{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319600173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350","title":"A Case Study of the Effect of Seawater Intrusion on the Water Quality Index of the Indian Southeastern Coastal Region","display_name":"A Case Study of the Effect of Seawater Intrusion on the Water Quality Index of the Indian Southeastern Coastal Region","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319600173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201235","display_name":"ACS ES&T Water","issn_l":"2690-0637","issn":["2690-0637"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACS ES&amp;T Water","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070874284","display_name":"R. Chandrasekhar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885392262","display_name":"GITAM University","ror":"https://ror.org/0440p1d37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Chandrasekhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050176783","display_name":"Y. Satyanarayana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885392262","display_name":"GITAM University","ror":"https://ror.org/0440p1d37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Satyanarayana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104071244","display_name":"Ch. Ramakrishna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885392262","display_name":"GITAM University","ror":"https://ror.org/0440p1d37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ch. Ramakrishna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001393743","display_name":"L. Vaikunta Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-7067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-7067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885392262","display_name":"GITAM University","ror":"https://ror.org/0440p1d37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Vaikunta Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100612529","display_name":"Jaspreet Kaur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1606-3017","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1606-3017"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51452335","display_name":"Panjab University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p2sbk06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaspreet Kaur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1606-3017","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029680955","display_name":"S.K. Mehta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3560-8214","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3560-8214"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51452335","display_name":"Panjab University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p2sbk06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Surinder K. Mehta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3560-8214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029680955"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51452335"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56015854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"6","first_page":"1610","last_page":"1619"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10398","display_name":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saltwater-intrusion","display_name":"saltwater intrusion","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-quality","display_name":"groundwater quality","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality-index","display_name":"water quality index","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coastal-aquifers","display_name":"coastal aquifers","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/srikakulam-district","display_name":"Srikakulam district","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physicochemical-parameters","display_name":"physicochemical parameters","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-dissolved-solids","display_name":"total dissolved solids","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-and-chloride","display_name":"sodium and chloride","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-hardness","display_name":"water hardness","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drinking-water-standards","display_name":"drinking water standards","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bore-well-water","display_name":"bore well water","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64016661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898574","display_name":"Turbidity","level":2,"score":0.7769149541854858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129360787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2466917","display_name":"Total dissolved solids","level":2,"score":0.7649735808372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.7570347785949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.6820260882377625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45812177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432016","display_name":"Alkalinity","level":2,"score":0.6803497672080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780828025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44793182","display_name":"Fluoride","level":2,"score":0.6372988820075989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6098745465278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.583624005317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778343803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172290","display_name":"Sulfate","level":2,"score":0.47995713353157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.473696231842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.46739277243614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.405556321144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16145369410514832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.12524718046188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.10365456342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.07483699917793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.06517276167869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.2c00350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201235","display_name":"ACS ES&T Water","issn_l":"2690-0637","issn":["2690-0637"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACS ES&amp;T Water","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6611160113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01(2951)/18/EMR-II","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320721","funder_display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320721","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967473906","https://openalex.org/W2006069525","https://openalex.org/W2020962290","https://openalex.org/W2023010272","https://openalex.org/W2027580577","https://openalex.org/W2029372933","https://openalex.org/W2033880818","https://openalex.org/W2047065926","https://openalex.org/W2056493731","https://openalex.org/W2066904581","https://openalex.org/W2075793441","https://openalex.org/W2085769250","https://openalex.org/W2092042810","https://openalex.org/W2297004078","https://openalex.org/W2302058115","https://openalex.org/W2607283950","https://openalex.org/W2733258407","https://openalex.org/W2751907193","https://openalex.org/W2790694504","https://openalex.org/W2794940476","https://openalex.org/W2883824170","https://openalex.org/W2885253903","https://openalex.org/W2899223932","https://openalex.org/W2999171751","https://openalex.org/W4241531530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391533764","https://openalex.org/W2922809373","https://openalex.org/W4404708566","https://openalex.org/W4402530394","https://openalex.org/W4296668624","https://openalex.org/W4238204924","https://openalex.org/W4402500425","https://openalex.org/W2042471708","https://openalex.org/W4288038889","https://openalex.org/W2745249091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Safe":[0],"and":[1,77,104,189,223,250,259,280,285],"clean":[2],"acceptable":[3],"quality":[4,36,116,131,193,202,214,244],"of":[5,12,22,41,50,62,82,94,101,107,114,120,199,216,226,271],"water":[6,130,192,201,213,243],"is":[7,71,133,194,298],"essential":[8],"for":[9,25,75,239],"the":[10,19,34,38,46,72,99,102,112,121,125,197,200,212,217,224,234,252,260,272,295],"survival":[11],"life.":[13],"There":[14],"are":[15,209,274,289],"severe":[16],"problems":[17],"with":[18,91,135],"insufficient":[20],"availability":[21],"safe":[23],"groundwater":[24,35,70,87,115],"human":[26],"consumption.":[27],"The":[28,55,128,191,206,231,242,264],"present":[29],"study":[30,56,110],"aims":[31],"to":[32,211],"evaluate":[33],"in":[37,45,53,117,124,277],"coastal":[39,122,296],"area":[40,57,61],"Srikakulam":[42,126],"district,":[43],"located":[44],"extreme":[47],"northeastern":[48],"direction":[49],"Andhra":[51],"Pradesh":[52],"India.":[54],"spreads":[58],"over":[59],"an":[60],"130":[63],"km":[64,96],"2":[65],".":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"study,":[69],"major":[73],"source":[74],"drinking":[76],"irrigation":[78],"purposes.":[79],"A":[80],"total":[81,145,149,152],"20":[83],"bore":[84],"well":[85],"(BW)":[86],"samples":[88,273],"were":[89],"collected":[90],"a":[92],"distance":[93],"5":[95],"each":[97],"during":[98],"period":[100],"premonsoon":[103],"monsoon":[105],"seasons":[106],"2020.":[108],"This":[109],"investigates":[111],"importance":[113],"some":[118],"areas":[119],"villages":[123],"district.":[127],"overall":[129],"condition":[132],"explained":[134],"various":[136,240],"physicochemical":[137,207],"parameters":[138],"such":[139],"as":[140],"pH,":[141],"electrical":[142],"conductivity":[143],"(EC),":[144],"dissolved":[146],"solids":[147],"(TDS),":[148],"hardness":[150],"(TH),":[151],"alkalinity":[153],"(TA),":[154],"calcium":[155],"(Ca":[156],"2+":[157,161],"),":[158,162,166,170,175,180,184,188],"magnesium":[159],"(Mg":[160],"fluoride":[163],"(F":[164],"\u2013":[165,169,174,287],"chloride":[167],"(Cl":[168],"nitrate":[171],"(NO":[172],"3":[173],"sulfate":[176],"(SO":[177],"4":[178],"2\u2013":[179],"sodium":[181],"(Na":[182],"+":[183,187,284],"potassium":[185],"(K":[186],"turbidity.":[190],"assessed":[195],"on":[196],"basis":[198],"index":[203,245],"(WQI)":[204,246],"method.":[205],"results":[208,266],"compared":[210],"standards":[215],"World":[218],"Health":[219],"Organization":[220],"(WHO),":[221],"2012,":[222],"Bureau":[225],"Indian":[227],"Standards":[228],"(BIS),":[229],"2012.":[230],"correlations":[232],"between":[233,248],"values":[235],"have":[236],"been":[237],"presented":[238],"parameters.":[241],"ranged":[247],"11.56":[249],"61.27,":[251],"highest":[253],"value":[254],"recorded":[255],"at":[256,262],"M.":[257],"Ganguwada":[258],"lowest":[261],"Bandaravanipeta.":[263],"analytical":[265],"showed":[267],"that":[268,281,294],"around":[269],"90%":[270],"extremely":[275],"hard":[276],"their":[278,282],"nature":[279],"Na":[283],"Cl":[286],"concentrations":[288],"also":[290],"higher.":[291],"It":[292],"indicates":[293],"region":[297],"influenced":[299],"by":[300],"seawater":[301],"intrusion.":[302]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-21T07:43:02.447757","created_date":"2023-02-09T00:00:00"}
