{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319083860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454","title":"Allelopathic Effects of Cannabis sativa L. Aqueous Leaf Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Durum Wheat and Barley","display_name":"Allelopathic Effects of Cannabis sativa L. Aqueous Leaf Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Durum Wheat and Barley","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319083860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy13020454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/454/pdf?version=1675406743","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/454/pdf?version=1675406743","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082599020","display_name":"Cristina Patan\u00e8","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4967-8619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4967-8619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261809","display_name":"Istituto per la BioEconomia","ror":"https://ror.org/05wq02383","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Patan\u00e8","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-Istituto per la BioEconomia, Unit\u00e0 di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4967-8619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-Istituto per la BioEconomia, Unit\u00e0 di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008215088","display_name":"Alessandra Pellegrino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-115X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-115X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261809","display_name":"Istituto per la BioEconomia","ror":"https://ror.org/05wq02383","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Pellegrino","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-Istituto per la BioEconomia, Unit\u00e0 di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-Istituto per la BioEconomia, Unit\u00e0 di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114375514","display_name":"Salvatore L. Cosentino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-8777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-8777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore L. Cosentino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-8777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066681136","display_name":"Giorgio Testa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-3057","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-3057"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgio Testa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-3057","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082599020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261809"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":3.7391,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93725581,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"454","last_page":"454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12475","display_name":"Plant Parasitism and Resistance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allelopathy","display_name":"allelopathy","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabis-sativa","display_name":"Cannabis sativa","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allelochemicals","display_name":"allelochemicals","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-germination","display_name":"seed germination","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-growth","display_name":"seedling growth","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/durum-wheat","display_name":"durum wheat","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barley","display_name":"barley","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenols","display_name":"phenols","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radicle-elongation","display_name":"radicle elongation","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shoot-elongation","display_name":"shoot elongation","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/germination-index","display_name":"germination index","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vigor-index","display_name":"vigor index","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiarid-agriculture","display_name":"semi-arid agriculture","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-competition","display_name":"crop competition","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytotoxicity","display_name":"phytotoxicity","score":0.5680000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.9440388679504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185802005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3129307","display_name":"Radicle","level":3,"score":0.9156928062438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31241831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190334","display_name":"Allelopathy","level":3,"score":0.8612618446350098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385709","display_name":"Seedling","level":2,"score":0.8524366617202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.7090983986854553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993665447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11577","display_name":"Hordeum vulgare","level":3,"score":0.6852291226387024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779429693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274959","display_name":"Distilled water","level":2,"score":0.6423115134239197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5585811734199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.44513896107673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4133816361427307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3516802191734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46757340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43238","display_name":"Poaceae","level":2,"score":0.2840014398097992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.27909034490585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy13020454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/454/pdf?version=1675406743","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cf89910ec84d48f1aafb234024c350dc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cf89910ec84d48f1aafb234024c350dc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 454 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:it.cnr:prodotti:478448","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.cnr.it/doc/478448","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055101","display_name":"CNR ExploRA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Patan\u00e8 C.; Pellegrino A.; Cosentino S.L.; Testa G./titolo:Allelopathic Effects of Cannabis sativa L. Aqueous Leaf Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Durum Wheat and Barley/doi:10.3390%2Fagronomy13020454/rivista:Agronomy (Basel)/anno:2023/pagina_da:Article number 454/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:Article number 454/volume:13","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy13020454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020454","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/454/pdf?version=1675406743","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7142999768257141,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4118999483","display_name":"Marginal lands for Growing Industrial Crops: Turning a burden into an opportunity","funder_award_id":"727698","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319083860.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319083860.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153069877","https://openalex.org/W604468682","https://openalex.org/W1559903407","https://openalex.org/W1641035113","https://openalex.org/W1965925466","https://openalex.org/W1975292193","https://openalex.org/W1983389820","https://openalex.org/W2011680691","https://openalex.org/W2043929885","https://openalex.org/W2047996173","https://openalex.org/W2048102315","https://openalex.org/W2052348162","https://openalex.org/W2061841144","https://openalex.org/W2070576592","https://openalex.org/W2071044505","https://openalex.org/W2090607828","https://openalex.org/W2090968546","https://openalex.org/W2103767100","https://openalex.org/W2107293198","https://openalex.org/W2138153172","https://openalex.org/W2138665138","https://openalex.org/W2146973296","https://openalex.org/W2164158788","https://openalex.org/W2174546655","https://openalex.org/W2189007787","https://openalex.org/W2253200037","https://openalex.org/W2371569044","https://openalex.org/W2616748129","https://openalex.org/W2783781109","https://openalex.org/W2801540350","https://openalex.org/W2906374037","https://openalex.org/W3009401947","https://openalex.org/W3086541502","https://openalex.org/W3111253717","https://openalex.org/W4293414180","https://openalex.org/W4295386504","https://openalex.org/W6687210160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975292193","https://openalex.org/W7128338836","https://openalex.org/W4408411472","https://openalex.org/W2371569044","https://openalex.org/W2474836990","https://openalex.org/W40735989","https://openalex.org/W3140043455","https://openalex.org/W2759968692","https://openalex.org/W2736375161","https://openalex.org/W3096507636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"the":[3,7,105,108,111,134,151,156,162,165,181,194,200,205,214,220,238,249,255,259,262,270,277,288,314,320,337,363,368],"allelochemical-induced":[4],"effects":[5,190,366],"of":[6,11,79,91,107,133,137,153,213,258,269,291,317,336,341,367],"leaf":[8,53,80,158,372],"water":[9,86,96,289],"extract":[10,66,290,321,373],"hemp":[12,52,157,292,346],"(Cannabis":[13],"sativa)":[14],"on":[15,193,299],"seed":[16,195,303,324],"germination":[17,109,113,117,120,201,304,325],"and":[18,30,55,61,103,123,131,146,240,274,279,301,305,326,343,370],"seedling":[19,306,327],"growth":[20],"were":[21,38,57,127,140,161,264],"investigated":[22],"in":[23,40,82,94,155,164,243,272,282,319,330,359],"durum":[24],"wheat":[25,300,342],"(Triticum":[26],"durum)":[27],"cv.":[28,34],"Mongibello":[29],"barley":[31,302,344],"(Hordeum":[32],"vulgare)":[33],"Alamo.":[35],"The":[36,64,129,148],"seeds":[37,92,136,221],"imbibed":[39,93],"25%,":[41],"50%,":[42],"75%,":[43],"or":[44,188,353],"100%":[45,70,166,218],"solution":[46,68,71],"concentrations,":[47],"obtained":[48,74],"from":[49],"a":[50,209,296,380],"2%":[51,65],"extract,":[54,159,256],"they":[56],"germinated":[58,135,222],"at":[59,104,217,227,276,309,347],"20":[60,77,178,231,351],"10":[62,198,247],"\u00b0C.":[63],"stock":[67],"(i.e.,":[69,350],"concentration)":[72],"was":[73,97,100,202,252],"by":[75,204,254],"extracting":[76],"g":[78],"powder":[81],"1":[83],"L":[84],"distilled":[85,95],"(2%,":[87],"w/v).":[88],"A":[89],"control":[90,271],"considered.":[98],"Germination":[99],"scored":[101],"daily":[102],"end":[106],"test,":[110],"final":[112],"percentage":[114],"(FGP),":[115],"mean":[116],"time":[118],"(MGT),":[119],"index":[121,125],"(GI),":[122],"vigor":[124],"(VI)":[126],"calculated.":[128],"radicles":[130],"shoots":[132,263],"both":[138,237,244],"species":[139],"also":[141],"measured":[142],"for":[143],"their":[144],"length":[145],"weight.":[147],"analyses":[149],"revealed":[150],"presence":[152],"phenols":[154,318],"which":[160,377],"highest":[163],"concentration":[167,182,234,316],"(13.14":[168],"\u00b1":[169],"0.20":[170],"mg":[171],"gallic":[172],"acid":[173],"equivalent-GAE":[174],"g\u22121":[175],"extract).":[176],"At":[177,197,230,246],"\u00b0C,":[179,199,232,248],"increasing":[180,206,233],"had":[183],"either":[184],"minor":[185],"(in":[186,191],"wheat)":[187],"no":[189],"barley)":[192],"germination.":[196],"reduced":[203],"concentration,":[207,219,260],"suggesting":[208],"potential":[210],"allelopathic":[211,371],"effect":[212],"extract.":[215],"However,":[216,313],"significantly":[223],"better":[224],"that":[225,287],"those":[226,268,335],"75%":[228,280],"concentration.":[229],"progressively":[235],"depressed":[236,253],"radicle":[239,250],"shoot":[241],"elongation":[242,251],"species.":[245],"irrespective":[257],"whilst":[261],"as":[265,267,334],"long":[266],"wheat,":[273],"smaller":[275],"50":[278],"concentrations":[281],"barley.":[283],"We":[284],"can":[285,294],"conclude":[286],"leaves":[293],"have":[295],"negative":[297],"impact":[298],"growth,":[307],"particularly":[308],"temperatures":[310],"below":[311],"optimal.":[312],"high":[315],"may":[322,378],"stimulate":[323],"growth.":[328],"Thus,":[329],"semi-arid":[331],"areas,":[332],"such":[333],"Mediterranean":[338],"regions,":[339],"sowings":[340],"after":[345],"an":[348],"optimal":[349,355],"\u00b0C)":[352],"nearly":[354],"temperature":[356,369],"are":[357],"recommended":[358],"order":[360],"to":[361],"minimize":[362],"combined":[364],"stressing":[365],"upon":[374],"plant":[375],"establishment,":[376],"limit":[379],"successful":[381],"crop":[382],"establishment.":[383]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2023-02-04T00:00:00"}
