{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308423866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","title":"Applications of nanobodies in brain diseases","display_name":"Applications of nanobodies in brain diseases","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308423866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36426363","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9679430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fang Zheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yucheng Pang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yucheng Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043063518","display_name":"Luyao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0250-8428","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0250-8428"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luyao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066367672","display_name":"Yuxing Pang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxing Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100414882","display_name":"Jiaxin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-7987","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-7987"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100382967","display_name":"Xinyi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1149-5067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1149-5067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034729435","display_name":"Geert Raes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9065-1549","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9065-1549"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802017950","display_name":"Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrhmk39","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802017950"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161951","display_name":"VIB-VUB Laboratory Myeloid Cell Immunology","ror":"https://ror.org/05y4fay10","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542","https://openalex.org/I2802017950","https://openalex.org/I32597200","https://openalex.org/I4210161951"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Geert Raes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium","Research Group of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802017950","https://openalex.org/I4210161951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034729435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542","https://openalex.org/I2802017950","https://openalex.org/I4210161951","https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":1.9659,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88830585,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"978513","last_page":"978513"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.025699999183416367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanobodies","display_name":"nanobodies","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-disorders","display_name":"brain disorders","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier","display_name":"blood-brain barrier","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bbb-crossing","display_name":"BBB crossing","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanobody-engineering","display_name":"nanobody engineering","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumors","display_name":"brain tumors","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-vector-gene-delivery","display_name":"viral gene delivery","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radionuclide-conjugation","display_name":"radionuclide conjugation","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosensitizer-conjugation","display_name":"photosensitizer conjugation","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle-conjugation","display_name":"nanoparticle conjugation","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abc-transporters","display_name":"ABC transporters","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solute-carriers","display_name":"solute carrier transporters","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcytosis","display_name":"transcytosis","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caplacizumab","display_name":"caplacizumab","score":0.8529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660197","display_name":"Immunogenicity","level":3,"score":0.6538820862770081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185350488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q615386","display_name":"Transcytosis","level":4,"score":0.5541921854019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5230929851531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221694","display_name":"Blood\u2013brain barrier","level":3,"score":0.5045167207717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4665133059024811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4603523910045624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3783404529094696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.29268908500671387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2846599221229553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.25161898136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.20075944066047668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.14865204691886902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.09400692582130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28005876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189814","display_name":"Endocytosis","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001812","descriptor_name":"Blood-Brain Barrier","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005822","descriptor_name":"Genetic Vectors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061905","descriptor_name":"Single-Domain Antibodies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9679430","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9679430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:36426363","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36426363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5f57c23e2a5143aca619a80073331bf9","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5f57c23e2a5143aca619a80073331bf9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 13 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:169726","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/applications-of-nanobodies-in-brain-diseases(19ceac91-b18d-43f5-bc9e-468a00450010).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.978513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323137","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481580402","https://openalex.org/W1494937589","https://openalex.org/W1497911255","https://openalex.org/W1542207885","https://openalex.org/W1575156104","https://openalex.org/W1964622632","https://openalex.org/W1967281455","https://openalex.org/W1971972971","https://openalex.org/W1979980397","https://openalex.org/W1982986559","https://openalex.org/W1983692789","https://openalex.org/W1985821001","https://openalex.org/W1989672802","https://openalex.org/W1992375147","https://openalex.org/W1995269105","https://openalex.org/W1998292458","https://openalex.org/W2000437732","https://openalex.org/W2002173684","https://openalex.org/W2009524685","https://openalex.org/W2009979848","https://openalex.org/W2011382624","https://openalex.org/W2019629829","https://openalex.org/W2020018803","https://openalex.org/W2023351166","https://openalex.org/W2024456670","https://openalex.org/W2034516179","https://openalex.org/W2042456048","https://openalex.org/W2042951078","https://openalex.org/W2047918945","https://openalex.org/W2052688891","https://openalex.org/W2057495229","https://openalex.org/W2058251896","https://openalex.org/W2065692297","https://openalex.org/W2068472697","https://openalex.org/W2068519589","https://openalex.org/W2069505356","https://openalex.org/W2072578105","https://openalex.org/W2074844635","https://openalex.org/W2077808374","https://openalex.org/W2079155344","https://openalex.org/W2083578599","https://openalex.org/W2087904752","https://openalex.org/W2088366609","https://openalex.org/W2088469724","https://openalex.org/W2095553811","https://openalex.org/W2096287682","https://openalex.org/W2098231819","https://openalex.org/W2101272434","https://openalex.org/W2101327971","https://openalex.org/W2106380530","https://openalex.org/W2112455323","https://openalex.org/W2119436953","https://openalex.org/W2120755219","https://openalex.org/W2122645068","https://openalex.org/W2128297456","https://openalex.org/W2136008694","https://openalex.org/W2137156526","https://openalex.org/W2149218172","https://openalex.org/W2154714325","https://openalex.org/W2164443763","https://openalex.org/W2164460393","https://openalex.org/W2165574853","https://openalex.org/W2169563920","https://openalex.org/W2169610187","https://openalex.org/W2218471556","https://openalex.org/W2340101159","https://openalex.org/W2396397415","https://openalex.org/W2436134149","https://openalex.org/W2468686109","https://openalex.org/W2485805503","https://openalex.org/W2528291739","https://openalex.org/W2538181594","https://openalex.org/W2552474198","https://openalex.org/W2593391850","https://openalex.org/W2606025347","https://openalex.org/W2608854612","https://openalex.org/W2609435849","https://openalex.org/W2626473198","https://openalex.org/W2706941516","https://openalex.org/W2726555694","https://openalex.org/W2733293666","https://openalex.org/W2735847121","https://openalex.org/W2737749044","https://openalex.org/W2745321513","https://openalex.org/W2752618556","https://openalex.org/W2757935580","https://openalex.org/W2760852110","https://openalex.org/W2765582194","https://openalex.org/W2787515413","https://openalex.org/W2790034636","https://openalex.org/W2791721988","https://openalex.org/W2792878484","https://openalex.org/W2795720994","https://openalex.org/W2796306345","https://openalex.org/W2800241970","https://openalex.org/W2804416081","https://openalex.org/W2883785017","https://openalex.org/W2901164196","https://openalex.org/W2906442564","https://openalex.org/W2910737538","https://openalex.org/W2913862398","https://openalex.org/W2944004434","https://openalex.org/W2948125905","https://openalex.org/W2948217838","https://openalex.org/W2954390789","https://openalex.org/W2958473531","https://openalex.org/W2965554873","https://openalex.org/W2992915097","https://openalex.org/W3005961708","https://openalex.org/W3007071978","https://openalex.org/W3007679475","https://openalex.org/W3011461499","https://openalex.org/W3012530015","https://openalex.org/W3018797106","https://openalex.org/W3023575816","https://openalex.org/W3026202285","https://openalex.org/W3047156180","https://openalex.org/W3048515223","https://openalex.org/W3092984710","https://openalex.org/W3104682194","https://openalex.org/W3107819751","https://openalex.org/W3109336704","https://openalex.org/W3116290635","https://openalex.org/W3118426931","https://openalex.org/W3129110576","https://openalex.org/W3160890185","https://openalex.org/W3164261253","https://openalex.org/W3164873415","https://openalex.org/W3175300916","https://openalex.org/W3187189251","https://openalex.org/W3192557912","https://openalex.org/W3195266074","https://openalex.org/W3195407702","https://openalex.org/W3211287456","https://openalex.org/W3214567902","https://openalex.org/W3215787352","https://openalex.org/W3217220025","https://openalex.org/W4200234246","https://openalex.org/W4206046172","https://openalex.org/W4206481149","https://openalex.org/W4210700580","https://openalex.org/W4211036635","https://openalex.org/W4212887816","https://openalex.org/W4214485228","https://openalex.org/W4214635975","https://openalex.org/W4220656916","https://openalex.org/W4220764548","https://openalex.org/W4220920250","https://openalex.org/W4220951745","https://openalex.org/W4248009855","https://openalex.org/W4281616414"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7125414421","https://openalex.org/W4415927736","https://openalex.org/W7116089407","https://openalex.org/W3023153243","https://openalex.org/W2799549725","https://openalex.org/W4390193052","https://openalex.org/W2907663017","https://openalex.org/W3187189251","https://openalex.org/W1575156104","https://openalex.org/W7114907024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nanobodies":[0],"are":[1],"antibody":[2],"fragments":[3],"derived":[4],"from":[5],"camelids,":[6],"naturally":[7],"endowed":[8],"with":[9,46,176,204],"properties":[10],"like":[11],"low":[12,18],"molecular":[13],"weight,":[14],"high":[15],"affinity":[16],"and":[17,33,85,124,129,138,168,183,193,207,223,244],"immunogenicity,":[19],"which":[20,56],"contribute":[21],"to":[22,63,153,156,187,200,210],"their":[23],"effective":[24],"use":[25,103],"as":[26,31,59,133,135,147,238,240],"research":[27],"tools,":[28],"but":[29],"also":[30],"diagnostic":[32,167,243],"therapeutic":[34,169,245],"agents":[35],"in":[36,173],"a":[37,60],"wide":[38],"range":[39],"of":[40,49,87,94,96,104,107,165,171,190],"diseases,":[41,175],"including":[42,110],"brain":[43,184,236],"diseases.":[44],"Also,":[45],"the":[47,51,76,83,92,97,157,188,225],"success":[48],"Caplacizumab,":[50],"first":[52,80],"approved":[53],"nanobody":[54,191],"drug":[55],"was":[57],"established":[58],"first-in-class":[61],"medication":[62],"treat":[64],"acquired":[65],"thrombotic":[66],"thrombocytopenic":[67],"purpura,":[68],"nanobody-based":[69],"therapy":[70],"has":[71],"received":[72],"increasing":[73],"attention.":[74],"In":[75],"current":[77],"review,":[78],"we":[79,90,160,214],"briefly":[81],"introduce":[82],"characterization":[84],"manufacturing":[86],"nanobodies.":[88],"Then,":[89],"discuss":[91],"issue":[93],"crossing":[95],"brain-blood-barrier":[98],"(BBB)":[99],"by":[100],"nanobodies,":[101],"making":[102],"natural":[105],"methods":[106,140,145,149],"BBB":[108],"penetration,":[109],"passive":[111],"diffusion,":[112],"active":[113],"efflux":[114],"carriers":[115,123],"(ATP-binding":[116],"cassette":[117],"transporters),":[118],"carrier-mediated":[119],"influx":[120],"via":[121,150],"solute":[122],"transcytosis":[125],"(including":[126],"receptor-mediated":[127],"transport,":[128],"adsorptive":[130],"mediated":[131],"transport)":[132],"well":[134,239],"various":[136],"physical":[137],"chemical":[139],"or":[141,202],"even":[142],"more":[143],"complicated":[144],"such":[146],"genetic":[148],"viral":[151],"vectors":[152],"deliver":[154],"nanobodies":[155,172,196,227],"brain.":[158],"Next,":[159],"give":[161],"an":[162],"extensive":[163],"overview":[164],"research,":[166],"applications":[170],"brain-related":[174],"emphasis":[177],"on":[178],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[179],"disease,":[180,182],"Parkinson\u2019s":[181],"tumors.":[185],"Thanks":[186],"advance":[189],"engineering":[192],"modification":[194],"technologies,":[195],"can":[197],"be":[198],"linked":[199],"toxins":[201],"conjugated":[203],"radionuclides,":[205],"photosensitizers":[206],"nanoparticles,":[208],"according":[209],"different":[211],"requirements.":[212],"Finally,":[213],"provide":[215],"several":[216],"perspectives":[217,230],"that":[218],"may":[219],"facilitate":[220],"future":[221],"studies":[222],"whereby":[224],"versatile":[226],"offer":[228],"promising":[229],"for":[231],"advancing":[232],"our":[233],"knowledge":[234],"about":[235],"disorders,":[237],"hopefully":[241],"yielding":[242],"solutions.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-11-11T00:00:00"}
