{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309729103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","title":"Expectations versus Reality of Designer Dog Ownership in the United States","display_name":"Expectations versus Reality of Designer Dog Ownership in the United States","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309729103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36496768","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9736103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ani12233247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3247/pdf?version=1669190862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168508","display_name":"Animals","issn_l":"2076-2615","issn":["2076-2615"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3247/pdf?version=1669190862","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059098582","display_name":"Bridget Hladky-Krage","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80134939","display_name":"Canisius College","ror":"https://ror.org/01056ge55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80134939"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bridget Hladky-Krage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY 14208, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY 14208, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80134939"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029979203","display_name":"Christy L. Hoffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3077-6363","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3077-6363"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80134939","display_name":"Canisius College","ror":"https://ror.org/01056ge55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80134939"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christy L. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY 14208, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3077-6363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY 14208, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80134939"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029979203","https://openalex.org/A5059098582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80134939"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1885},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1885},"fwci":3.1436,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91823183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"23","first_page":"3247","last_page":"3247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11214","display_name":"Human-Animal Interaction Studies","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11214","display_name":"Human-Animal Interaction Studies","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.012799999676644802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dog-ownership","display_name":"dog ownership","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/owner-expectations","display_name":"owner expectations","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/owner-satisfaction","display_name":"owner satisfaction","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoallergenicity","display_name":"hypoallergenicity","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shedding","display_name":"shedding","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pet-welfare","display_name":"pet welfare","score":0.4819999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.40769699215888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3334953784942627}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ani12233247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3247/pdf?version=1669190862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168508","display_name":"Animals","issn_l":"2076-2615","issn":["2076-2615"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9736103","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9736103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:36496768","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36496768","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals : an open access journal from MDPI","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:42918265304c419c9608d8c5add85500","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/42918265304c419c9608d8c5add85500","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Animals, Vol 12, Iss 23, p 3247 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ani12233247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233247","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3247/pdf?version=1669190862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168508","display_name":"Animals","issn_l":"2076-2615","issn":["2076-2615"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315756","display_name":"American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals","ror":"https://ror.org/03bf4az94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309729103.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309729103.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974426859","https://openalex.org/W2039915934","https://openalex.org/W2045312113","https://openalex.org/W2078830472","https://openalex.org/W2111900150","https://openalex.org/W2114303478","https://openalex.org/W2115370747","https://openalex.org/W2130978406","https://openalex.org/W2147491750","https://openalex.org/W2162293414","https://openalex.org/W2166942985","https://openalex.org/W2590779905","https://openalex.org/W2612619166","https://openalex.org/W2845113378","https://openalex.org/W2963596885","https://openalex.org/W2995807758","https://openalex.org/W2996643502","https://openalex.org/W3021377377","https://openalex.org/W3081108426","https://openalex.org/W3083892044","https://openalex.org/W4213455010","https://openalex.org/W4385595789"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410347562","https://openalex.org/W4410695086","https://openalex.org/W4281400595","https://openalex.org/W2744208568","https://openalex.org/W2845113378","https://openalex.org/W4391601656","https://openalex.org/W4401945892","https://openalex.org/W7216142000","https://openalex.org/W2963596885","https://openalex.org/W4283836880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\"Designer":[0],"dogs\",":[1],"which":[2],"are":[3,17,32,42,153,158],"the":[4,24,48,56,76,82,149,181,233],"hybrid":[5],"offspring":[6],"that":[7,151,187,209],"result":[8],"from":[9,217],"intentionally":[10],"breeding":[11],"dogs":[12,65,100,116,185],"belonging":[13],"to":[14,66,238],"different":[15],"breeds,":[16],"an":[18],"extremely":[19],"popular":[20],"pet":[21],"choice":[22],"in":[23,212],"United":[25],"States.":[26],"Poodle":[27],"mixes,":[28],"often":[29],"called":[30],"\"doodles\",":[31],"a":[33,86],"very":[34],"common":[35],"type":[36],"of":[37,50,84,98,112,120,180,184],"designer":[38],"dog.":[39],"However,":[40],"there":[41],"many":[43,61,175],"misconceptions":[44],"surrounding":[45],"them,":[46],"and":[47,69,114,125,147,157,235],"reality":[49,83],"owning":[51,85,213],"one":[52],"may":[53],"not":[54,74],"match":[55],"owner's":[57],"expectations.":[58,90],"For":[59,91],"instance,":[60],"people":[62],"believe":[63],"these":[64],"be":[67],"non-shedding":[68],"hypoallergenic,":[70],"although":[71],"this":[72],"is":[73],"always":[75],"case.":[77],"This":[78,206],"study":[79,108],"explored":[80],"whether":[81,230],"doodle":[87,135,176],"matches":[88],"owner":[89],"comparison":[92],"purposes,":[93],"we":[94],"also":[95],"asked":[96],"owners":[97,111,122,136,142,162,177,179],"non-doodle":[99,115,141],"about":[101,221],"their":[102,133,144,168,188,194,222,240],"expectations":[103],"versus":[104],"reality.":[105],"Our":[106],"survey-based":[107],"included":[109],"2191":[110],"doodles":[113,152,214],"recruited":[117],"via":[118],"groups":[119,183],"dog":[121],"on":[123],"Facebook":[124],"Reddit.":[126],"The":[127],"data":[128],"showed":[129],"that,":[130],"when":[131],"selecting":[132],"dogs,":[134],"were":[137,199],"more":[138,171,200,219],"influenced":[139],"than":[140,172,178,202],"by":[143,148],"dog's":[145,189,223,241],"appearance":[146],"perception":[150],"good":[154],"with":[155,167],"children":[156],"generally":[159],"healthy.":[160],"Doodle":[161],"reported":[163,186],"being":[164],"highly":[165],"satisfied":[166],"dogs;":[169],"nevertheless,":[170],"twice":[173],"as":[174,193],"other":[182],"maintenance":[190],"requirements,":[191],"such":[192],"need":[195],"for":[196],"regular":[197],"grooming,":[198],"intensive":[201],"they":[203,227,231],"had":[204],"expected.":[205],"finding":[207],"suggests":[208],"those":[210],"interested":[211],"would":[215],"benefit":[216],"having":[218],"information":[220],"grooming":[224],"needs":[225],"so":[226],"can":[228],"decide":[229],"have":[232],"time":[234],"money":[236],"required":[237],"meet":[239],"welfare":[242],"needs.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-11-29T00:00:00"}