{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4300433290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","title":"Immediate antiviral therapy appears to restrict resting CD4+ cell HIV-1 infection without accelerating the decay of latent infection","display_name":"Immediate antiviral therapy appears to restrict resting CD4+ cell HIV-1 infection without accelerating the decay of latent infection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4300433290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:cdr.lib.unc.edu:sn00b543n","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401075","display_name":"Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(24)","raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011419939","display_name":"J. D. Kuruc","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuruc, J. D.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016066799","display_name":"M. S. Cohen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cohen, M. S.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074876033","display_name":"J. M. Coffin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Coffin, J. M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111904914","display_name":"Ann P. Wiegand","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wiegand, A.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002027341","display_name":"N.K. Vaidya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vaidya, N. K.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008716404","display_name":"David M. Margolis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5714-0002","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5714-0002"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margolis, D. M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031783678","display_name":"M.F. Kearney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kearney, M. F.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090984084","display_name":"A. L. Liberty","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liberty, A. L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049794472","display_name":"Cynthia L. Gay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-3059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-3059"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gay, C. L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026897872","display_name":"N. M. Archin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Archin, N. M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002048512","display_name":"R.J. Bosch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bosch, R. J.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009257339","display_name":"J.J. Eron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eron, J. J.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068865442","display_name":"A. S. Perelson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Perelson, A. S.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3923,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57093525,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resting-cd4-t-cells","display_name":"resting CD4+ T cells","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-latency","display_name":"HIV latency","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-therapy","display_name":"antiretroviral therapy","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-reservoir","display_name":"viral reservoir","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-model","display_name":"mathematical model","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-level-viremia","display_name":"low-level viremia","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-eradication","display_name":"HIV eradication","score":0.5429999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.6390174627304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5476180911064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993143319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.5022492408752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993512173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846227","display_name":"Antiviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.4852480888366699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4094396233558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.323162317276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.20795786380767822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.17784112691879272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020491458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131742","display_name":"Chronic hepatitis","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:cdr.lib.unc.edu:sn00b543n","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401075","display_name":"Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(24)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.17615/n6wn-ha56","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051488","display_name":"UNC Libraries","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:cdr.lib.unc.edu:sn00b543n","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/n6wn-ha56","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401075","display_name":"Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(24)","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9922999739646912,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7631011224","display_name":"(CHAVI) Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology","funder_award_id":"U01AI067854","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8091123611","display_name":"Modeling Viral and T Lymphocyte Dynamics","funder_award_id":"R01OD011095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8541996175","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI50410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332582","funder_display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000068329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI028433","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000075494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI50410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000226269","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI067854","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306402","display_name":"F. M. Kirby Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03kz2rg33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311932","display_name":"James B. Pendleton Charitable Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/04tw4j633"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314616","display_name":"James N. Kirby Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0367ekx87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332582","display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337677","display_name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4300433290.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4300433290.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127012498","https://openalex.org/W2144549163","https://openalex.org/W2101516953","https://openalex.org/W2081550246","https://openalex.org/W2158520397","https://openalex.org/W2156212256","https://openalex.org/W2099050891","https://openalex.org/W2040766473","https://openalex.org/W4298436307","https://openalex.org/W2115635591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"HIV":[0,80,230],"type":[1],"1":[2,50],"(HIV-1)":[3],"persists":[4],"within":[5],"resting":[6,21,183],"CD4+":[7,67,160,184],"T":[8,68,161,185],"cells":[9,162,186,208],"despite":[10,212],"antiretroviral":[11],"therapy":[12],"(ART).":[13],"To":[14],"better":[15],"understand":[16],"the":[17,43,55,61,71,96,106,149,157,171,220,236,240],"kinetics":[18],"by":[19,170],"which":[20],"cell":[22],"infection":[23,81],"(RCI)":[24],"is":[25,153,168,198],"established,":[26],"we":[27,90],"developed":[28],"a":[29,118],"mathematical":[30],"model":[31],"that":[32,92,147,178,209,222],"accurately":[33],"predicts":[34],"(r":[35],"=":[36,39],"0.65,":[37],"P":[38],"2.5":[40],"\u00d7":[41],"10\u22124)":[42],"initial":[44,124],"frequency":[45,126],"of":[46,57,74,98,109,121,151,159,181],"RCI":[47,85,103,125,141,152],"measured":[48],"about":[49],"year":[51,108],"postinfection,":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"time":[56],"ART":[58,94,110],"initiation":[59],"and":[60,66,176,205,218],"dynamic":[62],"changes":[63],"in":[64,83,111,193,195,202,233],"viremia":[65,135,167,197],"cells.":[69,101],"In":[70],"largest":[72],"cohort":[73],"patients":[75,194],"treated":[76],"during":[77],"acute":[78],"seronegative":[79],"(AHI)":[82],"whom":[84,196],"has":[86],"been":[87],"stringently":[88],"quantified,":[89],"found":[91],"early":[93,203,213],"reduced":[95],"generation":[97],"latently":[99],"infected":[100,114,182],"Although":[102],"declined":[104],"after":[105],"first":[107],"most":[112],"acutely":[113],"patients,":[115],"there":[116],"was":[117,127,136],"striking":[119],"absence":[120],"decline":[122],"when":[123],"less":[128,189],"than":[129],"0.5":[130],"per":[131],"million.":[132],"Notably,":[133],"low-level":[134],"observed":[137],"more":[138],"frequently":[139],"as":[140],"increased.":[142],"Together":[143],"these":[144],"observations":[145],"suggest":[146],"(i)":[148],"degree":[150],"directly":[154],"related":[155],"to":[156,164,228,238],"availability":[158],"susceptible":[163],"HIV,":[165],"whether":[166],"controlled":[169,201],"immune":[172],"response":[173],"and/or":[174],"ART;":[175],"(ii)":[177],"two":[179],"pools":[180],"exist,":[187],"namely,":[188],"stable":[190,207],"cells,":[191],"observable":[192],"not":[199],"well":[200],"infection,":[204,231],"extremely":[206,241],"are":[210],"established":[211],"ART.":[214],"These":[215],"findings":[216],"reinforce":[217],"extend":[219],"concept":[221],"new":[223],"approaches":[224],"will":[225],"be":[226],"needed":[227],"eradicate":[229],"and,":[232],"particular,":[234],"highlight":[235],"need":[237],"target":[239],"small":[242],"but":[243],"universal,":[244],"long-lived":[245],"latent":[246],"reservoir.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2022-10-03T00:00:00"}
