{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319783443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","title":"Characteristics of Bio Pellets from Spent Coffee Grounds and Pinewood Charcoal Based on Composition and Grinding Method","display_name":"Characteristics of Bio Pellets from Spent Coffee Grounds and Pinewood Charcoal Based on Composition and Grinding Method","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319783443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","pdf_url":"https://www.woodj.org/download/download_pdf?pid=wood-51-1-23","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764462580","display_name":"Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology","issn_l":"1017-0715","issn":["1017-0715","2233-7180"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["kci-registered","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327872803","host_organization_name":"The Korean Society of Wood Science Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327872803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Korean Society of Wood Science Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.woodj.org/download/download_pdf?pid=wood-51-1-23","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065869686","display_name":"Nopia CAHYANI","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nopia CAHYANI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019061441","display_name":"Andi Detti Yunianti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-9589","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-9589"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154144","display_name":"National Research and Innovation Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02hmjzt55","country_code":"ID","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154144"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andi Detti YUNIANTI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts , National Research and Innovation Agency , Bogor 16911 , Indonesia","Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-9589","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts , National Research and Innovation Agency , Bogor 16911 , Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045972528","display_name":"Suhasman Suhasman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5396-0126","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5396-0126"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SUHASMAN","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022331565","display_name":"Kidung Tirtayasa Putra Pangestu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7341-8967","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7341-8967"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kidung Tirtayasa Putra PANGESTU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061987508","display_name":"Gustan Pari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-7119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-7119"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustan PARI","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7184,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81152418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"1","first_page":"23","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.5077999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.5077999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14256","display_name":"Wood Residue Utilization and Solid Biofuels","score":0.46799999475479126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12118","display_name":"Forest Biomass Utilization and Management","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biopellets","display_name":"biopellets","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spent-coffee-grounds","display_name":"spent coffee grounds","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-pelletization","display_name":"biomass pelletization","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size","display_name":"particle size","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hammer-mill","display_name":"hammer mill","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ball-mill","display_name":"ball mill","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tapioca-binder","display_name":"tapioca binder","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burning-rate","display_name":"burning rate","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calorific-value","display_name":"calorific value","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ash-content","display_name":"ash content","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pellet-quality-standards","display_name":"pellet quality standards","score":0.40299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780584874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575866","display_name":"Pellets","level":2,"score":0.9234920740127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526406351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177463","display_name":"Charcoal","level":2,"score":0.8451666831970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.7283631563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156383657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902126","display_name":"Heat of combustion","level":3,"score":0.72001713514328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17923525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527229","display_name":"Pellet","level":2,"score":0.7107494473457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.564886212348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116065953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153022","display_name":"Briquette","level":3,"score":0.5637260675430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4829375147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156380964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18556","display_name":"Bioenergy","level":3,"score":0.48273369669914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.4731406271457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4480111598968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162857116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908322","display_name":"Torrefaction","level":3,"score":0.43450066447257996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020347786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19903001","display_name":"Coffee grounds","level":2,"score":0.42116957902908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5260166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934258","display_name":"Pelletizing","level":3,"score":0.41009700298309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3709225654602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.34866616129875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.31943479180336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.3160587251186371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.30432409048080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2809112071990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.2586418390274048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.20565691590309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.11831134557723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","pdf_url":"https://www.woodj.org/download/download_pdf?pid=wood-51-1-23","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764462580","display_name":"Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology","issn_l":"1017-0715","issn":["1017-0715","2233-7180"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["kci-registered","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327872803","host_organization_name":"The Korean Society of Wood Science Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327872803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Korean Society of Wood Science Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5658/wood.2023.51.1.23","pdf_url":"https://www.woodj.org/download/download_pdf?pid=wood-51-1-23","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764462580","display_name":"Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology","issn_l":"1017-0715","issn":["1017-0715","2233-7180"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["kci-registered","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327872803","host_organization_name":"The Korean Society of Wood Science Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327872803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Korean Society of Wood Science Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.75},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.4399999976158142}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319783443.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319783443.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1581124509","https://openalex.org/W1618512054","https://openalex.org/W1896813935","https://openalex.org/W1965851201","https://openalex.org/W1996315366","https://openalex.org/W2038126837","https://openalex.org/W2090329312","https://openalex.org/W2093247851","https://openalex.org/W2403683776","https://openalex.org/W2536732259","https://openalex.org/W2734732845","https://openalex.org/W2742018205","https://openalex.org/W2742155148","https://openalex.org/W2745601952","https://openalex.org/W2754059132","https://openalex.org/W2756108009","https://openalex.org/W2765827848","https://openalex.org/W2782571546","https://openalex.org/W2788590890","https://openalex.org/W2789149781","https://openalex.org/W2898857801","https://openalex.org/W2899555204","https://openalex.org/W2902904744","https://openalex.org/W2902976033","https://openalex.org/W2911902250","https://openalex.org/W2916784439","https://openalex.org/W2941522472","https://openalex.org/W2952308715","https://openalex.org/W2964392861","https://openalex.org/W2973358454","https://openalex.org/W2981308500","https://openalex.org/W2993705992","https://openalex.org/W3026186373","https://openalex.org/W3033983793","https://openalex.org/W3035944642","https://openalex.org/W3038871407","https://openalex.org/W3049362621","https://openalex.org/W3080792189","https://openalex.org/W3081134063","https://openalex.org/W3096854759","https://openalex.org/W3118072766","https://openalex.org/W3125658639","https://openalex.org/W3134500719","https://openalex.org/W3137401132","https://openalex.org/W3157211325","https://openalex.org/W3159134157","https://openalex.org/W3184057577","https://openalex.org/W3190732809","https://openalex.org/W3198563535","https://openalex.org/W4210259504","https://openalex.org/W4210654021","https://openalex.org/W4210702729","https://openalex.org/W4210724494","https://openalex.org/W4210778637","https://openalex.org/W4220886506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121006545","https://openalex.org/W4378901964","https://openalex.org/W7123344618","https://openalex.org/W4378904970","https://openalex.org/W7163257816","https://openalex.org/W6911197194","https://openalex.org/W7134164728","https://openalex.org/W859970568","https://openalex.org/W4408892587","https://openalex.org/W4402522891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0,52],"type":[1],"of":[2,30,76,84,122,128,146,162,196,221],"biomass":[3],"that":[4,22,41,54,68],"has":[5,42,63],"promising":[6],"potential":[7],"for":[8],"bio":[9,25,85,151,164,198,222],"pellet":[10,158],"production":[11],"is":[12,58],"spent":[13],"coffee":[14],"grounds":[15],"(SCGs).":[16],"However,":[17],"previous":[18],"studies":[19],"have":[20],"shown":[21],"SCGs":[23,89,119,123],"in":[24,201],"pellets":[26,86,152,165,199,223],"cause":[27],"a":[28,39,43,64,104,109,139,142,156,225],"lot":[29],"smoke.":[31],"Therefore,":[32],"they":[33],"need":[34],"to":[35,47,80,124],"be":[36,56],"mixed":[37,117],"with":[38,88,118,141,203,244],"material":[40,53],"higher":[44,226],"calorific":[45,72,194],"value":[46,195],"produce":[48],"better":[49],"quality":[50,83,161],"pellets.":[51],"can":[55,69],"used":[57,138],"pine":[59,91,125],"wood":[60,92,114,126],"because":[61],"it":[62],"natural":[65],"resin":[66],"content":[67,211],"increase":[70],"the":[71,82,136,147,163,176,197,207,215,230,234,239],"value.":[73],"The":[74,98,150,160,187,218],"aim":[75],"this":[77],"study":[78],"was":[79,100,116,166],"examine":[81],"produced":[87,154],"and":[90,130,135,175,184,193,209,233],"charcoal":[93,99,115,127],"at":[94,120],"different":[95],"particle":[96],"sizes.":[97],"ground":[101],"using":[102,155],"either":[103],"hammer":[105],"mill":[106,111],"(HM)":[107],"or":[108],"ball":[110],"(BM).":[112],"Pine":[113],"ratios":[121],"4:6":[129,235,245],"6:4":[131],"by":[132],"weight,":[133],"respectively,":[134],"adhesive":[137],"tapioca":[140],"composition":[143],"ratio":[144],"5%":[145],"raw":[148],"material.":[149],"were":[153,200,213],"manual":[157],"press.":[159],"assessed":[167],"based":[168],"on":[169],"Indonesian":[170],"National":[171],"Standard":[172],"(SNI)":[173],"8021-2014,":[174,205],"physical":[177],"observations":[178],"include":[179],"flame":[180],"length,":[181],"burning":[182,241],"rate,":[183],"compressive":[185,227],"strength.":[186],"average":[188],"water":[189],"content,":[190,192],"ash":[191,210],"accordance":[202],"SNI":[204],"but":[206],"density":[208],"values":[212],"below":[214],"standard":[216],"values.":[217],"BM":[219,236],"variation":[220,237],"had":[224,238],"strength":[228],"than":[229],"HM":[231],"variation,":[232],"longest":[240],"time":[242],"compared":[243],"HM.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-02-11T00:00:00"}