{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312378816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","title":"Load Balancing and Detection of Distributed Denial of Service Attacks Using Entropy Detection","display_name":"Load Balancing and Detection of Distributed Denial of Service Attacks Using Entropy Detection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312378816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","pdf_url":"https://ijccce.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_174222_187d1be143d19db7b9085c92ce5b74b3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230923","display_name":"Iraqi Journal of Computer Communication Control and System Engineering","issn_l":"1811-9212","issn":["1811-9212","2617-3352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Iraqi Journal of Computer, Communication, Control and System Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ijccce.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_174222_187d1be143d19db7b9085c92ce5b74b3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yaseen, Hiba Salah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171256487","display_name":"University of Technology - Iraq","ror":"https://ror.org/01w1ehb86","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaseen, Hiba Salah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department , University of Technology , Baghdad , Iraq","University of Technology, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department , University of Technology , Baghdad , Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010637890","display_name":"Ahmed Al-Saadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8176-4680","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8176-4680"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171256487","display_name":"University of Technology - Iraq","ror":"https://ror.org/01w1ehb86","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Al-Saadi, Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171256487"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2134,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53388654,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"60","last_page":"73"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.024399999529123306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ddos-attacks","display_name":"DDoS attacks","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ddos-detection","display_name":"DDoS attack detection","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"software-defined networking","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"load balancing","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-rerouting","display_name":"traffic rerouting","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center-networks","display_name":"data center networks","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openflow","display_name":"OpenFlow","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pox","display_name":"POX","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-reduction","display_name":"false positive reduction","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-isolation","display_name":"traffic isolation","score":0.30399999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.8885849714279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7723054885864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10597312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473302","display_name":"Forwarding plane","level":3,"score":0.6081750392913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.59807288646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.5869778990745544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5494945049285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192697461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4045918","display_name":"OpenFlow","level":3,"score":0.43857526779174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.34019938111305237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23063498735427856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.19690942764282227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.08295083045959473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","pdf_url":"https://ijccce.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_174222_187d1be143d19db7b9085c92ce5b74b3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230923","display_name":"Iraqi Journal of Computer Communication Control and System Engineering","issn_l":"1811-9212","issn":["1811-9212","2617-3352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Iraqi Journal of Computer, Communication, Control and System Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33103/uot.ijccce.21.4.6","pdf_url":"https://ijccce.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_174222_187d1be143d19db7b9085c92ce5b74b3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230923","display_name":"Iraqi Journal of Computer Communication Control and System Engineering","issn_l":"1811-9212","issn":["1811-9212","2617-3352"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Iraqi Journal of Computer, Communication, Control and System Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312378816.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312378816.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W637957720","https://openalex.org/W1908122868","https://openalex.org/W2085361835","https://openalex.org/W2131646073","https://openalex.org/W2163375756","https://openalex.org/W2584217814","https://openalex.org/W2751998928","https://openalex.org/W2946221059","https://openalex.org/W2960791616","https://openalex.org/W2965047905","https://openalex.org/W2983221930","https://openalex.org/W3105920235","https://openalex.org/W3121630393","https://openalex.org/W3171273425","https://openalex.org/W3185956134","https://openalex.org/W3187730200","https://openalex.org/W4248669805","https://openalex.org/W4250822211","https://openalex.org/W7160249084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4294187928","https://openalex.org/W2964388642","https://openalex.org/W4250822211","https://openalex.org/W3200553743","https://openalex.org/W4226176864","https://openalex.org/W3110907450","https://openalex.org/W2983221930","https://openalex.org/W7028924609","https://openalex.org/W3121630393","https://openalex.org/W4384693831"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"Defined":[1],"Network":[2,118,266],"(SDN)":[3],"is":[4,15,39,48,101,230,238],"a":[5,11,81,98,154],"modern":[6],"network":[7,47,92],"architecture":[8],"that":[9,44],"has":[10],"centralized":[12],"controller.":[13],"It":[14,50],"more":[16,88,167],"flexible,":[17],"and":[18,53,73,107,114,150,171],"programmable":[19],"due":[20],"to":[21,63,76,90,103,125,131,142,159,199,232],"the":[22,25,29,42,45,55,60,71,74,78,91,126,129,133,157,161,177,180,188,194,203,210,220,235,249],"separation":[23],"of":[24,35,41,128,137,164,179,252,260],"control":[26],"plane":[27],"from":[28,57,109],"data":[30],"plane.":[31],"However,":[32],"Distributed":[33,258],"Denial":[34,259],"Service":[36,261],"(DDoS)":[37,262],"attacks":[38,68,111],"one":[40,169],"dangers":[43],"SDN":[46],"facing.":[49],"could":[51,86],"attack":[52,241],"stop":[54,77],"controller":[56],"working,":[58],"causing":[59],"whole":[61],"system":[62,120,268],"be":[64,200],"down.":[65],"Moreover,":[66,227],"DDoS":[67,110],"can":[69],"target":[70],"hosts":[72],"switches":[75],"services":[79],"for":[80],"long":[82],"time":[83],"as":[84],"they":[85],"cause":[87],"damage":[89],"or":[93,242],"datacenter.":[94],"In":[95],"this":[96,138,191,228,245],"work,":[97],"proposed":[99],"approach":[100],"utilized":[102],"protect":[104],"datacenter":[105,130,158],"networks":[106],"servers":[108],"using":[112],"entropy":[113,221],"real":[115],"SDN-controller":[116],"Python":[117,265],"Operating":[119,267],"(POX)":[121],"by":[122,184],"redirect":[123],"traffic":[124,165,237],"edge":[127],"minimize":[132],"damage.":[134],"The":[135],"results":[136,206],"experiment":[139],"show":[140],"how":[141],"detect":[143],"abnormal":[144],"traffics":[145],"in":[146,153,166,224],"an":[147,239],"early":[148],"stage":[149],"isolate":[151],"them":[152],"server":[155,170,181],"outside":[156],"distribute":[160],"huge":[162],"amount":[163],"than":[168],"avoid":[172],"congestion":[173],"on":[174,202],"switches.":[175],"Also,":[176],"throughput":[178],"was":[182,216],"increased":[183],"about":[185],"%16":[186],"during":[187],"suspected":[189,236],"attack,":[190],"means":[192],"maintaining":[193],"service":[195],"until":[196],"further":[197],"analysis":[198],"done":[201,231],"traffic.":[204],"These":[205],"are":[207],"compared":[208],"with":[209,219],"direct":[211],"block":[212],"mitigation":[213],"method":[214,223,246],"which":[215],"mostly":[217],"used":[218],"detection":[222],"previous":[225],"researches.":[226],"work":[229],"confirm":[233],"whether":[234],"actual":[240],"not.":[243],"Therefore,":[244],"will":[247],"decrease":[248],"false":[250],"positives":[251],"detection.":[253],"IndexTerms\u2014":[254],"Software-Defined":[255],"Networking":[256],"(SDN),":[257],"attacks,":[263],"OpenFlow,":[264],"(POX).":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2023-01-04T00:00:00"}