1787,1807],"3":[1792,2784,3020],"months":[1793,3936,3953],"(a\u2013g)":[1794],"weeks":[1797,2497,4014],"(h,i).":[1798],"(a-c)":[1799],"Short":[1800],"(a)":[1809,2353,3049,3537,4103],"Side":[1810],"(upper)":[1811,2356],"top":[1813],"(lower)":[1814,2360],"head":[1815],"views":[1816],"littermates.":[1823,2541,3171],"Scale":[1824,1837,2019,2073,2371,2514,2549,2609,3087,3116,3143,3182,3557,3584,3633,4166],"bar:":[1825,1838,2020,2074,2372,2515,2550,2610,3088,3117,3144,3183,3558,3585,3634,4167],"cm.":[1827],"(b)":[1828,3091,3561,4120],"3D":[1829],"rendering":[1830],"\u03bcCT":[1832,1918,2358,2403],"skulls.":[1836],"mm.":[1840],"(c)":[1841,3120,3593],"Linear":[1842],"anteroposterior":[1845],"skulls,":[1848],"where":[1849,2903,4038],"SL:":[1850],"length;":[1852],"NB:":[1853],"bone;":[1855,2395,2398,3202,3205],"CV:":[1856],"vault;":[1858],"ACB:":[1859],"base;":[1862],"PCB:":[1863],"(d)":[1867,3147],"Quantification":[1868,2614],"(ant.)":[1871],"(post.)":[1874],"selective":[1879],"only":[1881,2246],"vs":[1888,2444],"(e)":[1891,2518],"measured":[1904],"(anterior":[1905],"height,":[1907,1911,1915],"ACH;":[1908],"middle":[1909,4230],"MCH;":[1912],"PCH).":[1916],"(f,g)":[1917],"quantification":[1924,3262],"showing":[1925,2366,2482,2527,3060,3104,3123,3150,3545,3572,4137,4176],"(blue)":[1932,3192],"absence":[1939],"(orange)":[1944],"(green)":[1947,2521,3541],"Note":[1950],"defect":[1953],"(red":[1957,2490],"asterisk).":[1958],"presented":[1961,2459,2625],"mean":[1963,2461,2627],"\u00b1":[1964,2462,2628],"SD.":[1965,2463],"(n=10).":[1966,2464],"*p<0.01,":[1967,2465],"**p<0.01,":[1968],"***p<0.001,":[1969,2635],"****p<0.0001,":[1970,2466,2636],"ns,":[1971,2467,2637],"significant,":[1973,2469,2639],"two-tailed":[1974,2470,2640],"unpaired":[1975,2471,2641],"t":[1976,2472,2642],"test.":[1977,2473,2643],"(h)":[1978,2613],"mouse":[1987,3383],"mounts":[1990,3638,3942],"shows":[1991,2029,2590,4206,4233],"(yellow":[1996],"arrow)":[1997],"(white":[2002,2533,3077,4139],"dotted":[2003,2561,4196],"lines)":[2004],"WT.":[2010,2064,2600],"Boxed":[2011,2375,2507,2542,3079,3625],"higher":[2016,2381,2512,2547,3084,3630],"magnification;":[2017],"right.":[2018,3592,3632],"100":[2021,2075,2516,2551,3586,4168],"\u03bcm.":[2022,2076,2374,2517,2552,2612,3090,3119,3146,3185,3560,3636,4169],"(i)":[2023],"Hematoxylin":[2024],"eosin":[2026],"(H&E)":[2027],"Ddr2slie/slie,":[2034],"(highlighted":[2046],"yellow":[2048,2414],"lines).":[2049],"calvariae":[2051],"smaller":[2055,2815],"(Bm,":[2059],"white":[2060,2726],"arrows)":[2061],"Frontal":[2065],"suture,":[2066],"section;":[2068],"sagittal":[2071],"section.":[2072],"1\u2014source":[2078],"Skull":[2081,2109],"Wildtype":[2085,2653,2673],"versus":[2086,2654,2674],"knockout":[2088,2252,2267,2656,2676],"https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/77257/elife-77257-fig1-data1-v3.xlsx":[2090],"elife-77257-fig1-data1-v3.xlsx":[2092],"Reduced":[2093],"explained":[2101],"elongation":[2110],"driven":[2113],"(Hallett":[2121],"prompt":[2134],"us":[2135],"examine":[2137],"synchondroses":[2141,2152,2902,2994,3103],"focused":[2146],"intersphenoid":[2148],"(ISS)":[2149,4175],"spheno-occipital":[2151],"(SOS)":[2153],"borders":[2160],"basisphenoid":[2162,2260,2436],"(BS),":[2164],"2c).":[2175,2273,2297],"BS":[2177,2816],"mid-posterior":[2181],"providing":[2184],"foundation":[2186],"support":[2188],"brain,":[2190],"presphenoid":[2193,2293],"(PS)":[2194,2294],"basio-occipital":[2196,2275],"(BO)":[2197,2276],"2a).":[2200],"ISS":[2206,2228,2439,2478,2523,2576,2721,2739,2770,2961,3039,3057,3600],"SOS":[2208,2230,2250,2441,2480,2525,2578,2723,2772,3041,3059,3296,3603],"abnormally":[2210],"wide":[2211,2367],"2a\u2013d).":[2220],"months,":[2223],"increased":[2232],"187%":[2234],"23%;":[2236],"respectively,":[2237],"2b).":[2256],"Accordingly,":[2257],"significantly":[2263,2280,2732],"inhibited":[2264],"(reduced":[2269],"14%)":[2271],"lesser":[2284],"extent.":[2285],"difference":[2288],"synchondroses,":[2307,2973,3067,3757,3837],"particularly":[2308],"ISS,":[2309],"severe":[2311],"columnar":[2321,2485],"arrangement":[2322],"2d).":[2327],"disorganization":[2345],"Ddr2-knockout":[2351],"500":[2373],"(red)":[2377,3055,3125,3152,4116],"magnification.":[2382,2513,2548],"Br:":[2383,2553,3198],"Brain;":[2384,3199],"t:":[2385],"Tongue.":[2386],"ISS:":[2387],"Intersphenoid":[2388],"synchondrosis;":[2389,2392],"SOS:":[2390],"Spheno-occipital":[2391],"PS:":[2393],"Presphenoid":[2394],"BS:":[2396],"Basisphenoid":[2397],"BO:":[2399],"Basis-occipital":[2400],"scan":[2404],"(lower),":[2407],"arrowheads":[2408],"point":[2409,2502],"synchondroses;":[2413,2424],"lines":[2417,2432,2562],"highlight":[2418,2433],"respectively":[2425],"(Quantification":[2426,2447],"b).":[2430],"Cyan":[2431],"lengths":[2452],"c);":[2456],"(d),":[2474],"sections":[2481,2526,3042,3400,3468,3566,3673,3972,4125],"arrowheads)":[2491,2534,2589,4140],"age.":[2499],"Red":[2500],"arrows":[2501],"zone.":[2506],"EdU":[2519,2530,2572,2707,2729],"Brain,":[2554],"Ms:":[2555,3206],"Muscle;":[2556],"Bm:":[2557,3195],"Bone":[2558,3196],"marrow.":[2559],"White":[2560],"define":[2563],"ventral":[2565,3694],"brain.":[2568],"(f)":[2569],"Percentage":[2570],"(g)":[2584],"TUNEL":[2585,2753],"(brown,":[2587],"black":[2588],"apoptotic":[2594],"levels":[2595],"Cell":[2601,3186],"nuclei":[2602,3187],"stained":[2604,3189],"methyl":[2606],"green":[2607],"(green).":[2608],"50":[2611,3118,3559,3590,3635],"TUNEL-positive":[2616],"SD":[2629],"(panel":[2630],"f,":[2631],"n=5-7;":[2632],"h,":[2633],"n=5).":[2634],"2\u2014source":[2645,2662],"https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/77257/elife-77257-fig2-data1-v3.xlsx":[2658],"elife-77257-fig2-data1-v3.xlsx":[2660],"Proliferation":[2665],"(EdU":[2666],"labeling)":[2667],"(TUNEL":[2670],"assay)":[2671],"https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/77257/elife-77257-fig2-data2-v3.xlsx":[2678],"elife-77257-fig2-data2-v3.xlsx":[2680],"size":[2693],"structure,":[2700],"assessed":[2702],"apoptosis.":[2706],"(shown":[2709],"green)":[2711],"indicated":[2712],"labeling":[2713,3946,3975,4016,4031,4138,4177,4225,4238],"2e,":[2725],"arrowheads);":[2727],"+chondrocytes":[2730],"synchondroses:":[2736],"26%":[2741],"SOS,":[2743],"2f).":[2749],"assay":[2754],"apoptosis,":[2757],"did":[2759],"detect":[2761],"either":[2769],"2g\u2013h).":[2775],"result,":[2779],"cleaved":[2782],"caspase":[2783],"2\u2014figure":[2793],"1).":[2795,2970],"While":[2806],"BO":[2818],"do":[2826],"readily":[2828],"widening.":[2833],"gain":[2835],"insight":[2837],"pathogenesis":[2840],"underlying":[2841],"phenomenon,":[2843],"examined":[2845,3370,3391],"distribution":[2847,2936,3062,3110,3375,3660],"proteins":[2850],"(type":[2857,2862,2867],"II":[2858,2883,2896,2934],"collagen),":[2859],"X":[2863,3209],"collagen)":[2864],"osteoblasts":[2866],"I":[2868,3239],"integrin-binding":[2871],"sialoprotein":[2872],"(IBSP))":[2873],"(Robey,":[2874],"2002).":[2875],"wild-type":[2877],"immunofluorescent":[2879],"homogenously":[2886],"distributed":[2887,2899,2978],"around":[2892,2911,3063,3075,3450],"Col":[2895,2933],"unevenly":[2898],"more":[2904,2996,3004,3662],"intense":[2905,4033],"territorial":[2906],"small":[2912],"clusters":[2913],"diminished":[2917],"interterritorial":[2921],"3a,":[2924],"arrows).":[2925],"and/or":[2937],"explore":[2940],"further,":[2942],"second":[2943],"harmonic":[2944],"generation":[2945],"(SHG)":[2946],"imaging":[2947],"determine":[2951],"orientation":[2954,3006,3339],"3\u2014figure":[2968,3174,3258],"fibrils":[2975,2991],"evenly":[2977],"generally":[2980],"oriented":[2981],"A-P":[2984],"ISS.":[2988,3314],"concentrated":[2997],"adjacent":[2998],"randomized":[3005,3337],"reflected":[3008],"dramatic":[3011],"decrease":[3012],"anisotropy":[3014],"controls.":[3018],"supplements":[3023,4085],"(a-d)":[3035],"Immunofluorescent":[3036,3092,3148],"Representative":[3050],"images":[3051,3093,3122,3149],"COL2":[3053,3334],"immunostaining":[3054,3074,3096,3211],"homogenous":[3061],"uneven,":[3072],"ring-like":[3073],"arrowheads).":[3078],"magnification":[3085]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2023-03-01T00:00:00"}
