{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297259367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","title":"Dairy cows did not rely on social learning mechanisms when solving a spatial detour task","display_name":"Dairy cows did not rely on social learning mechanisms when solving a spatial detour task","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297259367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36157180","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9490023"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2594976040","display_name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","issn_l":"2297-1769","issn":["2297-1769"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039965543","display_name":"Johanna Stenfelt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9415-7532","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9415-7532"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I298625061","display_name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02yy8x990","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johanna Stenfelt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089289148","display_name":"Jenny Yngvesson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3123-2229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3123-2229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I298625061","display_name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02yy8x990","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenny Yngvesson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055281348","display_name":"Harry J. Blokhuis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-6355","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-6355"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I298625061","display_name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02yy8x990","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry J. Blokhuis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038307792","display_name":"Maria Vilain R\u00f8rvang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3503-2059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3503-2059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I298625061","display_name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02yy8x990","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Vilain R\u00f8rvang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038307792"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":1.7345,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8011185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"956559","last_page":"956559"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.384799987077713,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.384799987077713,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.37059998512268066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.07339999824762344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-learning","display_name":"social learning","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dairy-cows","display_name":"dairy cattle","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-cognition","display_name":"animal cognition","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-learning","display_name":"observational learning","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-reward","display_name":"food reward","score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-effects","display_name":"age effects","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-motivation","display_name":"food motivation","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-welfare","display_name":"animal welfare","score":0.3059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6017507910728455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39488211274147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.33405524492263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08485740423202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2594976040","display_name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","issn_l":"2297-1769","issn":["2297-1769"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36157180","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36157180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in veterinary science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9490023","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9490023/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Vet Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:29035","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/29035/1/stenfelt-j-et-al-20221003.pdf","pdf_url":"https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/29035/1/stenfelt-j-et-al-20221003.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402317","display_name":"Epsilon Open Archive (Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet biblioteket (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I298625061","host_organization_name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Research article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9a4f51d7818e4237939e20e0932ce696","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9a4f51d7818e4237939e20e0932ce696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 9 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.956559/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2594976040","display_name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","issn_l":"2297-1769","issn":["2297-1769"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322582","display_name":"Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet","ror":"https://ror.org/02yy8x990"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297259367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4297259367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W242265469","https://openalex.org/W1513618424","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1977942338","https://openalex.org/W1978636910","https://openalex.org/W1991355578","https://openalex.org/W1994641523","https://openalex.org/W1998927588","https://openalex.org/W2005090857","https://openalex.org/W2013339354","https://openalex.org/W2022083670","https://openalex.org/W2032691796","https://openalex.org/W2032699288","https://openalex.org/W2033894113","https://openalex.org/W2034062776","https://openalex.org/W2036645594","https://openalex.org/W2047419274","https://openalex.org/W2048362028","https://openalex.org/W2048753016","https://openalex.org/W2049069390","https://openalex.org/W2049815682","https://openalex.org/W2059812030","https://openalex.org/W2063968311","https://openalex.org/W2072139978","https://openalex.org/W2072827159","https://openalex.org/W2077656400","https://openalex.org/W2080719781","https://openalex.org/W2102186824","https://openalex.org/W2102600110","https://openalex.org/W2109828782","https://openalex.org/W2119683976","https://openalex.org/W2126386672","https://openalex.org/W2130091174","https://openalex.org/W2131854596","https://openalex.org/W2132295100","https://openalex.org/W2139461810","https://openalex.org/W2146406299","https://openalex.org/W2152372221","https://openalex.org/W2242196585","https://openalex.org/W2489361491","https://openalex.org/W2528486610","https://openalex.org/W2768027807","https://openalex.org/W2801506302","https://openalex.org/W2889292188","https://openalex.org/W2889945665","https://openalex.org/W2892292481","https://openalex.org/W2965852564","https://openalex.org/W2990427812","https://openalex.org/W3090450901","https://openalex.org/W3123474448","https://openalex.org/W4281650233","https://openalex.org/W4296816736","https://openalex.org/W6754720467"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080719781","https://openalex.org/W2049815682","https://openalex.org/W2528486610","https://openalex.org/W6977753128","https://openalex.org/W2889292188","https://openalex.org/W16252938","https://openalex.org/W2048362028","https://openalex.org/W2336005780","https://openalex.org/W2108081807","https://openalex.org/W2130091174"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"herd-living":[1],"animals,":[2,312],"cattle":[3,23,34,336],"have":[4],"opportunities":[5],"to":[6,41,49,87,109,153,162,171,217,257,303],"observe":[7],"and":[8,26,123,173,196,233,270],"learn":[9],"from":[10],"others.":[11],"While":[12],"there":[13],"is":[14,351],"evidence":[15],"of":[16,19,112,135,169,204,231,282,307],"simpler":[17],"processes":[18],"information":[20],"transfer":[21],"in":[22,33,56,68,167,190,228,248,268,310],"(social":[24],"facilitation":[25],"stimulus":[27],"enhancement),":[28],"true":[29],"social":[30,54,300,308,321,342,349],"learning":[31,55,309,322,350],"mechanisms":[32,323],"remain":[35],"largely":[36],"unexplored.":[37],"This":[38],"study":[39,185],"aimed":[40],"investigate":[42],"if":[43,347],"dairy":[44,62],"cows":[45,63,86,120,125,224,234,243,275,317],"possess":[46,337],"cognitive":[47,338],"abilities":[48,339],"acquire":[50],"new":[51],"behavior":[52],"through":[53],"a":[57,77,201,263,295,352],"spatial":[58],"detour":[59,327],"task.":[60,156,328],"Thirty-two":[61],"(ages":[64],"2\u20139":[65],"years)":[66],"participated":[67],"the":[69,85,92,98,110,155,164,177,205,210,236,250,288,304,326],"study.":[70],"A":[71],"food":[72,259],"reward":[73,93],"was":[74,115],"placed":[75],"behind":[76],"U-shaped":[78],"formation":[79],"(4":[80],"x":[81],"2":[82],"m),":[83],"allowing":[84],"see":[88],"but":[89],"not":[90,142,319],"reach":[91,163],"without":[94],"first":[95],"detouring":[96],"around":[97],"obstacle.":[99],"The":[100,184,279],"U-shape":[101],"provided":[102],"two":[103,129],"routes":[104],"(~18":[105],"m":[106],"walking":[107],"distance)":[108],"reward,":[111,165],"which":[113],"one":[114],"used":[116],"for":[117,341],"demonstration.":[118],"Two":[119],"were":[121,126,225,239],"demonstrators":[122],"30":[124],"divided":[127],"into":[128],"groups,":[130],"assigned":[131],"as":[132,344,346],"either":[133],"observers":[134,195,199,215],"demonstration":[136,144],"(n":[137,145],"=":[138,146],"15)":[139],"or":[140,192],"controls":[141],"observing":[143],"15).":[147],"Cows":[148],"had":[149,262],"three":[150],"attempts":[151],"(trials)":[152],"solve":[154],"Response":[157],"variables":[158],"were:":[159],"success,":[160],"latency":[161,193],"concordance":[166],"choice":[168,230],"route":[170,238],"detour,":[172],"time":[174,206],"spent":[175,200],"facing":[176,209],"test":[178,211],"arena":[179],"before":[180,207],"each":[181],"trial":[182],"started.":[183],"found":[186],"no":[187],"significant":[188,264],"differences":[189],"success":[191,267,285],"between":[194],"controls,":[197],"although":[198],"greater":[202],"proportion":[203],"trials":[208],"arena.":[212],"However,":[213],"successful":[214,221],"tended":[216],"be":[218,292],"faster":[219,241],"than":[220,242,299],"controls.":[222],"Individual":[223],"generally":[226],"consistent":[227],"their":[229],"route,":[232],"choosing":[235],"demonstrated":[237],"significantly":[240],"that":[244,287,316],"did":[245,318],"not.":[246],"Success":[247],"solving":[249,325],"task":[251],"decreased":[252],"over":[253],"trials,":[254],"likely":[255],"due":[256],"decreasing":[258],"motivation.":[260],"Age":[261],"effect":[265,281,290],"on":[266,284,333],"2nd":[269],"3rd":[271],"trial,":[272],"with":[273],"younger":[274],"being":[276],"more":[277],"successful.":[278],"lacking":[280],"treatment":[283],"suggests":[286],"age":[289],"may":[291],"explained":[293],"by":[294],"higher":[296],"motivation,":[297],"rather":[298],"learning.":[301],"Adding":[302],"sparse":[305],"knowledge":[306],"farm":[311],"these":[313],"results":[314],"indicate":[315],"utilize":[320],"when":[324],"Future":[329],"research":[330],"should":[331],"focus":[332],"clarifying":[334],"whether":[335],"necessary":[340],"learning,":[343],"well":[345],"/when":[348],"primary":[353],"strategy.":[354]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-09-28T00:00:00"}
