{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4317399331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","title":"PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS OF TRAMADOL AND ITS O-DESMETHYL TRAMADOL METABOLITE IN POSTOPERATIVE PATIENTS","display_name":"PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS OF TRAMADOL AND ITS O-DESMETHYL TRAMADOL METABOLITE IN POSTOPERATIVE PATIENTS","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4317399331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.authorea.com/doi/pdf/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.authorea.com/doi/pdf/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053897163","display_name":"Mohammed Adinoyi Usman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-325X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-325X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252535","display_name":"Federal Medical Center, Birnin Kudu","ror":"https://ror.org/03q1x3h54","country_code":"NG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252535"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Adinoyi USMAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["federal medical centre birnin kudu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-325X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"federal medical centre birnin kudu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109732483","display_name":"Andrew Onu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5998-6172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5998-6172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55202024","display_name":"Usmanu Danfodiyo University","ror":"https://ror.org/006er0w72","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55202024"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Onu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Usmanu Danfodiyo University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Usmanu Danfodiyo University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55202024"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053897163"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.38350000977516174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.38350000977516174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.31690001487731934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.1817999929189682,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tramadol","display_name":"tramadol","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/o-desmethyltramadol","display_name":"O-desmethyltramadol","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacokinetics","display_name":"pharmacokinetics","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-analgesia","display_name":"postoperative analgesia","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-pain-management","display_name":"postoperative pain management","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-administration","display_name":"oral administration","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-concentration","display_name":"plasma concentration","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/half-life","display_name":"half-life","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-patients","display_name":"African patients","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-abuse","display_name":"drug abuse","score":0.593999981880188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407592","display_name":"Tramadol","level":3,"score":0.9901792407035828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780820201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173235","display_name":"Analgesic","level":2,"score":0.6779122948646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6192743182182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595","display_name":"Metabolite","level":2,"score":0.6178035736083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22979827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5137311","display_name":"Cmax","level":3,"score":0.6142988801002502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.5845484137535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.5587725639343262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5166340470314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.5098835229873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149151106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677569","display_name":"Active metabolite","level":3,"score":0.4474034607410431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2266417145729065}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.authorea.com/doi/pdf/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.authorea.com/doi/pdf/10.22541/au.167410984.44430782","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317399331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317399331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2989401775","https://openalex.org/W3154008345","https://openalex.org/W7116928203","https://openalex.org/W2060795452","https://openalex.org/W1969700502","https://openalex.org/W7023538637","https://openalex.org/W7217936110","https://openalex.org/W2148669172","https://openalex.org/W2131898726","https://openalex.org/W2391543873"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"Tramadol":[1],"is":[2,20],"a":[3,23,32,76,108],"unique":[4],"analgesic":[5],"because":[6],"of":[7,35,54,71,98,112,118,142],"its":[8,42,101,121,179],"serotonin,":[9],"gamma-aminobutyric":[10],"acid":[11],"(GABA),":[12],"norepinephrine":[13],"and":[14,44,90,100,120,155,159,171,178,188,196,204],"opioid":[15],"effects,":[16],"as":[17,22,31],"such,":[18],"it":[19,27],"famous":[21],"postoperative":[24,74,80,105],"analgesic;":[25],"regrettably,":[26],"has":[28],"gained":[29],"notoriety":[30],"major":[33],"source":[34],"drug":[36,78],"abuse":[37],"in":[38,57,61,73,79,213,223,237],"West":[39],"Africa.":[40,62],"Despite":[41],"licit":[43],"illicit":[45],"popularity,":[46],"few":[47],"studies":[48,225,234],"have":[49],"focused":[50],"on":[51,103,150],"the":[52,68,93,143,219,238],"pharmacokinetics":[53],"oral":[55,110],"tramadol":[56,72,99,113,119,123,158,161,177],"blacks":[58],"who":[59],"reside":[60],"This":[63],"study":[64,215],"aimed":[65],"to":[66,173,183,241],"assess":[67],"pharmacokinetic":[69],"parameters":[70],"patients,":[75],"common":[77],"pain":[81],"management.":[82],"METHODS":[83],"AND":[84],"EXPERIMENTAL":[85],"APPROACH":[86],"After":[87],"ethical":[88],"clearance":[89],"informed":[91],"consent,":[92],"researcher":[94],"conducted":[95],"time":[96,172],"kinetics":[97],"metabolite":[102,124,180],"12":[104],"patients":[106,144],"after":[107,131],"single":[109],"dose":[111],"at":[114],"100":[115],"mg.":[116],"Concentrations":[117],"O-desmethyl":[122,160],"were":[125,162,181,216],"assayed":[126],"using":[127],"HPLC":[128],"(UV":[129],"detection)":[130],"liquid-liquid":[132],"extraction.":[133],"The":[134,211],"internal":[135],"standard":[136],"used":[137],"was":[138],"phenacetin.":[139],"RESULTS":[140],"None":[141],"experienced":[145],"severe":[146,231],"adverse":[147,230],"effects.":[148],"Data":[149],"validation,":[151],"robustness,":[152],"linearity,":[153],"precision":[154],"accuracy":[156],"for":[157,176],"within":[163],"acceptable":[164],"limits.":[165],"Maximum":[166],"plasma":[167],"concentration":[168],"(Cmax),":[169],"half-life,":[170],"reach":[174],"Cmax":[175],"found":[182],"be":[184],"5.11":[185],"\u00b1":[186,190,194,198,202,206],"2.95":[187],"4.68":[189],"2.9":[191],"mg/L;":[192],"9.17":[193],"6.94":[195],"5.75":[197],"4.52":[199],"hours;":[200],"4.71":[201],"3.77":[203],"3.38":[205],"2.13":[207],"hours":[208],"respectively.":[209],"CONCLUSIONS":[210],"findings":[212],"this":[214],"higher":[217],"than":[218],"therapeutic":[220],"level":[221],"described":[222],"previous":[224],"reviewed":[226],"without":[227],"any":[228],"acute":[229],"effect,":[232],"further":[233],"are":[235],"needed":[236],"studied":[239],"population":[240],"verify":[242],"these":[243],"findings.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2023-01-19T00:00:00"}
