{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4299355440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1787/224255001640","title":"Ten Years of Product Market Reform in OECD Countries","display_name":"Ten Years of Product Market Reform in OECD Countries","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4299355440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1787/224255001640"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1787/224255001640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1787/224255001640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1787/224255001640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210239538","display_name":"OECD Economics Department working papers","issn_l":"1815-1973","issn":["1815-1973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OECD Economics Department Working Papers","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anita W\u00f6lfl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288051870","display_name":"Organisation de Coop\u00e9ration et de D\u00e9veloppement Economiques","ror":"https://ror.org/0438wbg98","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anita W\u00f6lfl","raw_affiliation_strings":["OECD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OECD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Isabelle Wanner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288051870","display_name":"Organisation de Coop\u00e9ration et de D\u00e9veloppement Economiques","ror":"https://ror.org/0438wbg98","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isabelle Wanner","raw_affiliation_strings":["OECD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OECD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tomasz Ko\u017aluk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288051870","display_name":"Organisation de Coop\u00e9ration et de D\u00e9veloppement Economiques","ror":"https://ror.org/0438wbg98","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomasz Ko\u017aluk","raw_affiliation_strings":["OECD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OECD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Giuseppe Nicoletti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288051870","display_name":"Organisation de Coop\u00e9ration et de D\u00e9veloppement Economiques","ror":"https://ror.org/0438wbg98","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Nicoletti","raw_affiliation_strings":["OECD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OECD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14112","display_name":"Economic, financial, and policy analysis","score":0.3472000062465668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14112","display_name":"Economic, financial, and policy analysis","score":0.3472000062465668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.11819999665021896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12185","display_name":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","score":0.10289999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-market-regulation","display_name":"product market regulation","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-liberalization","display_name":"market liberalization","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition-policy","display_name":"competition policy","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sector-specific-regulation","display_name":"sector-specific regulation","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-convergence","display_name":"regulatory convergence","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-market-reform","display_name":"gas market reform","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-market-reform","display_name":"electricity market reform","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-reform","display_name":"telecommunications reform","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-regulation","display_name":"retail regulation","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oecd-countries","display_name":"OECD countries","score":0.6769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5100570321083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4154210090637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.331032931804657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08693507313728333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1787/224255001640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1787/224255001640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1787/224255001640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210239538","display_name":"OECD Economics Department working papers","issn_l":"1815-1973","issn":["1815-1973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OECD Economics Department Working Papers","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1596746336","https://openalex.org/W4298251311","https://openalex.org/W4250482142","https://openalex.org/W4241582043","https://openalex.org/W4241656910","https://openalex.org/W2140035656","https://openalex.org/W3012807263","https://openalex.org/W7097490974","https://openalex.org/W11345741","https://openalex.org/W1968884730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"patterns":[3],"and":[4,26,51,55,76,136,162,171],"developments":[5],"of":[6,28,32,83,112,158],"regulation":[7,35,50,84,115],"that":[8,37,63],"potentially":[9],"affect":[10],"product":[11,33,69,113],"market":[12,34,114],"competition":[13],"in":[14,44,97,127],"OECD":[15,30,64,86],"countries":[16,65,87],"over":[17,71,160],"the":[18,23,29,45,72,98,106,133],"past":[19,46,73],"decade.":[20],"It":[21],"uses":[22],"2008":[24],"update":[25],"revision":[27],"indicators":[31],"(PMR)":[36],"integrate":[38],"to":[39,94,117,121,142],"a":[40,53,79,122],"larger":[41],"extent":[42,124],"than":[43],"information":[47],"on":[48],"sector-specific":[49,128],"adapt":[52],"simpler":[54],"more":[56],"transparent":[57],"aggregation":[58],"technique.":[59],"The":[60],"results":[61],"show":[62],"have":[66,95,118,143],"extensively":[67],"liberalised":[68],"markets":[70],"ten":[74],"years":[75],"\u2013":[77],"as":[78,103,131,155,163,168],"consequence":[80],"-":[81],"convergence":[82],"across":[85],"can":[88],"be":[89],"observed.":[90],"However,":[91,148],"reforms":[92,126],"appear":[93,140],"slowed":[96],"most":[99],"recent":[100],"period":[101,108],"(2003-2008)":[102],"compared":[104],"with":[105],"earlier":[107],"(1998-":[109],"2003).":[110],"Easing":[111],"appears":[116],"been":[119],"driven":[120],"considerable":[123],"by":[125],"regulation,":[129],"notably":[130],"regards":[132,156,164],"gas,":[134],"electricity":[135],"telecommunications":[137],"markets.":[138],"Countries":[139],"also":[141],"followed":[144],"consistent":[145],"reform":[146,152],"approaches.":[147],"scope":[149],"for":[150],"further":[151],"remains,":[153],"especially":[154],"controls":[157],"governments":[159],"businesses,":[161],"certain":[165],"sectors":[166],"such":[167],"professional":[169],"services":[170],"retail":[172],"trade.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-24T09:50:30.924529","created_date":"2022-10-02T00:00:00"}