{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4301949310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","title":"Consistency Conditions for Regulatory Analysis of Financial Institutions: A Comparison of Frontier Efficiency Methods","display_name":"Consistency Conditions for Regulatory Analysis of Financial Institutions: A Comparison of Frontier Efficiency Methods","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4301949310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17016/feds.1997.50","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212089","display_name":"Finance and Economics Discussion Series","issn_l":"1936-2854","issn":["1936-2854","2767-3898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Finance and Economics Discussion Series","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062598095","display_name":"Paul W. Bauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6579-5268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6579-5268"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109900","display_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/01wxdvj03","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317239608","https://openalex.org/I4210109900"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul W. Bauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108432458","display_name":"Allen N. Berger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317239608","display_name":"Federal Reserve","ror":"https://ror.org/05fk5tr28","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317239608"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802905149","display_name":"Federal Reserve Board of Governors","ror":"https://ror.org/00v448643","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317239608","https://openalex.org/I2802905149"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allen N. Berger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317239608","https://openalex.org/I2802905149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059881316","display_name":"Gary D. Ferrier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-7928","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-7928"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary D. Ferrier","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-7928","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030718161","display_name":"David Burras Humphrey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-6648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-6648"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David B. Humphrey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-6648","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3022,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83694066,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1997.0","issue":"50","first_page":"1","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency-conditions","display_name":"consistency conditions","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-efficiency","display_name":"bank efficiency","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-regulation","display_name":"financial regulation","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-envelopment-analysis","display_name":"data envelopment analysis","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-frontier-analysis","display_name":"stochastic frontier analysis","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficiency-ranking","display_name":"efficiency ranking","score":0.6949999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.8283965587615967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51485801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16966861","display_name":"Efficient frontier","level":3,"score":0.6589459776878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985330422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q724931","display_name":"Market efficiency","level":2,"score":0.5918757319450378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17648541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2265984","display_name":"Efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5556713938713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5542824268341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5282033085823059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.518455445766449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22088475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647974","display_name":"Data envelopment analysis","level":2,"score":0.4809802770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778571376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355821","display_name":"Frontier","level":2,"score":0.47598567605018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4651625454425812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92145119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247859","display_name":"Productive efficiency","level":3,"score":0.46245288848876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29316020011901855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.23120814561843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2275124192237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1888376772403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.17873460054397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.1599452793598175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.10507500171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780821815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5340806","display_name":"Portfolio","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17016/feds.1997.50","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212089","display_name":"Finance and Economics Discussion Series","issn_l":"1936-2854","issn":["1936-2854","2767-3898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Finance and Economics Discussion Series","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17016/feds.1997.50","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17016/feds.1997.50","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212089","display_name":"Finance and Economics Discussion Series","issn_l":"1936-2854","issn":["1936-2854","2767-3898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Finance and Economics Discussion Series","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W425820991","https://openalex.org/W1486925192","https://openalex.org/W1514266925","https://openalex.org/W1535866388","https://openalex.org/W1570856320","https://openalex.org/W1578624952","https://openalex.org/W1589963777","https://openalex.org/W1967740507","https://openalex.org/W1968937084","https://openalex.org/W1975107026","https://openalex.org/W1977182161","https://openalex.org/W1978291559","https://openalex.org/W1981936476","https://openalex.org/W1982432558","https://openalex.org/W1984003494","https://openalex.org/W2002574540","https://openalex.org/W2008144378","https://openalex.org/W2009198911","https://openalex.org/W2013118805","https://openalex.org/W2014876819","https://openalex.org/W2020043264","https://openalex.org/W2022906798","https://openalex.org/W2030225954","https://openalex.org/W2032721733","https://openalex.org/W2033834012","https://openalex.org/W2045453785","https://openalex.org/W2053206174","https://openalex.org/W2054644951","https://openalex.org/W2055084783","https://openalex.org/W2056602593","https://openalex.org/W2061466812","https://openalex.org/W2062197030","https://openalex.org/W2066342077","https://openalex.org/W2076135196","https://openalex.org/W2076452041","https://openalex.org/W2077290268","https://openalex.org/W2081371444","https://openalex.org/W2092728689","https://openalex.org/W2094657051","https://openalex.org/W2111652331","https://openalex.org/W2114107585","https://openalex.org/W2135270917","https://openalex.org/W2150059822","https://openalex.org/W2601810669","https://openalex.org/W3124170885","https://openalex.org/W4388062645","https://openalex.org/W4388062693","https://openalex.org/W4388062704","https://openalex.org/W4388074893","https://openalex.org/W4388086130"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137678923","https://openalex.org/W7099902494","https://openalex.org/W2083195727","https://openalex.org/W3125328271","https://openalex.org/W4402729105","https://openalex.org/W4249270721","https://openalex.org/W1112691472","https://openalex.org/W2943073283","https://openalex.org/W1974308520","https://openalex.org/W2089305387"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,59],"propose":[1],"a":[2],"set":[3],"of":[4,36,57,77,80],"consistency":[5],"conditions":[6,47,64],"that":[7],"frontier":[8],"efficiency":[9,24,31,69,74],"measures":[10,56],"should":[11,26],"meet":[12],"to":[13],"be":[14,27],"most":[15],"useful":[16],"for":[17],"regulatory":[18],"analysis":[19],"or":[20],"other":[21],"purposes.":[22],"The":[23],"estimates":[25,70],"consistent":[28,41,52],"in":[29,48],"their":[30],"levels,":[32],"rankings,":[33],"and":[34,38,44,51,67,86],"identification":[35],"best":[37],"worst":[39],"firms;":[40],"over":[42],"time":[43],"with":[45,53],"competitive":[46],"the":[49,81],"market;":[50],"standard":[54],"nonfrontier":[55],"performance.":[58],"provide":[60],"evidence":[61],"on":[62,71],"these":[63],"by":[65],"evaluating":[66],"comparing":[68],"U.S.":[72],"bank":[73],"from":[75],"variants":[76],"all":[78],"four":[79],"major":[82],"approaches--DEA,":[83],"SFA,":[84],"TFA,":[85],"DFA--and":[87],"find":[88],"mixed":[89],"results.":[90]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2022-10-06T00:00:00"}
