{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297988285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635","title":"Study of the Microstructure, Corrosion and Optical Properties of Anodized Aluminum for Solar Heating Applications","display_name":"Study of the Microstructure, Corrosion and Optical Properties of Anodized Aluminum for Solar Heating Applications","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297988285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/met12101635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1635/pdf?version=1666315805","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208383","display_name":"Metals","issn_l":"2075-4701","issn":["2075-4701"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Metals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1635/pdf?version=1666315805","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085463293","display_name":"Ehab M. AlShamaileh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-4975","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-4975"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ehab AlShamaileh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-4975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017967748","display_name":"Abdelmnim M. Altwaiq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1956-9953","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1956-9953"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36622005","display_name":"Petra University","ror":"https://ror.org/039d9es10","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36622005"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelmnim M. Altwaiq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36622005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081431616","display_name":"Muayad Esaifan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9009-6821","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9009-6821"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36622005","display_name":"Petra University","ror":"https://ror.org/039d9es10","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36622005"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muayad Esaifan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9009-6821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36622005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026635085","display_name":"Heba Al-Fayyad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8207-8888","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8207-8888"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heba Al-Fayyad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057196792","display_name":"Ziad A. Shraideh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3194-3728","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3194-3728"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziad Shraideh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012025678","display_name":"Iessa Sabbe Moosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8902-4441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8902-4441"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iessa Sabbe Moosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054085229","display_name":"Imad Hamadneh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-112X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-112X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imad Hamadneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-112X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085463293"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"fwci":0.3291,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39929704,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"10","first_page":"1635","last_page":"1635"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.6699000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.6699000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12340","display_name":"Anodic Oxide Films and Nanostructures","score":0.15559999644756317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10310","display_name":"Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition","score":0.053599998354911804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anodized-aluminum","display_name":"anodized aluminum","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-heating","display_name":"solar heating","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corrosion-resistance","display_name":"corrosion resistance","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-solar-absorbers","display_name":"selective solar absorbers","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potentiodynamic-polarization","display_name":"potentiodynamic polarization","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nacl-solution-corrosion","display_name":"NaCl solution corrosion","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectivity","display_name":"reflectivity","score":0.6629999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22016385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567502","display_name":"Anodizing","level":3,"score":0.9151794910430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.8270288109779358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.725330114364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.6182504892349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.6114420294761658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513153333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663","display_name":"Aluminium","level":2,"score":0.551459550857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780824857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58803","display_name":"Solar cell","level":2,"score":0.46067675948143005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.4341864585876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.42219263315200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.4113445580005646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3607181906700134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3225153684616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2820776104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/met12101635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1635/pdf?version=1666315805","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208383","display_name":"Metals","issn_l":"2075-4701","issn":["2075-4701"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Metals","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5616b54bf99a4d42ae0a7c4a0853201d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5616b54bf99a4d42ae0a7c4a0853201d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Metals, Vol 12, Iss 10, p 1635 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/met12101635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101635","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/10/1635/pdf?version=1666315805","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210208383","display_name":"Metals","issn_l":"2075-4701","issn":["2075-4701"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Metals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323382","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297988285.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297988285.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985075987","https://openalex.org/W2048187531","https://openalex.org/W2050084247","https://openalex.org/W2074074096","https://openalex.org/W2093487140","https://openalex.org/W2156112635","https://openalex.org/W2277960626","https://openalex.org/W2406712442","https://openalex.org/W2735082039","https://openalex.org/W2767292527","https://openalex.org/W2787358537","https://openalex.org/W2803671360","https://openalex.org/W3155073529","https://openalex.org/W3163752230","https://openalex.org/W3169748550","https://openalex.org/W3184373284","https://openalex.org/W3187105437","https://openalex.org/W3187632460","https://openalex.org/W3192954819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010093776","https://openalex.org/W4409826626","https://openalex.org/W2027026833","https://openalex.org/W2044386575","https://openalex.org/W3121087997","https://openalex.org/W1977697026","https://openalex.org/W6987682197","https://openalex.org/W3011972140","https://openalex.org/W1993697268","https://openalex.org/W4392059637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Humans":[0],"are":[1],"increasingly":[2],"required":[3],"to":[4,11,52,96,180,186,237,243,265],"harvest":[5],"green":[6],"solar":[7,60,139,159,182,239,247,266,286],"energy":[8,13],"in":[9,50,115,161,175,184,219,246],"order":[10,51],"reduce":[12],"bills":[14],"and":[15,37,46,78,87,91,149,272],"save":[16],"the":[17,20,29,54,67,70,74,79,97,111,119,128,135,168,171,178,251,275,281,284],"environment":[18],"from":[19],"excessive":[21],"use":[22,58],"of":[23,31,56,69,73,103,170,177,207,283],"fossil":[24],"resources.":[25],"In":[26,192,225],"this":[27],"article,":[28],"microstructures":[30],"both":[32],"commercial":[33,38,232,252],"non-colored":[34,75],"anodized":[35,40,76,81,124,151,173,234],"Al":[36,41,77,82,106,125,152,174,235],"blackened":[39,80,123,150,172,233],"were":[42,83,93,153,201],"studied":[43,105],"using":[44,110,215,230],"optical":[45],"scanning":[47],"electron":[48],"microscopy":[49],"interpret":[53],"results":[55,166],"their":[57],"as":[59,118,155],"absorbing":[61,240],"surfaces.":[62,288],"Microscopic":[63],"examination":[64],"showed":[65],"that":[66],"thickness":[68],"anodization":[71],"layers":[72],"approximately":[84],"11":[85],"\u00b5m":[86],"14":[88],"\u00b5m,":[89],"respectively,":[90],"they":[92],"perfectly":[94],"adhered":[95],"mother":[98],"Al.":[99],"The":[100,122],"corrosion":[101,130,189,258],"rate":[102],"all":[104],"surfaces":[107,157],"was":[108,212],"investigated":[109],"potentiodynamic":[112],"polarization":[113],"technique":[114],"3.5%":[116],"NaCl":[117],"corrosive":[120],"medium.":[121],"surface":[126,137,236],"exhibited":[127],"highest":[129],"resistance,":[131,259],"which":[132],"made":[133],"it":[134],"best":[136],"for":[138,158],"heating":[140],"systems.":[141],"Moreover,":[142],"raw":[143],"Al,":[144,148,256],"matte":[145,253],"black":[146,254],"painted":[147,255],"tested":[154],"selective":[156,287],"radiation":[160,248],"different":[162],"weather":[163],"conditions.":[164],"Our":[165],"demonstrated":[167,280],"superiority":[169],"terms":[176],"ability":[179],"absorb":[181],"radiation,":[183,267],"addition":[185],"its":[187,244],"higher":[188,197],"resistance":[190],"properties.":[191],"experimental":[193],"testing,":[194],"temperature":[195],"values":[196],"than":[198],"90":[199],"\u00b0C":[200,211],"reached":[202],"several":[203],"times.":[204],"A":[205],"gain":[206],"an":[208],"extra":[209],"5":[210],"achieved":[213],"when":[214],"a":[216,222,231],"double-glazed":[217],"cover":[218],"comparison":[220],"with":[221,250],"single-glazed":[223],"setup.":[224],"conclusion,":[226],"we":[227],"highly":[228],"recommend":[229],"manufacture":[238],"heaters,":[241],"owing":[242],"similarity":[245],"absorptivity":[249],"excellent":[257],"superior":[260],"endurance":[261],"upon":[262],"long-term":[263],"exposure":[264],"light":[268,276],"weight,":[269],"low":[270],"price,":[271],"availability.":[273],"Additionally,":[274],"reflectance":[277],"%":[278],"test":[279],"characteristics":[282],"used":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-10-01T00:00:00"}