{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308332623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","title":"The Vessels That Encapsulate Tumor Clusters (VETC) Pattern Is a Poor Prognosis Factor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Analysis of Microvessel Density","display_name":"The Vessels That Encapsulate Tumor Clusters (VETC) Pattern Is a Poor Prognosis Factor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Analysis of Microvessel Density","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308332623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36358846","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9658947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers14215428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5428/pdf?version=1667897842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5428/pdf?version=1667897842","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101812809","display_name":"Chun-Wei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5195-2621","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5195-2621"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114150738","display_name":"Fu Jen Catholic University","ror":"https://ror.org/04je98850","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114150738"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Wei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5195-2621","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114150738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086294757","display_name":"Sey\u2010En Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-9452","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-9452"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sey-En Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-9452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059783038","display_name":"Song-Fong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3300-799X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3300-799X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song-Fong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085460598","display_name":"Ming\u2010Chin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6980-7123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6980-7123"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173093425","display_name":"Chang Gung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d80zx46","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Chin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan","Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6980-7123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051189688","display_name":"Jui\u2010Hsiang Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-9398","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-9398"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jui-Hsiang Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000149710","display_name":"Chi\u2010Neu Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5940-0696","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5940-0696"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173093425","display_name":"Chang Gung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d80zx46","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Neu Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173093425"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053307607","display_name":"Heng-Yuan Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-8772","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-8772"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heng-Yuan Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-8772","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053307607"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2513},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2513},"fwci":2.8632,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91742569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"21","first_page":"5428","last_page":"5428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10073","display_name":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10073","display_name":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10422","display_name":"Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer","score":0.01940000057220459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12278","display_name":"Vascular Tumors and Angiosarcomas","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatocellular-carcinoma","display_name":"hepatocellular carcinoma","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microvasculature","display_name":"tumor microvasculature","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microvessel-density","display_name":"microvessel density","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd31","display_name":"CD31","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognosis","display_name":"prognosis","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-free-survival","display_name":"disease-free survival","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-recurrence","display_name":"tumor recurrence","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-invasion","display_name":"vascular invasion","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-resection","display_name":"hepatectomy","score":0.7179999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778019345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148337","display_name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.8472471237182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.776768684387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207886595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456138","display_name":"Pathological","level":2,"score":0.7009921073913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632335","display_name":"Microvessel","level":3,"score":0.6771004796028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778939058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046167","display_name":"CD31","level":3,"score":0.5955991148948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5369320511817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.46705877780914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.45874103903770447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.4476166367530823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.42676761746406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.3967166543006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.2854762077331543}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers14215428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5428/pdf?version=1667897842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36358846","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36358846","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9658947","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9658947/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fa2c537429374a62bb8f540a78640d42","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fa2c537429374a62bb8f540a78640d42","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cancers, Vol 14, Iss 5428, p 5428 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers14215428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215428","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5428/pdf?version=1667897842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9922999739646912,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322767","display_name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02verss31"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308332623.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308332623.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1907044431","https://openalex.org/W1938930503","https://openalex.org/W1971837077","https://openalex.org/W1993873907","https://openalex.org/W2087799322","https://openalex.org/W2123065898","https://openalex.org/W2125158357","https://openalex.org/W2290543669","https://openalex.org/W2741375122","https://openalex.org/W2748077866","https://openalex.org/W2752819396","https://openalex.org/W2763700772","https://openalex.org/W2767254554","https://openalex.org/W2787358630","https://openalex.org/W2889646458","https://openalex.org/W2903509048","https://openalex.org/W2915848278","https://openalex.org/W2950312587","https://openalex.org/W3026004675","https://openalex.org/W3101072197","https://openalex.org/W3211253108","https://openalex.org/W3213277274","https://openalex.org/W4229048244","https://openalex.org/W4280518410","https://openalex.org/W4324262440","https://openalex.org/W6743646892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950312587","https://openalex.org/W4412112707","https://openalex.org/W4376139064","https://openalex.org/W4362736234","https://openalex.org/W4231886160","https://openalex.org/W3149966404","https://openalex.org/W2985506143","https://openalex.org/W4391687132","https://openalex.org/W4307553490","https://openalex.org/W4292685250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,16,63,75,108,164],"outcomes":[1],"of":[2,11,37,65,122,128,146,191],"patients":[3,39,47,98],"with":[4,40,48,158,178,203],"hepatocellular":[5],"carcinoma":[6],"(HCC)":[7],"are":[8,209],"unsatisfactory":[9],"because":[10],"its":[12],"high":[13],"recurrence":[14,138],"rate.":[15],"Vessels":[17],"that":[18,183],"encapsulate":[19],"tumor":[20,131],"clusters":[21],"(VETC)":[22],"pattern":[23,68,186],"is":[24,187],"a":[25],"unique":[26],"vascular":[27,129],"structure.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30],"study,":[31],"we":[32],"investigated":[33,87],"the":[34,41,66,103,120,126,144,172,184,204],"clinical\u2212pathological":[35,174],"features":[36],"HCC":[38,49],"VETC":[42,67,185,205],"pattern.":[43,206],"We":[44,86],"retrospectively":[45],"reviewed":[46],"who":[50],"underwent":[51],"curative":[52],"hepatectomy":[53],"at":[54],"Chang":[55],"Gung":[56],"Memorial":[57],"Hospital":[58],"between":[59,92],"2007":[60],"and":[61,82,88,137],"2013.":[62],"form":[64],"was":[69,112,171,200],"established":[70],"using":[71],"an":[72,188],"anti-CD31":[73],"stain.":[74],"results":[76],"were":[77,99,116],"classified":[78,100],"into":[79,101],"positive":[80],"(VETC+)":[81],"negative":[83],"(VETC\u2212)":[84],"patterns.":[85],"compared":[89],"demographic":[90],"data":[91],"these":[93],"two":[94],"groups.":[95,107],"Overall,":[96],"174":[97],"either":[102],"VETC+":[104,154],"or":[105],"VETC\u2212":[106],"median":[109],"followed-up":[110],"period":[111],"80.5":[113],"months.":[114],"There":[115],"significant":[117],"differences":[118],"in":[119],"number":[121],"hepatitis":[123],"B":[124],"carriers,":[125],"occurrence":[127],"invasion,":[130],"size,":[132],"TNM":[133],"staging,":[134],"microvessel":[135,166,198],"density,":[136,167],"(all":[139],"p":[140],"<":[141],"0.05).":[142],"Regarding":[143],"prediction":[145],"disease-free":[147],"survival,":[148],"after":[149],"COX":[150],"regression":[151],"multivariate":[152],"analysis,":[153],"remained":[155],"independently":[156,176],"associated":[157,177,202],"recurrent":[159],"episodes":[160],"(p":[161],"=":[162],"0.003).":[163],"intra-tumoral":[165,197],"demonstrated":[168,182],"by":[169],"CD-31,":[170],"only":[173],"feature":[175],"VETC+.":[179],"Our":[180],"study":[181],"independent":[189],"factor":[190],"poor":[192],"prognosis":[193],"for":[194],"DFS.":[195],"Higher":[196],"density":[199],"significantly":[201],"Further":[207],"studies":[208],"needed":[210],"to":[211],"validate":[212],"our":[213],"findings.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2022-11-11T00:00:00"}
