{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309701367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","title":"Deep learning classification of early normal-tension glaucoma and glaucoma suspect eyes using Bruch\u2019s membrane opening-based disc photography","display_name":"Deep learning classification of early normal-tension glaucoma and glaucoma suspect eyes using Bruch\u2019s membrane opening-based disc photography","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309701367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36507529","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9726909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009677689","display_name":"Sat Byul Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-271X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-271X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71007489","display_name":"Kyungnam University","ror":"https://ror.org/037pkxm09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71007489"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sat Byul Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics Education, School of Education, Kyungnam University, Changwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics Education, School of Education, Kyungnam University, Changwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71007489"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027963153","display_name":"Hyun-kyung Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5631-5077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5631-5077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189442560","display_name":"Gyeongsang National University","ror":"https://ror.org/00saywf64","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189442560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259016","display_name":"Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01jj61460","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189442560","https://openalex.org/I4210091148","https://openalex.org/I4405259016"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyun-kyung Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Changwon, South Korea","School of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Changwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189442560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027963153"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189442560","https://openalex.org/I4405259016"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":0.4273,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51875366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"1037647","last_page":"1037647"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.7172999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.7172999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.26809999346733093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14384","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-tension-glaucoma","display_name":"normal-tension glaucoma","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaucoma-suspects","display_name":"glaucoma suspects","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bruch-s-membrane-opening","display_name":"Bruch's membrane opening","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-disc-photography","display_name":"optic disc photography","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaucoma-classification","display_name":"glaucoma classification","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-glaucoma-diagnosis","display_name":"early glaucoma detection","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-domain-optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","score":0.8230000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776582655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q991899","display_name":"Bruch's membrane","level":4,"score":0.7965117692947388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778527774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159701","display_name":"Glaucoma","level":2,"score":0.7409327626228333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780179686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17300307","display_name":"Normal tension glaucoma","level":4,"score":0.7397172451019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.6571698188781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779735895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16873995","display_name":"Optic disc","level":3,"score":0.616581916809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49151596426963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.42775362730026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.20488202571868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991803831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159701","display_name":"Open angle glaucoma","level":3,"score":0.20488125085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346242","display_name":"Retinal pigment epithelium","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36507529","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36507529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9726909","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9726909/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Med (Lausanne)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d1c6365f64f94ba3847e554fb48b5423","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d1c6365f64f94ba3847e554fb48b5423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine, Vol 9 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1037647/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309701367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309701367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6335717","https://openalex.org/W1512229665","https://openalex.org/W1989963421","https://openalex.org/W1999013506","https://openalex.org/W2016203464","https://openalex.org/W2018784944","https://openalex.org/W2021933371","https://openalex.org/W2047474241","https://openalex.org/W2059024347","https://openalex.org/W2067860287","https://openalex.org/W2071480495","https://openalex.org/W2071676410","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2078288269","https://openalex.org/W2079652033","https://openalex.org/W2089257677","https://openalex.org/W2099034732","https://openalex.org/W2110897487","https://openalex.org/W2119146079","https://openalex.org/W2140594570","https://openalex.org/W2143899514","https://openalex.org/W2151972002","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2293295816","https://openalex.org/W2330222554","https://openalex.org/W2344962806","https://openalex.org/W2402050431","https://openalex.org/W2469369919","https://openalex.org/W2520752273","https://openalex.org/W2523246573","https://openalex.org/W2792026451","https://openalex.org/W2886438696","https://openalex.org/W2889890481","https://openalex.org/W2891986947","https://openalex.org/W2945526235","https://openalex.org/W2970465024","https://openalex.org/W2970742068","https://openalex.org/W3011690570","https://openalex.org/W3097848058","https://openalex.org/W3099733385","https://openalex.org/W3134187895","https://openalex.org/W3187293469","https://openalex.org/W3193843115","https://openalex.org/W3198450083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3097848058","https://openalex.org/W2921474072","https://openalex.org/W7218520483","https://openalex.org/W2903117925","https://openalex.org/W4385584862","https://openalex.org/W2896056014","https://openalex.org/W7140200897","https://openalex.org/W3086993534","https://openalex.org/W4291177921","https://openalex.org/W3014548009"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"We":[1],"aimed":[2],"to":[3,12,78],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,89,91,94,97,101,110,173,180,201,228],"performance":[6,199],"of":[7,49,88,100,176,183,200,222,230],"a":[8],"deep":[9],"learning":[10],"model":[11,72,171,203],"discriminate":[13],"early":[14,50,81,193,214,231],"normal-tension":[15],"glaucoma":[16,19],"(NTG)":[17],"from":[18,61,74,216],"suspect":[20],"(GS)":[21],"eyes":[22,45,48],"using":[23,204],"Bruch\u2019s":[24],"membrane":[25],"opening":[26],"(BMO)-based":[27],"optic":[28,54,206],"disc":[29,55,207,220],"photography.":[30],"Methods":[31],"501":[32],"subjects":[33],"in":[34,38,109,123,129,140,146,158,164,212,227],"total":[35],"were":[36,107,117],"included":[37],"this":[39],"cross-sectional":[40],"study,":[41],"including":[42],"255":[43],"GS":[44],"and":[46,83,93,151,179,195],"246":[47],"NTG":[51,82,130,147,165,194,215],"patients.":[52],"BMO-based":[53,205],"photography":[56,208,221],"(BMO":[57],"overview)":[58],"was":[59,76,209],"obtained":[60],"spectral-domain":[62],"optical":[63],"coherence":[64],"tomography":[65],"(OCT).":[66],"The":[67,114,198],"convolutional":[68],"neural":[69],"networks":[70],"(CNN)":[71],"built":[73],"scratch":[75],"used":[77],"classify":[79],"between":[80,192],"GS.":[84,196,217],"For":[85],"diagnostic":[86],"performances":[87],"model,":[90],"accuracy":[92,182],"area":[95],"under":[96],"curve":[98,105],"(AUC)":[99],"receiver":[102],"operating":[103],"characteristic":[104],"(ROC)":[106],"evaluated":[108],"test":[111],"set.":[112],"Results":[113],"baseline":[115],"demographics":[116],"age,":[118],"48.01":[119],"\u00b1":[120,126,137,143,155,161],"13.03":[121],"years":[122,128],"GS,":[124,141,159],"54.48":[125],"11.28":[127],"(p":[131,148,166],"=":[132,149,167],"0.000);":[133,150],"mean":[134,174,181],"deviation,":[135],"\u22120.73":[136],"2.10":[138],"dB":[139,145],"\u22122.80":[142],"2.40":[144],"intraocular":[152],"pressure,":[153],"14.92":[154],"2.62":[156],"mmHg":[157,163],"14.79":[160],"2.61":[162],"0.624).":[168],"Our":[169],"CNN":[170,202],"showed":[172],"AUC":[175],"0.94":[177],"(0.83\u20131.00)":[178],"0.91":[184],"(0.82\u20130.98)":[185],"with":[186],"10-fold":[187],"cross":[188],"validation":[189],"for":[190],"discriminating":[191],"Conclusion":[197],"considerably":[210],"good":[211],"classifying":[213],"This":[218],"new":[219],"BMO":[223],"overview":[224],"can":[225],"aid":[226],"diagnosis":[229],"glaucoma.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-11-29T00:00:00"}