{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4318924223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","title":"LSS-VGG16: Diagnosis of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis With Deep Learning","display_name":"LSS-VGG16: Diagnosis of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis With Deep Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4318924223","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36727890"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764663100","display_name":"Clinical Spine Surgery A Spine Publication","issn_l":"2380-0186","issn":["2380-0186","2380-0194"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Spine Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4318924223"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010117329","display_name":"Sinan Altun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-0460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-0460"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sinan Altun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-0460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014596039","display_name":"Ahmet Alkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-0764","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-0764"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Alkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091458275","display_name":"\u0130diris Altun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-766X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-766X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46017","display_name":"Kahramanmara\u015f S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc \u0130mam University","ror":"https://ror.org/03gn5cg19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46017"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0130diris Altun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universirty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universirty, Kahramanmaras, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46017"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010117329","https://openalex.org/A5014596039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8855,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84665329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"5","first_page":"E180","last_page":"E190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumbar-spinal-stenosis","display_name":"lumbar spinal stenosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vgg16","display_name":"VGG16","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning-classification","display_name":"deep learning classification","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disc-herniation","display_name":"disc herniation","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-stenosis","display_name":"spinal stenosis","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-back-pain","display_name":"low back pain","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-classification","display_name":"image classification","score":0.3449999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8077842593193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779631646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164695","display_name":"Lumbar spinal stenosis","level":3,"score":0.6935473680496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.6065603494644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780007028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2343082","display_name":"Stenosis","level":2,"score":0.487225204706192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3994590640068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3897697329521179}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003251","descriptor_name":"Constriction, Pathologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007405","descriptor_name":"Intervertebral Disc Displacement","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008159","descriptor_name":"Lumbar Vertebrae","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008159","descriptor_name":"Lumbar Vertebrae","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013130","descriptor_name":"Spinal Stenosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013130","descriptor_name":"Spinal Stenosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017116","descriptor_name":"Low Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000001418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764663100","display_name":"Clinical Spine Surgery A Spine Publication","issn_l":"2380-0186","issn":["2380-0186","2380-0194"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Spine Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36727890","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36727890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical spine surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2591108436","https://openalex.org/W2912426796","https://openalex.org/W2934562040","https://openalex.org/W2943268500","https://openalex.org/W3006169930","https://openalex.org/W3024740627","https://openalex.org/W3034920607","https://openalex.org/W3041678956","https://openalex.org/W3084708683","https://openalex.org/W3094097954","https://openalex.org/W3108411643","https://openalex.org/W3119214506","https://openalex.org/W3119484071","https://openalex.org/W3132018027","https://openalex.org/W3133630831","https://openalex.org/W3155930636","https://openalex.org/W3163707479","https://openalex.org/W3164781147","https://openalex.org/W3182554863","https://openalex.org/W3198585195","https://openalex.org/W3205849790","https://openalex.org/W3205895757","https://openalex.org/W3208167704","https://openalex.org/W4220823083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296195680","https://openalex.org/W6911911992","https://openalex.org/W7142450927","https://openalex.org/W7220951187","https://openalex.org/W7124177758","https://openalex.org/W4206992871","https://openalex.org/W4389958413","https://openalex.org/W7213754534","https://openalex.org/W7125764318","https://openalex.org/W4411910800"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"STUDY":[0],"DESIGN:":[1],"This":[2,255],"was":[3,208,240,246],"a":[4,13,32,56,118,223],"retrospective":[5],"study.":[6],"OBJECTION:":[7],"Lumbar":[8],"Spinal":[9],"Stenosis":[10],"(LSS)":[11],"is":[12,37,55,75,79,161],"disease":[14,57,74],"that":[15,58,222,242,257],"causes":[16,59,138],"chronic":[17],"low":[18,64],"back":[19,65],"pain":[20],"and":[21,44,69,84,90,102,142,155,157,195],"can":[22,169,227],"often":[23],"be":[24,107,170,228,263],"confused":[25,80],"with":[26,46,81,214,249],"herniated":[27,82],"disk.":[28],"In":[29,163,237],"this":[30,73,93,164,273],"study,":[31],"deep":[33,192],"learning-based":[34],"classification":[35,159,206,244],"model":[36,220,261],"proposed":[38,189,218,259],"to":[39,106,172],"make":[40],"LSS":[41,54],"diagnosis":[42,167,178,225,232],"quickly":[43],"automatically":[45],"an":[47,264],"objective":[48],"tool.":[49],"SUMMARY":[50],"OF":[51],"BACKGROUND":[52],"DATA:":[53],"negative":[60],"consequences":[61],"such":[62,152],"as":[63,117,153],"pain,":[66],"foot":[67],"numbness,":[68],"pain.":[70],"Diagnosis":[71],"of":[72,92,120,135,140,179,187,233],"difficult":[76],"because":[77],"it":[78,239],"disk":[83],"requires":[85],"serious":[86],"expertise.":[87],"The":[88,204,217],"shape":[89],"amount":[91],"stenosis":[94],"are":[95,147],"very":[96],"important":[97,265],"in":[98,109,149,176,210,252,272],"deciding":[99],"the":[100,103,113,128,131,136,174,177,185,188,211,231,253,258],"surgery":[101],"surgical":[104],"technique":[105],"applied":[108,148],"these":[110,123],"patients.":[111],"When":[112],"spinal":[114,234],"canal":[115,235],"narrows,":[116],"result":[119],"compression":[121],"on":[122,127],"nerves":[124,137],"and/or":[125],"pressure":[126],"vessels":[129],"feeding":[130],"nerves,":[132],"poor":[133],"nutrition":[134],"loss":[139],"function":[141],"structure.":[143],"Image":[144],"processing":[145],"techniques":[146,199],"biomedical":[150],"images":[151],"MR":[154],"CT":[156],"high":[158],"success":[160,186,207,245],"achieved.":[162],"way,":[165],"computer-aided":[166,224],"systems":[168],"realized":[171],"help":[173],"specialist":[175],"different":[180,191],"diseases.":[181],"METHODS:":[182],"To":[183],"demonstrate":[184],"model,":[190],"learning":[193,198],"methods":[194],"traditional":[196],"machine":[197],"have":[200],"been":[201],"studied.":[202],"RESULTS:":[203],"highest":[205],"obtained":[209],"VGG16":[212],"method,":[213],"87.70%.":[215],"CONCLUSIONS:":[216],"LSS-VGG16":[219,260],"reveals":[221],"system":[226],"created":[229],"for":[230,267],"stenosis.":[236],"addition,":[238],"observed":[241],"higher":[243],"achieved":[247],"compared":[248],"similar":[250],"studies":[251],"literature.":[254],"shows":[256],"will":[262,270],"resource":[266],"scientists":[268],"who":[269],"work":[271],"field.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2023-02-03T00:00:00"}