{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319040353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","title":"Assessing the Co-movements Between Electricity Use and Carbon Emissions in the GCC Area: Evidence from a Wavelet Coherence Method","display_name":"Assessing the Co-movements Between Electricity Use and Carbon Emissions in the GCC Area: Evidence from a Wavelet Coherence Method","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319040353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145020830","display_name":"Environmental Modeling & Assessment","issn_l":"1420-2026","issn":["1420-2026","1573-2967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Modeling & Assessment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1095996/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010238185","display_name":"Ali Matar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-5855","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-5855"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27570832","display_name":"Jadara University","ror":"https://ror.org/001drnv35","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163116","display_name":"Applied Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/059zrbe49","country_code":"BH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163116"]}],"countries":["BH","JO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Matar","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Administrative Sciences, Applied Science University, East Al-Ekir, P. O. Box 5055, Kingdom of Bahrain","Department of Financial Science & Banking, School of Business, Jadara University, P. O. Box 733, Irbid, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-5855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Administrative Sciences, Applied Science University, East Al-Ekir, P. O. Box 5055, Kingdom of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Financial Science & Banking, School of Business, Jadara University, P. O. Box 733, Irbid, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051306160","display_name":"Zeeshan Fareed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1971-8867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1971-8867","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9272-2067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018263800","display_name":"Huzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mvpxy20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018263800"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeeshan Fareed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huzhou University, Huzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huzhou University, Huzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018263800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044270293","display_name":"Cosimo Magazzino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-9838","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-9838"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cosimo Magazzino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052979901","display_name":"Mahmoud Al-Rdaydeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-4837","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-4837"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Al-Rdaydeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oman College of Management and Technology, Musqat, Oman"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oman College of Management and Technology, Musqat, Oman","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nicolas Schneider","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Schneider","raw_affiliation_strings":["The London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010238185"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27570832","https://openalex.org/I4210163116"],"apc_list":{"value":2780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3051,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97628415,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"3","first_page":"407","last_page":"428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-consumption","display_name":"electricity consumption","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-emissions","display_name":"CO2 emissions","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-movement","display_name":"co-movement","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-coherence","display_name":"wavelet coherence","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-openness","display_name":"trade openness","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gulf-cooperation-council","display_name":"Gulf Cooperation Council","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-energy-policy","display_name":"sustainable energy policy","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-planning","display_name":"environmental planning","score":0.3700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5963220596313477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5250561237335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84976871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015673","display_name":"Openness to experience","level":2,"score":0.5178694725036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.47949033975601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.4741867482662201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.4704291522502899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.46248704195022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776770324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477335","display_name":"Sustainable consumption","level":3,"score":0.4155697226524353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.40215685963630676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.37685444951057434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.34089285135269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.25411075353622437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2240949273109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19348198175430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.11741697788238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0824098289012909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145020830","display_name":"Environmental Modeling & Assessment","issn_l":"1420-2026","issn":["1420-2026","1573-2967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Modeling & Assessment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1095996/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1095996/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1095996/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1095996/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma3.it:11590/428628","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10666-022-09871-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196120","display_name":"Iris (Roma Tre University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","host_organization_name":"Roma Tre University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:8083032","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/8083032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Modeling & Assessment 28 407-428","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1095996/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1095996/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1095996/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1095996/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":1.0,"display_name":"Climate action"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.75,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319040353.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4319040353.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34240753","https://openalex.org/W193385438","https://openalex.org/W1516710914","https://openalex.org/W1524895218","https://openalex.org/W1526832639","https://openalex.org/W1549984784","https://openalex.org/W1568488422","https://openalex.org/W1841824908","https://openalex.org/W1911257304","https://openalex.org/W1915081202","https://openalex.org/W1915802578","https://openalex.org/W1964320412","https://openalex.org/W1973736578","https://openalex.org/W1974280456","https://openalex.org/W1976515498","https://openalex.org/W1976538707","https://openalex.org/W1978238023","https://openalex.org/W1979618654","https://openalex.org/W1982755996","https://openalex.org/W1986789017","https://openalex.org/W1990475559","https://openalex.org/W1991786179","https://openalex.org/W1992380407","https://openalex.org/W1993176637","https://openalex.org/W1993190456","https://openalex.org/W1995433480","https://openalex.org/W2005482952","https://openalex.org/W2005602721","https://openalex.org/W2005904020","https://openalex.org/W2008750017","https://openalex.org/W2012428181","https://openalex.org/W2013688776","https://openalex.org/W2015058088","https://openalex.org/W2018706663","https://openalex.org/W2023668736","https://openalex.org/W2023703221","https://openalex.org/W2027188638","https://openalex.org/W2028382798","https://openalex.org/W2030392648","https://openalex.org/W2032267178","https://openalex.org/W2034139177","https://openalex.org/W2040528227","https://openalex.org/W2041814276","https://openalex.org/W2046035574","https://openalex.org/W2047045802","https://openalex.org/W2051969809","https://openalex.org/W2058241516","https://openalex.org/W2064976714","https://openalex.org/W2066082545","https://openalex.org/W2071259334","https://openalex.org/W2074726545","https://openalex.org/W2075821306","https://openalex.org/W2077769554","https://openalex.org/W2078213728","https://openalex.org/W2081463827","https://openalex.org/W2084609523","https://openalex.org/W2084627961","https://openalex.org/W2088767509","https://openalex.org/W2092195194","https://openalex.org/W2094386077","https://openalex.org/W2097713687","https://openalex.org/W2110603299","https://openalex.org/W2117739768","https://openalex.org/W2124161126","https://openalex.org/W2124459709","https://openalex.org/W2131737728","https://openalex.org/W2136276883","https://openalex.org/W2139700718","https://openalex.org/W2146309665","https://openalex.org/W2146787225","https://openalex.org/W2147857945","https://openalex.org/W2152785505","https://openalex.org/W2159056524","https://openalex.org/W2159699136","https://openalex.org/W2164451921","https://openalex.org/W2212458257","https://openalex.org/W2216930980","https://openalex.org/W2287618879","https://openalex.org/W2290812172","https://openalex.org/W2291391784","https://openalex.org/W2337682497","https://openalex.org/W2344087885","https://openalex.org/W2395735662","https://openalex.org/W2469807631","https://openalex.org/W2485723597","https://openalex.org/W2512153138","https://openalex.org/W2552617160","https://openalex.org/W2557362592","https://openalex.org/W2726760811","https://openalex.org/W2750718480","https://openalex.org/W2768574191","https://openalex.org/W2780766019","https://openalex.org/W2795844560","https://openalex.org/W2797126526","https://openalex.org/W2800694882","https://openalex.org/W2802293080","https://openalex.org/W2802496012","https://openalex.org/W2803734785","https://openalex.org/W2808298411","https://openalex.org/W2883615070","https://openalex.org/W2886819097","https://openalex.org/W2896692549","https://openalex.org/W2920111783","https://openalex.org/W2933919363","https://openalex.org/W2937252308","https://openalex.org/W2937397447","https://openalex.org/W2940636459","https://openalex.org/W2941216161","https://openalex.org/W2943785073","https://openalex.org/W2946739461","https://openalex.org/W2953927955","https://openalex.org/W2963911535","https://openalex.org/W2965040654","https://openalex.org/W2968525846","https://openalex.org/W2981370474","https://openalex.org/W2983651524","https://openalex.org/W2985070509","https://openalex.org/W2986030558","https://openalex.org/W3001137161","https://openalex.org/W3008659195","https://openalex.org/W3015033267","https://openalex.org/W3016117204","https://openalex.org/W3022456884","https://openalex.org/W3022529965","https://openalex.org/W3032182668","https://openalex.org/W3034554183","https://openalex.org/W3048890906","https://openalex.org/W3084851698","https://openalex.org/W3095072558","https://openalex.org/W3109813462","https://openalex.org/W3113112655","https://openalex.org/W3120584483","https://openalex.org/W3121933478","https://openalex.org/W3122966171","https://openalex.org/W3124822853","https://openalex.org/W3125622620","https://openalex.org/W3125800039","https://openalex.org/W3134806291","https://openalex.org/W3135371390","https://openalex.org/W3147497121","https://openalex.org/W3170999623","https://openalex.org/W3182947734","https://openalex.org/W3184927350","https://openalex.org/W3201352514","https://openalex.org/W4229443346","https://openalex.org/W4230287580","https://openalex.org/W4280543662","https://openalex.org/W4285891075","https://openalex.org/W4386064887","https://openalex.org/W6608520279","https://openalex.org/W7027471791"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7066697972","https://openalex.org/W3135371390","https://openalex.org/W1841824908","https://openalex.org/W3136476862","https://openalex.org/W4386064887","https://openalex.org/W7162015745","https://openalex.org/W247742306","https://openalex.org/W7099662888","https://openalex.org/W2139207929","https://openalex.org/W4409643352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"investigates":[3],"the":[4,33,40,48,55,60,66,76,97,103],"association":[5],"between":[6],"CO2":[7],"emissions":[8],"and":[9,20,44,91],"a":[10],"range":[11],"of":[12,99],"factors,":[13],"including":[14],"electricity":[15],"consumption,":[16],"economic":[17],"growth,":[18],"urbanization,":[19],"trade":[21],"openness":[22],"for":[23,96],"six":[24],"Gulf":[25,104],"Cooperation":[26],"Council":[27],"(GCC)":[28],"countries":[29],"using":[30],"data":[31],"covering":[32],"1965-2019":[34],"period.":[35],"Namely,":[36],"Oman,":[37],"Saudi":[38],"Arabia,":[39],"UAE,":[41],"Kuwait,":[42],"Bahrain,":[43],"Qatar.":[45],"Contrasting":[46],"with":[47],"standard":[49],"literature,":[50],"our":[51],"empirical":[52],"strategy":[53],"uses":[54],"wavelet":[56],"coherence":[57],"approach":[58],"on":[59,71],"frequency":[61],"domain,":[62],"thought":[63],"to":[64],"complement":[65],"time-series":[67],"econometric":[68],"procedures":[69],"reported":[70],"this":[72],"topic.":[73],"Supplied":[74],"at":[75],"country-level,":[77],"associated":[78],"evidence":[79],"presents":[80],"far-reaching":[81],"policy":[82],"recommendations":[83],"whose":[84],"applications":[85],"may":[86],"directly":[87],"benefit":[88],"environmental":[89],"planning":[90],"bring":[92],"high":[93],"information":[94],"value":[95],"sake":[98],"sustainable":[100],"energies":[101],"in":[102],"region.JEL:":[105],"Q43,":[106],"C22,":[107],"C23,":[108],"E20,":[109],"O44.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2023-02-03T00:00:00"}