{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4317757487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","title":"Three-dimensional topological magnetic monopoles and their interactions in a ferromagnetic meta-lattice","display_name":"Three-dimensional topological magnetic monopoles and their interactions in a ferromagnetic meta-lattice","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4317757487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36690739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7822423","display_name":"Nature Nanotechnology","issn_l":"1748-3387","issn":["1748-3387","1748-3395"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Nanotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1413330/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110284382","display_name":"Arjun Rana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjun Rana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053286753","display_name":"Chen-Ting Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-277X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-277X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137473845","display_name":"Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/008hybe55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Ting Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-277X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014187476","display_name":"Ezio E. Iacocca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-5106","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-5106"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ezio Iacocca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Magnetism and Magnetic Nanostructures, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA","Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-5106","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Magnetism and Magnetic Nanostructures, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009629448","display_name":"Ji Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-1153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-1153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031863609","display_name":"Minh Ph\u1ea1m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5019-6449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5019-6449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minh Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003653786","display_name":"Xingyuan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9756-8767","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9756-8767"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyuan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113010770","display_name":"Emma-Elizabeth Cating Subramanian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137473845","display_name":"Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/008hybe55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emma-Elizabeth Cating Subramanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053957148","display_name":"Yuan Hung Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-935X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-935X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Hung Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090712864","display_name":"Sin\u00e9ad A. Ryan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-7986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-7986"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137473845","display_name":"Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/008hybe55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sin\u00e9ad A. Ryan","raw_affiliation_strings":["JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051000772","display_name":"Charles S. Bevis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-0681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-0681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137473845","display_name":"Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/008hybe55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles S. Bevis","raw_affiliation_strings":["JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051823301","display_name":"Robert Karl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-5507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-5507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137473845","display_name":"Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/008hybe55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert M. Karl","raw_affiliation_strings":["JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072763770","display_name":"Andrew J. Glaid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J. Glaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037979568","display_name":"Jeffrey Rable","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1649-9173","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1649-9173"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Rable","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063391142","display_name":"Pratibha Mahale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-4386","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-4386"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pratibha Mahale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043852760","display_name":"Joel Hirst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-0106","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-0106"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","display_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wt1929","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Hirst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010666637","display_name":"Thomas Ostler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1328-1839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1328-1839"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191240316","display_name":"University of Hull","ror":"https://ror.org/04nkhwh30","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191240316"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","display_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wt1929","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Ostler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, UK","Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1328-1839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191240316"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002864107","display_name":"William Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-7703","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-7703"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084220742","display_name":"Colum M. O\u2019Leary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-5320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-5320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colum M. O\u2019Leary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066192465","display_name":"Young\u2010Sang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0545-9019","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0545-9019"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152530","display_name":"Advanced Light Source","ror":"https://ror.org/00319zh75","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4387152530"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Sang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I4387152530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088731924","display_name":"Karen C. Bustillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2096-6078","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2096-6078"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154492","display_name":"Molecular Foundry","ror":"https://ror.org/01fdhpk75","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4387154492"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Bustillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2096-6078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I4387154492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055815589","display_name":"Hendrik Ohldag","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2034-878X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2034-878X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152530","display_name":"Advanced Light Source","ror":"https://ror.org/00319zh75","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4387152530"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hendrik Ohldag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2034-878X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I4387152530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017349953","display_name":"David A. Shapiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-6017","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-6017"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152530","display_name":"Advanced Light Source","ror":"https://ror.org/00319zh75","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4387152530"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-6017","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I4387152530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001066510","display_name":"Sadegh Yazdi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3470-9398","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3470-9398"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadegh Yazdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3470-9398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046246087","display_name":"Thomas E. Mallouk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-4208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-4208"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas E. Mallouk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-4208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002037883","display_name":"Stanley Osher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-4658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-4658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanley J. Osher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023764298","display_name":"Henry C. Kapteyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8386-6317","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8386-6317"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137473845","display_name":"Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/008hybe55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry C. Kapteyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8386-6317","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062812212","display_name":"Vincent H. Crespi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-3193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-3193"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent H. Crespi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-3193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049000751","display_name":"John V. Badding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-830X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-830X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John V. Badding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-830X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Chemistry, Physics, Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029107288","display_name":"Yaroslav Tserkovnyak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-3695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-3695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaroslav Tserkovnyak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-3695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082853262","display_name":"Margaret M. Murnane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9689-5432","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9689-5432"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137473845","display_name":"Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/008hybe55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret M. Murnane","raw_affiliation_strings":["JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137473845","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013484038","display_name":"Jianwei Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4033-3945","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4033-3945"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianwei Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. miao@physics.ucla.edu","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA. miao@physics.ucla.edu","STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4033-3945","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. miao@physics.ucla.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA. miao@physics.ucla.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STROBE Science and Technology Center, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013484038"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765","https://openalex.org/I188538660"],"apc_list":{"value":11690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":11690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3719,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98106338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"227","last_page":"232"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11682","display_name":"Advanced Condensed Matter Physics","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10657","display_name":"Topological Materials and Phenomena","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hedgehogs","display_name":"hedgehogs","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bloch-points","display_name":"Bloch points","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergent-magnetic-field","display_name":"emergent magnetic field","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoscale-magnetic-imaging","display_name":"nanoscale magnetic imaging","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-textures","display_name":"spin textures","score":0.5529999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82217956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184207","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","level":2,"score":0.6859732866287231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781204021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497091","display_name":"Lattice (music)","level":2,"score":0.6144489049911499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149298590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219708","display_name":"Magnetic monopole","level":2,"score":0.5830004811286926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.5673238635063171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.539067804813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.42412009835243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4203953146934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.23428666591644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13719740509986877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.08351346850395203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7822423","display_name":"Nature Nanotechnology","issn_l":"1748-3387","issn":["1748-3387","1748-3395"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Nanotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1413330/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1413330/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1413330/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1413330/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:36690739","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36690739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature nanotechnology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/:4152865","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01311-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400827","display_name":"Repository@Hull (Worktribe) (University of Hull)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I191240316","host_organization_name":"University of Hull","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191240316"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hull-repository.worktribe.com:4154402","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/output/4154402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400827","display_name":"Repository@Hull (Worktribe) (University of Hull)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I191240316","host_organization_name":"University of Hull","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191240316"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1906845","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1906845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:shura.shu.ac.uk:32741","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-0106>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401600","display_name":"SHURA (Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive) (Sheffield Hallam University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","host_organization_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1413330/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1413330/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1413330/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1413330/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1286236842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1286251239","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1314494723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1395360581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMR1548924","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337367","funder_display_name":"Division of Materials Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1863003419","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DEAC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2358513541","display_name":"NONEQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS IN MAGNETIC NANOSTRUCTURES","funder_award_id":"DESC0012190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G237429762","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338483","funder_display_name":"Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2618837358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2810384502","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338483","funder_display_name":"Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2999910790","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-18-1-0431","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G30714459","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-05CH11231.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3083819904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3128650482","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DESC0010378","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G419881185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DEAC02\u201305CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G42916606","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE AC02 05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4481661474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-18-1-0431","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","funder_display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4501827968","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G498139845","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080714059","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0012190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5206177008","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5222170445","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5255510351","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0010378","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338483","funder_display_name":"Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5360675294","display_name":"NEW; SISGR: ULTRAFAST MAGNETISM DYNAMICS MESAURE USING TABLETOP ULTRAFAST EUV SOURCES; PI- MARGARET MURNANE","funder_award_id":"DESC0002002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6298524200","display_name":"NEW; SISGR: ULTRAFAST MAGNETISM DYNAMICS MESAURE USING TABLETOP ULTRAFAST EUV SOURCES; PI- MARGARET MURNANE","funder_award_id":"DESC0002002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G650090426","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02\u201305CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6652958823","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7452299184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7495788186","display_name":"THREE-DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOMATERIALS AT ATOMIC RESOLUTION USING STEM TOMOGRAPHY","funder_award_id":"DESC0010378","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G791371132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE\u2010AC02\u201005\u2010CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338483","funder_display_name":"Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8814082397","display_name":"Science and Technology Center on Real-Time Functional Imaging (STROBE)","funder_award_id":"1548924","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8825387107","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D18AC00017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8905037300","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0002002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","funder_display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G969889393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337367","display_name":"Division of Materials Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01pc7k308"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337480","display_name":"Basic Energy Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05mg91w61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338483","display_name":"Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317757487.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317757487.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42110264","https://openalex.org/W1847564501","https://openalex.org/W1973020622","https://openalex.org/W1977429508","https://openalex.org/W1985969933","https://openalex.org/W1991395163","https://openalex.org/W1992419399","https://openalex.org/W2007855820","https://openalex.org/W2009741028","https://openalex.org/W2028160465","https://openalex.org/W2050459029","https://openalex.org/W2052113696","https://openalex.org/W2052116603","https://openalex.org/W2056103318","https://openalex.org/W2062906151","https://openalex.org/W2066796611","https://openalex.org/W2068362270","https://openalex.org/W2075143197","https://openalex.org/W2075824676","https://openalex.org/W2081910334","https://openalex.org/W2083973144","https://openalex.org/W2088645368","https://openalex.org/W2095021628","https://openalex.org/W2105987751","https://openalex.org/W2107971449","https://openalex.org/W2109112373","https://openalex.org/W2115215065","https://openalex.org/W2152403125","https://openalex.org/W2223956994","https://openalex.org/W2269106613","https://openalex.org/W2394647935","https://openalex.org/W2402772828","https://openalex.org/W2516435291","https://openalex.org/W2728611525","https://openalex.org/W2736395436","https://openalex.org/W2751223987","https://openalex.org/W2775559768","https://openalex.org/W2912207278","https://openalex.org/W2912614000","https://openalex.org/W2999452665","https://openalex.org/W3007265544","https://openalex.org/W3014550992","https://openalex.org/W3019433992","https://openalex.org/W3035887638","https://openalex.org/W3083912747","https://openalex.org/W3086922364","https://openalex.org/W3088425794","https://openalex.org/W3103699933","https://openalex.org/W3111387683","https://openalex.org/W3112154308","https://openalex.org/W3137536452","https://openalex.org/W3207549212","https://openalex.org/W3213639955","https://openalex.org/W4200264106","https://openalex.org/W4206758564","https://openalex.org/W4362667549","https://openalex.org/W6602577264"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285249767","https://openalex.org/W3159155345","https://openalex.org/W4387132693","https://openalex.org/W7104683985","https://openalex.org/W4281694227","https://openalex.org/W3112154308","https://openalex.org/W2207343787","https://openalex.org/W4327743710","https://openalex.org/W4404922223","https://openalex.org/W1976255743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Topological":[1],"magnetic":[2,49,77,105,126,183,211,232],"monopoles,":[3],"also":[4,176],"known":[5],"as":[6,197],"hedgehogs":[7],"or":[8],"Bloch":[9],"points,":[10],"are":[11,18,150,162],"three-dimensional":[12],"(3D)":[13],"nonlocal":[14],"spin":[15],"textures":[16],"that":[17,140,191,216],"robust":[19],"to":[20,26,45,98,124,134,201,225],"thermal":[21],"and":[22,37,55,63,103,147,158,171,203,207,233],"quantum":[23],"fluctuations":[24],"due":[25],"their":[27,30,58],"topology1-4.":[28],"Understanding":[29],"properties":[31],"is":[32,122],"of":[33,73,83,107,116,129,168,209],"both":[34],"fundamental":[35],"interest":[36],"practical":[38],"applications1-9.":[39],"However,":[40],"it":[41],"has":[42],"been":[43],"difficult":[44],"experimentally":[46],"produce":[47],"topological":[48,76,109,142,179,210],"monopoles":[50,78,110,180],"in":[51,185,231],"a":[52,84,112,198],"controlled":[53],"manner":[54],"directly":[56],"observe":[57,177],"3D":[59,93,113,228],"magnetization":[60,101],"vector":[61,96,102,219,229],"field":[62,106],"interactions":[64,206],"at":[65,79,87,164,236],"the":[66,71,80,100,108,125,141,156,186,205,237],"nanoscale.":[67,238],"Here,":[68],"we":[69,214],"report":[70],"creation":[72],"138":[74],"stable":[75],"specific":[81],"sites":[82],"ferromagnetic":[85,192],"meta-lattice":[86],"room":[88],"temperature.":[89],"We":[90,138,175],"further":[91],"develop":[92],"soft":[94,217],"x-ray":[95,218],"ptychography":[97,220],"determine":[99],"emergent":[104],"with":[111,145],"spatial":[114,120],"resolution":[115,121],"10":[117],"nm.":[118],"This":[119,188],"comparable":[123],"exchange":[127],"length":[128],"transition":[130],"metals10,":[131],"enabling":[132],"us":[133],"probe":[135],"monopole-monopole":[136],"interactions.":[137],"find":[139],"monopole":[143],"pairs":[144,161],"positive":[146],"negative":[148],"charges":[149],"separated":[151],"by":[152,182],"18.3\u00b11.6":[153],"nm,":[154,173],"while":[155],"positively":[157],"negatively":[159],"charged":[160],"stabilized":[163],"comparatively":[165],"longer":[166],"distances":[167],"36.1\u00b12.4":[169],"nm":[170],"43.1\u00b12.0":[172],"respectively.":[174],"virtual":[178],"created":[181],"voids":[184],"meta-lattice.":[187],"work":[189],"demonstrates":[190],"meta-lattices":[193],"could":[194],"be":[195,222],"used":[196],"new":[199],"platform":[200],"create":[202],"investigate":[204],"dynamics":[208],"monopoles.":[212],"Furthermore,":[213],"expect":[215],"can":[221],"broadly":[223],"applied":[224],"quantitatively":[226],"image":[227],"fields":[230],"anisotropic":[234],"materials":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-01-23T00:00:00"}