{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4307633705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","title":"Multifunctional Derivatives of Spiropyrrolidine Tethered Indeno-Quinoxaline Heterocyclic Hybrids as Potent Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Agents: Design, Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches","display_name":"Multifunctional Derivatives of Spiropyrrolidine Tethered Indeno-Quinoxaline Heterocyclic Hybrids as Potent Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Agents: Design, Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4307633705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36364077","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9653804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules27217248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7248/pdf?version=1666833969","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7248/pdf?version=1666833969","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002699247","display_name":"Nouha Bouali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1890-6233","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1890-6233"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nouha Bouali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091468286","display_name":"Manel Ben Hammouda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manel Ben Hammouda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity/CHPNR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity/CHPNR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083110337","display_name":"Iqrar Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-9572","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-9572"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iqrar Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-9572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038617233","display_name":"Siwar Ghannay","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siwar Ghannay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069565252","display_name":"Amira Thouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2657-7858","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2657-7858"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amira Thouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Bioresources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Bioresources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015401487","display_name":"Amal Dbeibia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amal Dbeibia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Analyzes, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Analyzes, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064634732","display_name":"Harun Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-1266","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-1266"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harun Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-1266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072982300","display_name":"Walid Sabri Hamadou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5221-2791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5221-2791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walid Sabri Hamadou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008313664","display_name":"Karim Hosni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-8378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-8378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153504","display_name":"Institut National de Recherches et d'Analyses Physico-chimiques","ror":"https://ror.org/01x4ctb78","country_code":"TN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153504"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karim Hosni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Institute National de Recherche et d\u2019Analyse Physico-Chimique, Biotechp\u00f4le de Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet 2020, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles, Institute National de Recherche et d\u2019Analyse Physico-Chimique, Biotechp\u00f4le de Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet 2020, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071968866","display_name":"Mejdi Snoussi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-2601","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-2601"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mejdi Snoussi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia","Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddad, BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-2601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddad, BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070678346","display_name":"Mohd Adnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7080-6822","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7080-6822","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1189-8422","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3007-2680"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Adnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7080-6822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643883","display_name":"Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-4940","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-4940"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59475050","display_name":"Jamia Millia Islamia","ror":"https://ror.org/00pnhhv55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md Imtaiyaz Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-4940","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085291497","display_name":"Emira Noumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-5748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-5748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emira Noumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-5748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062565762","display_name":"Ka\u00efss Aouadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-8154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-8154"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166928557","display_name":"University of Monastir","ror":"https://ror.org/00nhtcg76","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}],"countries":["SA","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ka\u00efss Aouadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia","Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, Monastir 5019, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, Monastir 5019, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166928557"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103193675","display_name":"Adel Kadri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4724-198X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4724-198X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252705","display_name":"Faculty of Sciences of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/01thp0k37","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784","https://openalex.org/I4405252705"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52207611","display_name":"Al Baha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0403jak37","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52207611"]}],"countries":["SA","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel Kadri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts of Baljurashi, Albaha University, Al Bahah P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia","Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts of Baljurashi, Albaha University, Al Bahah P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52207611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784","https://openalex.org/I4405252705"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100643883"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2408},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2408},"fwci":2.5989,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91391056,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"21","first_page":"7248","last_page":"7248"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13160","display_name":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13160","display_name":"Synthesis and Biological Evaluation","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14099","display_name":"Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10274","display_name":"Heterocyclic Compound Synthesis and Bioactivity","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-activity","display_name":"antimicrobial activity","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-activity","display_name":"antioxidant activity","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidiabetic-activity","display_name":"antidiabetic activity","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-amylase-inhibition","display_name":"\u03b1-amylase inhibition","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structure-activity-relationship","display_name":"structure-activity relationship","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adme-screening","display_name":"ADME screening","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-docking","display_name":"molecular docking","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-simulation","display_name":"dynamic simulation","score":0.578000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780362310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419930","display_name":"Quinoxaline","level":2,"score":0.9024997353553772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.843154788017273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7196588516235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.6385362148284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775905019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192572","display_name":"In silico","level":3,"score":0.6348440051078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5899267792701721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.5624349117279053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3473944067955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2873592972755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000516","descriptor_name":"alpha-Amylases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000890","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000975","descriptor_name":"Antioxidants","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007004","descriptor_name":"Hypoglycemic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007004","descriptor_name":"Hypoglycemic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011810","descriptor_name":"Quinoxalines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013329","descriptor_name":"Structure-Activity Relationship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013451","descriptor_name":"Sulfonic Acids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D052160","descriptor_name":"Benzothiazoles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062105","descriptor_name":"Molecular Docking Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules27217248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7248/pdf?version=1666833969","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36364077","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36364077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9653804","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9653804/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e8b4b151b7a64fb29a98d0098c9b2167","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e8b4b151b7a64fb29a98d0098c9b2167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 21, p 7248 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules27217248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217248","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7248/pdf?version=1666833969","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4307633705.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4307633705.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1868625854","https://openalex.org/W1965488979","https://openalex.org/W1980593326","https://openalex.org/W2000502677","https://openalex.org/W2026871941","https://openalex.org/W2111129827","https://openalex.org/W2111897217","https://openalex.org/W2128781208","https://openalex.org/W2141889412","https://openalex.org/W2180684249","https://openalex.org/W2469426073","https://openalex.org/W2508065730","https://openalex.org/W2537865956","https://openalex.org/W2595303968","https://openalex.org/W2607491114","https://openalex.org/W2724984459","https://openalex.org/W2795632532","https://openalex.org/W2796830560","https://openalex.org/W2799554924","https://openalex.org/W2813584960","https://openalex.org/W2897286465","https://openalex.org/W2925848620","https://openalex.org/W2942858449","https://openalex.org/W2949236218","https://openalex.org/W2949309822","https://openalex.org/W2951377295","https://openalex.org/W2980835468","https://openalex.org/W2981756736","https://openalex.org/W3003497022","https://openalex.org/W3009082839","https://openalex.org/W3017180474","https://openalex.org/W3035376174","https://openalex.org/W3041563527","https://openalex.org/W3042897754","https://openalex.org/W3049340088","https://openalex.org/W3083956305","https://openalex.org/W3093043311","https://openalex.org/W3096677621","https://openalex.org/W3097070695","https://openalex.org/W3104518517","https://openalex.org/W3109095178","https://openalex.org/W3111587833","https://openalex.org/W3122388798","https://openalex.org/W3125717368","https://openalex.org/W3128506822","https://openalex.org/W3148310219","https://openalex.org/W3170019987","https://openalex.org/W3171704617","https://openalex.org/W3182802543","https://openalex.org/W3185557174","https://openalex.org/W3193722096","https://openalex.org/W3195303851","https://openalex.org/W3210240836","https://openalex.org/W3210890336","https://openalex.org/W3214909954","https://openalex.org/W3215086252","https://openalex.org/W4205531235","https://openalex.org/W4205957202","https://openalex.org/W4206469657","https://openalex.org/W4214602141","https://openalex.org/W4214604701","https://openalex.org/W4220728212","https://openalex.org/W4224251179","https://openalex.org/W4224324901","https://openalex.org/W4234951105","https://openalex.org/W4281959671","https://openalex.org/W4283068664","https://openalex.org/W4283776537","https://openalex.org/W4286751549","https://openalex.org/W4288035423"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2170444690","https://openalex.org/W2616712783","https://openalex.org/W3106815950","https://openalex.org/W4402875416","https://openalex.org/W2593147350","https://openalex.org/W7124581977","https://openalex.org/W4283823426","https://openalex.org/W4388462601","https://openalex.org/W3171704617","https://openalex.org/W4206350757"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"combat":[1],"emerging":[2],"antimicrobial-resistant":[3],"microbes,":[4],"there":[5],"is":[6],"an":[7],"urgent":[8],"need":[9],"to":[10,71,153,209],"develop":[11],"new":[12,24,249],"antimicrobials":[13],"with":[14,56,104,139,160,252],"better":[15],"therapeutic":[16],"profiles.":[17],"For":[18],"this,":[19],"a":[20,133],"series":[21],"of":[22,94,106,136,174,195,228],"13":[23],"spiropyrrolidine":[25,250],"derivatives":[26],"were":[27,232],"designed,":[28],"synthesized,":[29],"characterized":[30],"and":[31,39,85,117,147,170,183,214,221,225,237,256],"evaluated":[32],"for":[33,124,245],"their":[34,125,216],"in":[35,198],"vitro":[36],"antimicrobial,":[37],"antioxidant":[38,77,92],"antidiabetic":[40,257],"potential.":[41],"Antimicrobial":[42],"results":[43,89],"revealed":[44,192],"that":[45],"the":[46,59,101,129,161,193,200,203,211,229],"designed":[47],"compounds":[48,164],"displayed":[49],"good":[50],"activity":[51,78,103,138],"against":[52,65],"clinical":[53],"isolated":[54],"strains,":[55],"5d":[57],"being":[58,165],"most":[60,162],"potent":[61],"(MIC":[62,73],"3.95":[63],"mM":[64,110,115,121,146,151],"Staphylococcus":[66],"aureus":[67],"ATCC":[68],"25923)":[69],"compared":[70,152],"tetracycline":[72],"576.01":[74],"mM).":[75],"The":[76,88],"was":[79,207],"assessed":[80],"by":[81,168],"trapping":[82],"DPPH,":[83],"ABTS":[84],"FRAP":[86],"assays.":[87],"suggest":[90],"remarkable":[91],"potential":[93],"all":[95],"synthesized":[96],"compounds,":[97],"particularly":[98],"5c,":[99],"exhibiting":[100],"strongest":[102],"IC50":[105,140,173],"3.26":[107],"\u00b1":[108,113,119,144,149,157,176,180,185],"0.32":[109],"(DPPH),":[111],"7.03":[112],"0.07":[114],"(ABTS)":[116],"3.69":[118],"0.72":[120],"(FRAP).":[122],"Tested":[123],"\u03b1-amylase":[126,137],"inhibitory":[127],"effect,":[128],"examined":[130],"analogues":[131],"display":[132],"variable":[134],"degree":[135],"ranging":[141],"between":[142,223],"0.55":[143,175],"0.38":[145,177],"2.19":[148],"0.23":[150],"acarbose":[154],"(IC50":[155],"1.19":[156],"0.02":[158],"mM),":[159],"active":[163,226],"5d,":[166],"followed":[167],"5c":[169],"5j,":[171],"affording":[172],"mM,":[178,182,187],"0.92":[179],"0.10":[181],"0.95":[184],"0.14":[186],"respectively.":[188],"Preliminary":[189],"structure\u2013activity":[190],"relationships":[191],"importance":[194],"such":[196],"substituents":[197],"enhancing":[199],"activity.":[201],"Furthermore,":[202],"ADME":[204],"screening":[205],"test":[206],"applied":[208],"optimize":[210],"physicochemical":[212],"properties":[213],"determine":[215],"drug-like":[217],"characteristics.":[218],"Binding":[219],"interactions":[220],"stability":[222],"ligands":[224],"residues":[227],"investigated":[230],"enzymes":[231],"confirmed":[233],"through":[234],"molecular":[235],"docking":[236],"dynamic":[238],"simulation":[239],"study.":[240],"These":[241],"findings":[242],"provided":[243],"guidance":[244],"further":[246],"developing":[247],"leading":[248],"scaffolds":[251],"improved":[253],"dual":[254],"antimicrobial":[255],"activities.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2022-11-04T00:00:00"}
