{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319081672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","title":"Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","display_name":"Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319081672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36883091","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9985817"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.34581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/134042/20230305-23513-1wfs7eb.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4319081672"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/134042/20230305-23513-1wfs7eb.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shah Hussain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799509149","display_name":"Khyber Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnzxv25","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799509149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shah Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK",". Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK","Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799509149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062737505","display_name":"Fakeeda Durrani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4067-1417","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4067-1417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799509149","display_name":"Khyber Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnzxv25","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799509149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fakeeda Durrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK",". Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK","Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799509149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038561302","display_name":"Asif Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3179-0140","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3179-0140"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799509149","display_name":"Khyber Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnzxv25","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799509149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801036794","display_name":"Hayatabad Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/03vpd6e34","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK",". Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799509149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801036794"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062737505"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799509149","https://openalex.org/I2801036794"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3648,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48422973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"e34581","last_page":"e34581"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11134","display_name":"Breast Lesions and Carcinomas","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12103","display_name":"Cancer Risks and Factors","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triple-negative-breast-cancer","display_name":"triple-negative breast cancer","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer-incidence","display_name":"breast cancer incidence","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinicopathological-features","display_name":"clinicopathological features","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-contraceptive-use","display_name":"oral contraceptive use","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-laterality","display_name":"tumor laterality","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peshawar","display_name":"Peshawar","score":0.6539999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9545050859451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.837166428565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.5830044150352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.48938482999801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781179581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2857712","display_name":"Family history","level":2,"score":0.4548438787460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7843332","display_name":"Triple-negative breast cancer","level":4,"score":0.44851118326187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.3631783127784729}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.34581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/134042/20230305-23513-1wfs7eb.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9985817","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9985817","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9985817/pdf/cureus-0015-00000034581.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:36883091","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36883091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.34581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34581","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/134042/20230305-23513-1wfs7eb.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319081672.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319081672.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2603868227","https://openalex.org/W2782369003","https://openalex.org/W2792523131","https://openalex.org/W2795120383","https://openalex.org/W2806209829","https://openalex.org/W2889646458","https://openalex.org/W2891941994","https://openalex.org/W2896030713","https://openalex.org/W2896886167","https://openalex.org/W2897522524","https://openalex.org/W2897570149","https://openalex.org/W2897613379","https://openalex.org/W2897673768","https://openalex.org/W2970196304","https://openalex.org/W2971158472","https://openalex.org/W3128646645","https://openalex.org/W3215000396","https://openalex.org/W4388555969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2409644279","https://openalex.org/W3215000396","https://openalex.org/W7215609760","https://openalex.org/W4220957974","https://openalex.org/W7133344744","https://openalex.org/W3214408696","https://openalex.org/W2592961960","https://openalex.org/W2151465841","https://openalex.org/W7215322876","https://openalex.org/W7222989365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Breast":[1],"cancer":[2,36,98,209,234],"is":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,14,33,51,78,104,122,136,150,161,173,192,203,228,232],"the":[6,49,102,110,126,129,158,170,211,220,226],"most":[7],"common":[8],"cancers":[9],"affecting":[10],"females.":[11],"The":[12,66,112,190],"outcomes":[13],"this":[15],"study":[16,44,113],"will":[17],"aid":[18],"future":[19],"research":[20],"and":[21,30,40,86,99,117,164],"policy":[22],"suggestions":[23],"by":[24],"giving":[25],"a":[26,72,120,147],"rapid":[27],"local":[28],"burden":[29],"clinicopathologic":[31],"profile":[32],"triple-negative":[34,237],"breast":[35,84,97,127,208,233],"(TNBC)":[37],"patients.":[38,200],"Material":[39],"Methods:":[41],"This":[42],"cross-sectional":[43],"was":[45,69,195],"carried":[46],"out":[47],"at":[48],"Department":[50],"Oncology,":[52],"Hayatabad":[53],"Medical":[54],"Complex":[55],"Peshawar,":[56],"Pakistan,":[57],"from":[58],"April":[59],"21,":[60,64],"2022,":[61],"to":[62,225],"October":[63],"2022.":[65],"sample":[67],"size":[68],"120":[70,137],"using":[71],"95%":[73],"confidence":[74],"level,":[75],"18.7%":[76],"proportion":[77],"TNBC":[79],"frequency":[80],"in":[81,109,157,169,197],"patients":[82,91,116,118,138,155,167,178,206,235],"with":[83,94,119,146],"cancer,":[85],"7%":[87],"absolute":[88],"precision.":[89],"All":[90],"who":[92],"presented":[93],"newly":[95],"diagnosed":[96],"were":[100,107,139,156,168],"between":[101,143],"ages":[103],"30-60":[105,144],"years":[106,145,163],"included":[108],"study.":[111],"excluded":[114],"male":[115],"history":[121],"surgical":[123],"intervention":[124],"on":[125,210,219],"during":[128],"previous":[130],"six":[131],"months.":[132],"Results:":[133],"A":[134,201],"total":[135,202],"evaluated.":[140],"Age":[141],"ranged":[142],"mean":[148],"age":[149,159,171],"45":[151],"years.":[152,175],"Thirty-four":[153],"(28%)":[154],"range":[160,172],"30-45":[162],"86":[165],"(72%)":[166],"46-60":[174],"Fifty-six":[176],"(47%)":[177],"had":[179,186,207,217,236],"BMI":[180,187],"\u226427":[181],"kg/m2":[182],"while":[183,214],"64":[184],"(53%)":[185],">27":[188],"kg/m2.":[189],"use":[191],"oral":[193],"contraceptives":[194],"noted":[196],"25":[198],"(21%)":[199],"62":[204],"(52%)":[205],"right":[212],"side":[213],"58":[215],"(48%)":[216],"it":[218],"left":[221],"side.":[222],"Conclusion:":[223],"According":[224],"results":[227],"our":[229],"study,":[230],"14%":[231],"disease.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-02-04T00:00:00"}