{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297809452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521","title":"Combination of High Prevalence Sign/Symptom Pairs: An Approach to the Diagnosis of Cushing\u2019s Syndrome","display_name":"Combination of High Prevalence Sign/Symptom Pairs: An Approach to the Diagnosis of Cushing\u2019s Syndrome","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297809452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5772/intechopen.106521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521","pdf_url":"https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/83273","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463448","display_name":"IntechOpen eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322558","host_organization_name":"IntechOpen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IntechOpen"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adrenal Glands - The Current Stage and New Perspectives of Diseases and Treatment","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293317763","display_name":"Adrenal Glands - The Current Stage and New Perspectives of Diseases and Treatment"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/83273","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026716060","display_name":"A. Ver\u00f3nica Araya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1012-3798","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1012-3798"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086110","display_name":"Cl\u00ednica Las Condes","ror":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086110"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131012","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico de la Universidad de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02xtpdq88","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A\u00edda Ver\u00f3nica Araya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile","Endocrinology Unit, Las Condes Clinic, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012","https://openalex.org/I69737025"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Unit, Las Condes Clinic, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013676922","display_name":"Claudio Liberman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131012","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico de la Universidad de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02xtpdq88","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Liberman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012","https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039020384","display_name":"Claudia Munizaga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086110","display_name":"Cl\u00ednica Las Condes","ror":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086110"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Munizaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology Unit, Las Condes Clinic, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Unit, Las Condes Clinic, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pedro Pineda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131012","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico de la Universidad de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02xtpdq88","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Pineda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012","https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104089873","display_name":"Marcela Barber\u00e1n M.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086110","display_name":"Cl\u00ednica Las Condes","ror":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086110"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcela Barber\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology Unit, Las Condes Clinic, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Unit, Las Condes Clinic, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Francisco Cordero","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131012","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico de la Universidad de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02xtpdq88","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Cordero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012","https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030452589","display_name":"Alejandra Lanas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0680-1194","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0680-1194"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131012","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico de la Universidad de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02xtpdq88","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandra Lanas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012","https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052009847","display_name":"Luis Toro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0102-9716","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0102-9716"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131012","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico de la Universidad de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/02xtpdq88","country_code":"CL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu\u00eds Toro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Advanced Clinical Research, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Advanced Clinical Research, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131012","https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9293,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82492997,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10832","display_name":"Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10832","display_name":"Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11054","display_name":"Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12421","display_name":"Adrenal Hormones and Disorders","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cushing-s-syndrome","display_name":"Cushing's syndrome","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-signs-and-symptoms","display_name":"clinical signs and symptoms","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buffalo-hump","display_name":"buffalo hump","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdominal-obesity","display_name":"abdominal obesity","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/striae-distensae","display_name":"striae","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hirsutism","display_name":"hirsutism","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eosinopenia","display_name":"eosinopenia","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-atrophy","display_name":"muscle atrophy","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-syndrome","display_name":"metabolic syndrome","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.5019999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781347865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490539","display_name":"Eosinopenia","level":2,"score":0.9579908847808838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7985070943832397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777673923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79928","display_name":"Acne","level":2,"score":0.7399755120277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781172350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194520","display_name":"Atrophy","level":2,"score":0.6330682635307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776371013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620594","display_name":"hirsutism","level":5,"score":0.6050399541854858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.41086822748184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.36446160078048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.1924130618572235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018442814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500816","display_name":"Polycystic ovary","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5772/intechopen.106521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521","pdf_url":"https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/83273","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463448","display_name":"IntechOpen eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322558","host_organization_name":"IntechOpen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IntechOpen"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adrenal Glands - The Current Stage and New Perspectives of Diseases and Treatment","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:biblioboard.com:c4a60271-7b63-46d8-a529-431da43d5f27","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://openresearchlibrary.org/viewer/c4a60271-7b63-46d8-a529-431da43d5f27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401131","display_name":"BiblioBoard Library Catalog (Open Research Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MODID-6d55e02e354:IntechOpen","raw_type":"CHAPTER"},{"id":"pmh:oai:intechopen.com:83273","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mts.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/combination-of-high-prevalence-sign-symptom-pairs-an-approach-to-the-diagnosis-of-cushing-s-syndrome","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196132","display_name":"IntechOpen","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.intechopen.com/books/","raw_type":"Chapter, Part Of Book"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5772/intechopen.106521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106521","pdf_url":"https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/83273","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463448","display_name":"IntechOpen eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322558","host_organization_name":"IntechOpen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IntechOpen"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adrenal Glands - The Current Stage and New Perspectives of Diseases and Treatment","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323458","display_name":"Universidad de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297809452.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297809452.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68115163","https://openalex.org/W1966690259","https://openalex.org/W1967466043","https://openalex.org/W2019266619","https://openalex.org/W2037672592","https://openalex.org/W2062798568","https://openalex.org/W2074907897","https://openalex.org/W2080314360","https://openalex.org/W2099672556","https://openalex.org/W2102227365","https://openalex.org/W2121626409","https://openalex.org/W2133397819","https://openalex.org/W2138362359","https://openalex.org/W2148768957","https://openalex.org/W2154322526","https://openalex.org/W2158086718","https://openalex.org/W2502884422","https://openalex.org/W2505969566","https://openalex.org/W2573422574","https://openalex.org/W2586798222","https://openalex.org/W2607140863","https://openalex.org/W2621858797","https://openalex.org/W2734895257","https://openalex.org/W2757314740","https://openalex.org/W2949356757"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7008839696","https://openalex.org/W2266051253","https://openalex.org/W4403048726","https://openalex.org/W2183960922","https://openalex.org/W2981747740","https://openalex.org/W3146177614","https://openalex.org/W7125911526","https://openalex.org/W1880182095","https://openalex.org/W2348598837","https://openalex.org/W2361955401"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"of":[1,5,33,59,61,73,77,85,123,177,186],"the":[2,31,57,86,183],"clinical":[3,34,66,78],"features":[4,79],"Cushing\u2019s":[6],"syndrome":[7],"(CS)":[8],"are":[9],"nonspecific":[10],"and":[11,36,112,135,167],"could":[12],"be":[13],"present":[14,119,140],"in":[15,38,42,54,82,120,141,175],"obesity,":[16],"particularly":[17],"when":[18],"this":[19],"condition":[20],"is":[21],"associated":[22],"with":[23,44],"metabolic":[24],"syndrome.":[25],"Our":[26],"objective":[27],"was":[28,88],"to":[29,48],"evaluate":[30],"frequency":[32],"manifestations":[35],"changes":[37],"general":[39],"laboratory":[40,69],"tests,":[41],"patients":[43],"confirmed":[45],"endogenous":[46],"CS,":[47],"identify":[49],"diagnostic":[50],"dyads.":[51],"We":[52],"evaluated":[53],"each":[55],"patient":[56],"rate":[58],"coexistence":[60],"2":[62],"elements":[63],"either:":[64],"symptoms,":[65],"signs,":[67],"or":[68,80],"alteration.":[70],"The":[71],"prevalence":[72],"a":[74],"combined":[75],"pair":[76],"dyad":[81],"over":[83,121],"30%":[84],"cases,":[87],"considered":[89],"clinically":[90,97],"significant.":[91],"Fourteen":[92],"dyads":[93],"were":[94,118,139,173],"identified":[95],"as":[96],"relevant.":[98],"Facies":[99,125],"+":[100,104,108,114,126,132,137,144,148,154,160,164,169],"buffalo":[101,106,146,158],"hump;":[102],"facies":[103,113,136],"eosinopenia;":[105,145,149,152],"hump":[107,147,159],"supraclavicular":[109,115,170],"fat":[110,116,130,171],"pads":[111],"pads,":[117,172],"50%":[122],"cases.":[124],"muscular":[127,133,150,161,165],"atrophy;":[128,162],"centripetal":[129],"distribution":[131],"atrophy":[134,166],"striae":[138],"42\u201349%.":[142],"Hirsutism/acne":[143],"atrophy+":[151],"eosinopenia":[153],"accelerated":[155],"weight":[156],"gain;":[157],"hirsutism/acne":[163,168],"observed":[174],"33\u201338%":[176],"patients.":[178],"Its":[179],"application":[180],"will":[181],"facilitate":[182],"correct":[184],"diagnosis":[185],"CS.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-10-01T00:00:00"}