{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309831473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","title":"Parental experiences of the impact of grooming and criminal exploitation of children for county lines drug trafficking","display_name":"Parental experiences of the impact of grooming and criminal exploitation of children for county lines drug trafficking","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309831473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36418244"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27214173","display_name":"Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"0943-1853","issn":["0943-1853","1613-2238","1741-3842","1741-3850","2198-1833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007775077","display_name":"Coral J. Dando","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-8475","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-8475"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94951947","display_name":"University of Westminster","ror":"https://ror.org/04ycpbx82","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Coral J Dando","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Westminster Department of Psychology, , London W1W 6UW , UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-8475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Westminster Department of Psychology, , London W1W 6UW , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065012287","display_name":"Thomas Caton Ormerod","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9180-1326","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9180-1326"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","display_name":"University of Sussex","ror":"https://ror.org/00ayhx656","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas C Ormerod","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sussex School of psychology, , Falmer BN1 9PL , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sussex School of psychology, , Falmer BN1 9PL , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091645780","display_name":"Sally Atkinson-Sheppard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4542-4603","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4542-4603","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0626-4483"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94951947","display_name":"University of Westminster","ror":"https://ror.org/04ycpbx82","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sally Atkinson-Sheppard","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Westminster Department of Psychology, , London W1W 6UW , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Westminster Department of Psychology, , London W1W 6UW , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007775077"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94951947"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3482,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92802202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"2","first_page":"e346","last_page":"e354"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12842","display_name":"Youth, Drugs, and Violence","score":0.49219998717308044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12842","display_name":"Youth, Drugs, and Violence","score":0.49219998717308044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.2605000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13101","display_name":"Legal and Social Justice Studies","score":0.07370000332593918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/county-lines","display_name":"county lines","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-criminal-exploitation","display_name":"child criminal exploitation","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grooming","display_name":"grooming","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-experiences","display_name":"parental experiences","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention-failure","display_name":"intervention failure","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-involvement","display_name":"parental involvement","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-well-being","display_name":"child well-being","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-supply","display_name":"drug supply","score":0.3619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7687551975250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.735714316368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.6401028037071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.600252628326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.589809775352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.529403567314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.4872637987136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.4492286443710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.38850635290145874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.3756472170352936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3360480070114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3356238603591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3335532546043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.27356475591659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2732858657836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2256571650505066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.11075866222381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004739","descriptor_name":"England","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006120","descriptor_name":"Grooming","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010290","descriptor_name":"Parents","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057237","descriptor_name":"Criminals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064423","descriptor_name":"Drug Trafficking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27214173","display_name":"Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"0943-1853","issn":["0943-1853","1613-2238","1741-3842","1741-3850","2198-1833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36418244","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36418244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971250889","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2047301273","https://openalex.org/W2080797911","https://openalex.org/W2125485570","https://openalex.org/W2132799733","https://openalex.org/W2135504732","https://openalex.org/W2170396075","https://openalex.org/W2487558668","https://openalex.org/W2529762932","https://openalex.org/W2770954185","https://openalex.org/W2790481117","https://openalex.org/W2791363203","https://openalex.org/W2889716198","https://openalex.org/W2896495390","https://openalex.org/W2901680692","https://openalex.org/W2901986352","https://openalex.org/W2904914521","https://openalex.org/W2912215248","https://openalex.org/W2982573115","https://openalex.org/W2988007372","https://openalex.org/W3000650274","https://openalex.org/W3004950964","https://openalex.org/W3034071846","https://openalex.org/W3080178668","https://openalex.org/W3154469338","https://openalex.org/W3207701354","https://openalex.org/W4220730907","https://openalex.org/W4251149415","https://openalex.org/W4400156083","https://openalex.org/W7010510647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7036754482","https://openalex.org/W3017105249","https://openalex.org/W3154469338","https://openalex.org/W7140014626","https://openalex.org/W2988007372","https://openalex.org/W3004950964","https://openalex.org/W7162898579","https://openalex.org/W4386924947","https://openalex.org/W4395679534","https://openalex.org/W4400156083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"County":[1,38],"lines":[2,39,75],"is":[3,40],"used":[4],"to":[5,22,28,35,44,76,194],"describe":[6],"the":[7,20,52,81,148,189],"illicit":[8],"drug":[9],"supply":[10],"model":[11],"whereby":[12],"drugs":[13],"are":[14,200],"transported":[15],"from":[16,124],"one":[17],"area":[18],"of":[19,59,70,83,104,114,159,163,172,185],"country":[21],"another,":[23],"often":[24],"by":[25,147],"children":[26,60,71],"believed":[27],"have":[29],"been":[30],"physically":[31],"and":[32,54,57,61,80,85,93,110,117,131,141,161,177,187],"psychologically":[33],"coerced":[34],"do":[36],"so.":[37],"a":[41,175,181],"serious":[42],"threat":[43],"public":[45],"health,":[46],"with":[47,68],"significant":[48],"negative":[49],"impacts":[50],"on":[51],"physical":[53],"psychological":[55],"health":[56],"wellbeing":[58],"families.":[62],"METHODS:":[63],"We":[64],"conducted":[65,89],"in-depth":[66],"interviews":[67],"parents":[69,174],"involved":[72],"in":[73],"county":[74],"understand":[77],"their":[78],"experiences":[79],"impact":[82,113],"grooming":[84,140],"recruitment.":[86],"Interviews":[87],"were":[88,145],"between":[90],"December":[91],"2019":[92],"January":[94],"2021.":[95],"Thematic":[96],"analysis":[97],"identified":[98],"four":[99],"primary":[100],"themes:":[101],"(i)":[102],"out":[103],"nowhere":[105],"behaviour":[106],"change,":[107],"(ii)":[108],"escalation":[109],"entrenchment,":[111],"(iii)":[112],"intervention":[115,165],"failures":[116,166],"(iv)":[118],"destructive":[119],"lifestyle":[120],"choices.":[121],"RESULTS:":[122],"Parents":[123],"across":[125],"England":[126],"all":[127],"reported":[128],"similar":[129],"experiences,":[130],"so":[132],"these":[133],"data":[134],"offer":[135],"novel":[136],"insight":[137],"into":[138],"potential":[139,182],"recruitment":[142],"indicators.":[143],"All":[144],"frustrated":[146],"prevailing":[149],"vulnerable":[150],"narrative,":[151],"which":[152],"they":[153],"argued":[154],"hindered":[155],"understanding.":[156],"A":[157],"lack":[158],"consultation,":[160],"reports":[162],"numerous":[164],"was":[167],"common.":[168],"CONCLUSION:":[169],"The":[170],"importance":[171],"giving":[173],"voice":[176],"involving":[178],"them":[179],"as":[180],"first":[183],"line":[184],"defence,":[186],"how":[188],"current":[190],"vulnerability":[191],"narrative":[192],"appears":[193],"be":[195],"closing":[196],"impactful":[197],"education":[198],"opportunities":[199],"discussed.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-11-29T00:00:00"}