{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4301004866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","title":"The Introspection of Deep Neural Networks - Towards Illuminating the Black Box - Training Architects Machine Learning via Grasshopper Definitions","display_name":"The Introspection of Deep Neural Networks - Towards Illuminating the Black Box - Training Architects Machine Learning via Grasshopper Definitions","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4301004866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","pdf_url":"http://papers.cumincad.org/data/works/att/caadria2018_126.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919173","display_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia","issn_l":"2710-4257","issn":["2710-4257","2710-4265"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CAADRIA proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://papers.cumincad.org/data/works/att/caadria2018_126.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000591445","display_name":"Nariddh Khean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0549-7784","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0549-7784"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nariddh Khean","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lucas Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jorge Martinez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Architectus / BIM Consulting 2,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architectus / BIM Consulting 2,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021848174","display_name":"Ben Doherty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-7372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-7372"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Doherty","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101583326","display_name":"Alessandra Fabbri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-1691","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-1691"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Fabbri","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045189204","display_name":"Nicole Gardner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6126-6716","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6126-6716"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Gardner","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNSW / Computational Design 1 , 5 ,","UNSW / Computational Design 1,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNSW / Computational Design 1 , 5 ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNSW / Computational Design 1,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034262691","display_name":"Hank M. Haeusler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-0819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-0819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hank Haeusler","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNSW / Computational Design"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNSW / Computational Design","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.479,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93238571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"237","last_page":"246"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13518","display_name":"Architecture and Computational Design","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13518","display_name":"Architecture and Computational Design","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-network","display_name":"deep neural network","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-education","display_name":"machine learning education","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architects","display_name":"architects","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grasshoppers","display_name":"grasshoppers","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-scripting","display_name":"visual scripting","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-modeling","display_name":"parametric modeling","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-architecture","display_name":"artificial intelligence in architecture","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box-transparency","display_name":"black box transparency","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-tools","display_name":"design tools","score":0.3140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7134448289871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6922684907913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.561659574508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5337734222412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.49820399284362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4582921266555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4364212453365326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.42760586738586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.42096149921417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0945722758769989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","pdf_url":"http://papers.cumincad.org/data/works/att/caadria2018_126.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919173","display_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia","issn_l":"2710-4257","issn":["2710-4257","2710-4265"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CAADRIA proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.237","pdf_url":"http://papers.cumincad.org/data/works/att/caadria2018_126.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919173","display_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia","issn_l":"2710-4257","issn":["2710-4257","2710-4265"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CAADRIA proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4301004866.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4301004866.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W344546700","https://openalex.org/W592963477","https://openalex.org/W1895424795","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2122090912","https://openalex.org/W2505158342","https://openalex.org/W2579327165","https://openalex.org/W2754625923","https://openalex.org/W2768326812","https://openalex.org/W2939224145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092743570","https://openalex.org/W4409690318","https://openalex.org/W4394894832","https://openalex.org/W3189914940","https://openalex.org/W2765938764","https://openalex.org/W4385452907","https://openalex.org/W6927800272","https://openalex.org/W3138879439","https://openalex.org/W2808243444","https://openalex.org/W3014237030"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"learning":[1,28,44,102,166],"is":[2],"yet":[3],"to":[4,109,130,149,176],"make":[5],"a":[6,24,33,48,101,128,141,147,158],"significant":[7],"impact":[8],"in":[9,80,140,167,184],"the":[10,18,39,54,59,68,81,84,98,112,119,132,162,178],"field":[11],"of":[12,20,36,42,61,70,83,100,115,123,137,164,181],"architecture":[13,62],"and":[14,30,63,73,78,107,134,151],"design.":[15],"However,":[16],"with":[17],"combination":[19],"artificial":[21,182],"neural":[22,138,154],"networks,":[23],"biologically":[25],"inspired":[26],"machine":[27,37,43,71,116,165],"paradigm,":[29],"deep":[31],"learning,":[32,38,72],"hierarchical":[34],"subsystem":[35],"predictive":[40],"capabilities":[41],"processes":[45],"could":[46],"prove":[47],"valuable":[49],"tool":[50,103],"for":[51],"designers.":[52],"Yet,":[53],"inherent":[55],"knowledge":[56,93],"gap":[57],"between":[58],"fields":[60],"computer":[64],"science":[65],"has":[66],"meant":[67],"complexity":[69],"thus":[74],"its":[75],"potential":[76],"value":[77],"applications":[79],"design":[82],"built":[85],"environment":[86,122,171],"remain":[87],"little":[88],"understood.":[89],"To":[90],"bridge":[91],"this":[92,95,125],"gap,":[94],"paper":[96],"describes":[97],"development":[99],"directed":[104],"at":[105],"architects":[106],"designers":[108],"better":[110],"understand":[111],"inner":[113],"workings":[114],"learning.":[117],"Within":[118],"parametric":[120],"modelling":[121],"Grasshopper,":[124],"research":[126],"develops":[127],"framework":[129],"express":[131],"mathematic":[133],"programmatic":[135],"operations":[136],"networks":[139],"visual":[142],"scripting":[143],"language.":[144],"This":[145],"offers":[146],"way":[148],"segment":[150],"parametrise":[152],"each":[153],"network":[155],"operation":[156],"into":[157],"basic":[159],"expression.":[160],"Unpacking":[161],"complexities":[163],"an":[168],"intermediary":[169],"software":[170],"such":[172],"as":[173],"Grasshopper":[174],"intends":[175],"foster":[177],"broader":[179],"adoption":[180],"intelligence":[183],"architecture.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-10-04T00:00:00"}
