{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4316655798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","title":"Geospatial analysis of firearm injuries in an urban setting: Individual rather than community characteristics affect firearm injury risk","display_name":"Geospatial analysis of firearm injuries in an urban setting: Individual rather than community characteristics affect firearm injury risk","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4316655798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36702734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101510409","display_name":"The American Journal of Surgery","issn_l":"0002-9610","issn":["0002-9610","1879-1883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024588522","display_name":"Melike Harfouche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9555-5698","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9555-5698"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Melike N. Harfouche","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address: mharfouche@som.umaryland.edu","Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA","University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9555-5698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address: mharfouche@som.umaryland.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108099398","display_name":"Timothy Shields","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Shields","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address: tshields@jhu.edu","Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address: tshields@jhu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058642323","display_name":"Frank C. Curriero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-0648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-0648"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank C. Curriero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address: fcurriero@jhu.edu","Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address: fcurriero@jhu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N Wolf St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024588522","https://openalex.org/A5058642323","https://openalex.org/A5108099398"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":{"value":3540,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3540},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87345939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"225","issue":"6","first_page":"1062","last_page":"1068"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12265","display_name":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12265","display_name":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13605","display_name":"Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firearm-injuries","display_name":"firearm injuries","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-violence","display_name":"interpersonal violence","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-violence","display_name":"urban violence","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-men","display_name":"Black men","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-risk-factors","display_name":"injury risk factors","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-deprivation","display_name":"neighborhood disadvantage","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-prevention","display_name":"injury prevention","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baltimore","display_name":"Baltimore","score":0.7860000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.7525659799575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.6059470772743225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.5747351050376892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.5400728583335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5383407473564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.44312453269958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4271533191204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17923572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250160","display_name":"Propensity score matching","level":2,"score":0.416850209236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.4149875342845917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.34215348958969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3391561508178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.10975709557533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.10371756553649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015142","descriptor_name":"Baltimore","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.01.014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101510409","display_name":"The American Journal of Surgery","issn_l":"0002-9610","issn":["0002-9610","1879-1883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36702734","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36702734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.8974000215530396},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.666700005531311},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.47999998927116394}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W594503987","https://openalex.org/W1490441963","https://openalex.org/W1879852498","https://openalex.org/W1920233291","https://openalex.org/W1969507740","https://openalex.org/W1971797560","https://openalex.org/W1992644972","https://openalex.org/W1996953833","https://openalex.org/W2007241846","https://openalex.org/W2015570280","https://openalex.org/W2042903601","https://openalex.org/W2055834056","https://openalex.org/W2065640203","https://openalex.org/W2073970946","https://openalex.org/W2081135415","https://openalex.org/W2095310139","https://openalex.org/W2130038369","https://openalex.org/W2131854704","https://openalex.org/W2570046134","https://openalex.org/W2573872258","https://openalex.org/W2775492008","https://openalex.org/W2789453180","https://openalex.org/W2899426277","https://openalex.org/W2968367887","https://openalex.org/W3006439039","https://openalex.org/W3108702244","https://openalex.org/W3193804213","https://openalex.org/W4214845346","https://openalex.org/W4293108385","https://openalex.org/W6640299499"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4280612050","https://openalex.org/W7133612118","https://openalex.org/W4387418707","https://openalex.org/W7222945824","https://openalex.org/W4410230694","https://openalex.org/W4395081252","https://openalex.org/W2586280984","https://openalex.org/W2573872258","https://openalex.org/W2605757868","https://openalex.org/W4408555644"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-01-17T00:00:00"}