{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310348441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","title":"The Impact of Obesity on Plastic Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","display_name":"The Impact of Obesity on Plastic Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310348441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36446752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/asj/sjac310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/asj/article-pdf/43/4/NP293/49532172/sjac310.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193626562","display_name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","issn_l":"1090-820X","issn":["1090-820X","1527-330X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/asj/article-pdf/43/4/NP293/49532172/sjac310.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090671968","display_name":"Dai\u2010Zhu Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142271","display_name":"Wan Fang Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/058y0nn10","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142271"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47519274","display_name":"Taipei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05031qk94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dai-Zhu Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of General Medicine , Wan Fang Hospital , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Medicine , Wan Fang Hospital , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142271","https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416510","display_name":"Yun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-0215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-0215"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064948233","display_name":"Yi\u2010No Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8244-2846","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8244-2846"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-No Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8244-2846","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000407902","display_name":"Wen\u2010Kuan Chiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-6173","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-6173"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47519274","display_name":"Taipei Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05031qk94","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Kuan Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["111 Xinglong Road , Sec. 3 , Wenshan District , Taipei City 11696 , Taiwan","College of Medicine , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"111 Xinglong Road , Sec. 3 , Wenshan District , Taipei City 11696 , Taiwan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000407902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47519274"],"apc_list":{"value":5080,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5080},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0512,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07004135,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"4","first_page":"NP293","last_page":"NP294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12173","display_name":"Body Contouring and Surgery","score":0.6133000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12173","display_name":"Body Contouring and Surgery","score":0.6133000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10599","display_name":"Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques","score":0.20389999449253082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11258","display_name":"Breast Implant and Reconstruction","score":0.02759999968111515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plastic-surgery","display_name":"plastic surgery","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-complications","display_name":"postoperative complications","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconstructive-surgery","display_name":"reconstructive surgery","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmetic-surgery","display_name":"cosmetic surgery","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdominal-reconstruction","display_name":"abdominal reconstruction","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head-and-neck-reconstruction","display_name":"head and neck reconstruction","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lower-limb-reconstruction","display_name":"lower extremity reconstruction","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-reconstruction","display_name":"breast reconstruction","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectus-abdominis-myocutaneous-flap","display_name":"rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgroup-analysis","display_name":"subgroup analysis","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-risk","display_name":"relative risk","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-analysis-reanalysis","display_name":"meta-analysis reanalysis","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publication-bias","display_name":"publication bias","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effect-size-heterogeneity","display_name":"effect size heterogeneity","score":0.36899998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9728494882583618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.6431180834770203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.5381774306297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.5226545333862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779303773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15762541","display_name":"Obesity Surgery","level":5,"score":0.4998805522918701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3251950740814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.32514333724975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544821477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718113","display_name":"Weight loss","level":3,"score":0.19713395833969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.171421080827713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019402062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813603","display_name":"Gastric bypass","level":4,"score":0.07211825251579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009765","descriptor_name":"Obesity","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009765","descriptor_name":"Obesity","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013518","descriptor_name":"Surgery, Plastic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019651","descriptor_name":"Plastic Surgery Procedures","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/asj/sjac310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/asj/article-pdf/43/4/NP293/49532172/sjac310.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193626562","display_name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","issn_l":"1090-820X","issn":["1090-820X","1527-330X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36446752","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36446752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aesthetic surgery journal","raw_type":"Letter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/asj/sjac310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjac310","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/asj/article-pdf/43/4/NP293/49532172/sjac310.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193626562","display_name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","issn_l":"1090-820X","issn":["1090-820X","1527-330X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4310348441.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4310348441.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W231869649","https://openalex.org/W2607138440","https://openalex.org/W4205452623"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313897307","https://openalex.org/W2607138440","https://openalex.org/W2314536118","https://openalex.org/W2995821825","https://openalex.org/W4254550640","https://openalex.org/W3005387688","https://openalex.org/W4311820986","https://openalex.org/W4399163398","https://openalex.org/W2334861884","https://openalex.org/W4366772276"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"read":[1],"Bigarella":[2],"et":[3,174],"al\u2019s":[4],"study":[5,171,204],"in":[6,38,41,62,82,85,138,144,157,289,341,347,374,389,394,408,426,489,529,536],"which":[7,320],"they":[8],"investigated":[9],"a":[10,148,249,522,541,549],"number":[11],"of":[12,18,24,30,44,49,60,74,77,97,178,234,275,285,307,338,405,423,436,492,567,595,623,633,648],"excellent":[13],"articles":[14],"on":[15,20,57,79,248,403,421],"the":[16,21,28,42,47,58,68,75,94,130,139,145,152,158,170,179,203,209,213,219,259,324,328,331,336,348,372,375,434,439,449,457,497,501,517,562,628,643],"impact":[17,59],"obesity":[19,31,61,78,342,479,547],"postoperative":[22,80],"complications":[23,81,388,407,425],"plastic":[25,83,568],"surgeries.1":[26],"As":[27],"prevalence":[29],"increases,":[32],"physicians":[33],"are":[34],"expressing":[35],"growing":[36],"interest":[37,624],"its":[39],"role":[40],"pathophysiology":[43],"diseases":[45],"and":[46,71,90,119,123,132,154,192,252,270,303,317,469,480,564,579,598,607,631,646],"efficacy":[48],"therapies.":[50],"Although":[51],"there":[52],"have":[53,521],"been":[54],"previous":[55],"studies":[56],"breast":[63,107,532,578],"reconstruction,2":[64],"this":[65,537,612,634,649],"research":[66],"represents":[67],"first":[69],"meta-analysis":[70,146,215,377],"systematic":[72],"review":[73],"influences":[76],"surgeries":[84,368,445,569,582],"general,":[86],"including":[87,117],"both":[88],"cosmetic":[89],"reconstructive":[91,115,367,413,444,581,603],"surgeries.":[92,414,604],"Despite":[93],"important":[95],"demonstration":[96],"an":[98,224],"increased":[99,360],"risk":[100,314,337,361,481,524],"ratio":[101],"(RR)":[102],"with":[103,236,267,323,400,418,625],"obese":[104,131,153,276,316,363,390,518,591],"patients":[105,279,364,393,409,427,592],"undergoing":[106,280,365,410,428,526],"reconstructions,":[108,125,296,299,302],"it":[109,217,453],"caught":[110],"our":[111],"attention":[112],"that":[113,169,335,452,516,544],"other":[114,201,231,282,395,412,443,484],"surgeries,":[116],"head":[118],"neck,":[120],"lower":[121],"extremity,":[122],"abdominal":[124,181,301,366,429,493,527,553,580],"demonstrated":[126,312],"nonsignificant":[127,313],"differences":[128],"between":[129,151,315,478],"normal-weight":[133,278],"control":[134],"groups":[135],"(Figure":[136,486,495],"4":[137],"original":[140,214,325,376],"study),":[141],"However,":[142,327,488],"data":[143],"indicate":[147],"significant":[149,260],"difference":[150],"nonobese":[155,318,349,392],"population":[156,350],"abdomen":[159,210,332],"subgroup":[160,211,271,333],"(RR,":[161,351,378],"1.53;":[162,352,379],"95%":[163,353,380],"CI,":[164,354,381],"1.32-1.77).":[165],"Furthermore,":[166],"we":[167],"noticed":[168],"by":[172,185],"Maricevich":[173],"al":[175],"reported":[176],"reconstruction":[177],"posterior":[180],"wall":[182],"following":[183],"sacrectomy":[184],"rectus":[186],"abdominis":[187,195],"myocutaneous":[188,196],"(68.5%),":[189],"gluteal":[190],"(27.8%),":[191],"combined":[193],"gluteal/rectus":[194],"(3.7%)":[197],"flap":[198],"reconstructions.":[199,308,396,430,533],"In":[200],"words,":[202],"could":[205,520],"be":[206,256,585],"placed":[207],"into":[208,218,240,575],"although":[212],"categorized":[216],"sacretomy":[220],"defect":[221],"subgroup.":[222],"Therefore,":[223],"updated":[225,244],"analysis":[226,245,254,272,399,417,491],"was":[227,246,321,343,471],"performed":[228],"for":[229,258,273,330,362,442,482,590,642],"reconstructions":[230,281,485,494,528],"than":[232,283,346],"those":[233,284],"breasts,":[235],"each":[237],"region":[238],"separated":[239],"different":[241],"subgroups.":[242],"The":[243,359,534,555,617,636],"based":[247],"random-effects":[250],"model,":[251],"sequential":[253,437,490],"might":[255],"warranted":[257],"finding.":[261],"All":[262],"analyses":[263],"were":[264,293],"carried":[265],"out":[266],"R.":[268],"Overall":[269,309],"RR":[274],"vs":[277,391],"breasts":[286],"is":[287,369,593],"shown":[288],"Figure":[290],"1A.":[291],"There":[292],"1490":[294],"lower-extremity":[295],"3064":[297],"head-and-neck":[298],"2255":[300],"838":[304],"nonspecific":[305],"sites":[306],"complication":[310,340],"rates":[311,404,422],"patients,":[319],"consistent":[322],"study.":[326],"result":[329],"showed":[334],"overall":[339],"significantly":[344],"higher":[345],"1.33-1.77;":[355],"P":[356,383],"<":[357,384],".001).":[358],"similar":[370],"to":[371,433,474,531,540,552,560,584,611,627],"finding":[373],"1.32-1.77;":[382],".00001).1":[385],"(A)":[386],"Any":[387],"(B)":[397],"Sequential":[398,416],"monitoring":[401,419],"boundaries":[402,420],"any":[406,424,476],"all":[411,483],"(C)":[415],"With":[431],"regard":[432],"results":[435,535],"analysis,":[438],"z-score":[440,498],"curve":[441,499],"did":[446,454],"not":[447,455,472],"cross":[448],"boundaries,":[450],"demonstrating":[451],"reach":[456],"required":[458,502],"information":[459,503],"size":[460,504],"(required":[461,505],"sample":[462,466,506,510],"size,":[463,467,507,511],"496,219;":[464],"acquired":[465,509],"148,866)":[468],"thus":[470],"sufficient":[473],"conclude":[475],"association":[477],"1B).":[487],"1C),":[496],"crossed":[500],"4567;":[508],"2255),":[512],"indicating":[513],"conclusive":[514],"evidence":[515,557],"patient":[519],"greater":[523],"when":[525],"addition":[530],"letter":[538],"respond":[539],"recent":[542],"recommendation":[543],"rated":[545],"extreme":[546],"as":[548,614],"relative":[550],"contraindication":[551],"reconstruction.3":[554],"present":[556],"enables":[558],"clinicians":[559],"weigh":[561],"benefits":[563],"potential":[565,621],"harms":[566],"more":[570],"specifically.":[571],"Taking":[572],"body":[573],"weight":[574,588],"consideration":[576],"before":[577,600],"seems":[583],"necessary.":[586],"Perioperative":[587],"management":[589],"worthy":[594],"further":[596],"investigation":[597],"discussion":[599],"these":[601],"2":[602],"Drs":[605],"Lin":[606],"Chen":[608],"contributed":[609],"equally":[610],"work":[613],"co-first":[615],"authors.":[616],"authors":[618,637],"declared":[619],"no":[620,639],"conflicts":[622],"respect":[626],"research,":[629,644],"authorship,":[630,645],"publication":[632,647],"article.":[635,650],"received":[638],"financial":[640],"support":[641]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-12-09T00:00:00"}